Jurnal Sosial Humaniora

160-180

Authors: Tony Hanoraga; Niken Prasetyawati

Paten adalah hak khusus yang diberikan berdasarkan Undang-Undang oleh pemerintah kepada orang atau badan hukum yang mendapatkan suatu penemuan (invention) di bidang teknologi. Paten sebagai rezim kepemilikan dengan pemberian hak ekslusif (exclusive right) bukan bersifat tanpa batas. Negara boleh mengatur perkecualian secara terbatas hak eksklusif yang tercakup dalam paten. Asalkan perkecualian tersebut tidak secara tanpa alasan yang sah bertentangan dengan eksploitasi normal paten dan tidak merugikan kepentingan yang wajar dari Pemegang Paten, serta dengan tetap memperhitungkan kepentingan pihak ketiga. Salah satu wujud pembatasan hak eksklusif paten adalah aturan mengenai lisensi wajib (compulsory license).

192-209

Authors: Fuad Cholisi

This article provides a literature review on the comparison between theories of learning and theories of training. Despite their equally vital roles in the improvement of human capital quality, it turns out that almost all of the training theories have been based, as their ground, on the learning theories. The learning theories, on the other hand, have long been established with a firm ground philosophically, psychologically, and pedagogically. This strong foundation has made learning theories such a trade mark that looks so firm, stable and reliable. As a general finding, this article concludes that there are indeed some theories of training that are applicable for individual and organizational training. However, such theories are obviously not equally comparable to the theories of learning.