Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi

25-46

Authors: Salahaddin Bekki and Enis Yalçın

Hicret’ten yaklaşık yirmi iki yıl önce Mekke’de dünyaya gelen Hz. Ali, Hz. Peygamberin amcası Ebû Talib’in oğludur. Hz. Ali, beş yaşından Hicret’e kadar yani on yedi/on sekiz sene Hz Peygamber’in himayesi ve terbiyesi altında büyümüştür. Dört büyük halifenin sonuncusu olan Hz. Ali aynı zamanda hayatta iken Cennet ile müjdelenen on kişiden biridir. Hz. Ali, İslam’ın doğuş ve yayılış yıllarındaki tüm savaşlara katılarak cesaret ve kahramanlıkta büyük ün kazanmıştır. Hz. Muhammed’in kızıyla evlenen Hz Ali’nin soyu iki kol halinde günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Hz. Ali, Türk tasavvuf geleneğinde pek çok tarikat silsilesinde en başta yer alır ve o tarikatın piri kabul edilir. Bu kabul, tasavvuf geleneğinde Hz. Ali’nin insan-ı kâmil olarak örnek alınmasıyla ontolojik bir temele de oturtulmuş olur. Ahilikte de Hz. Ali’nin önemli bir yeri vardır. Ahiliğin temel yazılı kaynakları fütüvvetnameler ile şecerenamelerdir. Bu kaynaklar, Hz. Ali’yi Ahi Evran’ın ustası, amcası oğlu ve kayınpederi olarak tanıtır. Yine bu kaynaklar, Hz. Ali’yi Ahilikte çok önemli bir yere sahip olan şed kuşanma, fütüvvet libası giyme konusunda bizzat Hz. Peygamber tarafından kuşağı bağlanan kişi olarak göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada İslam tarihinde çok önemli bir yere sahip olan Hz. Ali’nin bir Türk kurumu olan Ahilikteki yeri ve önemi ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu yapılırken ilk önce Hz. Ali’nin tarihi kişiliği hakkında özlü bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra bazı mezhep ve tarikatlardaki Hz. Ali algısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Ahiliğin temel kaynaklarından yayımlanmış olan yedi fütüvvetname ile altı şecerename incelenerek Hz Ali’nin ahilikte önemli bir konuma sahip olduğu bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Hz. Ali, who was born in Mecca 22 years before the Hegira, was the son of Abu Talib, the uncle of the Messenger Muhammed. Ali grew up under the guardianship of Hz. Muhammed for 18 years and grew up under his discipline. The last of the four great caliphs, Hz. Ali is also one of the ten people heralded with Jannah when he was alive. Hz. Ali gained great fame in courage and heroism by participating in all wars during the birth and spread of Islam. Ali married Muhammed’s daughter and his lineage survived to the present day in two branches. Hz. Ali is in the forefront of many sects in the Turkish Sufi tradition and he is considered the piri of that sect. By taking Ali as the model of the human being, he is based on an ontological basis. In Akhi tradition, Hz. Ali also has an important place. The main written sources of Akhi are futuwwatnamas and genealogies. These sources describe Hz. Ali as the master of Ahi Evran, the son of his uncle, and his father-in-law. These sources also point to Hz. Ali as the person who has a very important place in the Akhism and who is been tied up by Hz. Muhammed himself for wearing the shah of Sufis and the futuristic piety. The aim of this study is to investigate the position and the importance of Hz. Ali in Akhi (a Turkish institution) tradition. First, information about his historical personality was briefly explained. After, the perception of Hz. Ali in some sects was emphasized. Seven futuwwat descriptions and six genealogies published from the main sources of Akhism were examined. It was concluded that Hz. Ali had an important position in Akhi tradition.

65-76

Authors: Derya Coşkun

The fact that political and religious structures are inseparable in state government is an important detail for states’ future that was built on this basis. It is possible to explain the importance of this detail with the rise of many problems as a consequence of religious structure’s directing role in politics. In addition, religion and politics based disintegrations brought about conflicts between groups, giving way to the formation of new groups within the state. This situation resulted in some serious problems in the states foundations. Within the pages of history, a movement which was ostensibly from economic reasons, but actually came into existence in form of an independence movement, was emerged. This movement got into a Shia pattern and pioneered many similar movements likely to emerge. Sheik Hasan Cevri, who was accepted as religious leader of this political, social and economic revolt, named as Serbedari Movement, and his perception of politics are the main subjects of this study. The article reveals the struggle of Shaikh Hasan Juri within the frame of a Shiite ideology and the activities he carried out to this end, and an effort is also made to present to readers the topic of politics gaining a religion-based institutional structure.

99-110

Authors: Fatma Ünyay Açıkgöz

Preparing and distributing of Ashura to friends, which consists of at least ten kinds of ingredients, on 10th of Muharram “Ashura Day” has been accepted as the sunnah of Noah prophet and for this reason the Ashura day has been celebrated in various manners as a holy day throughout history. In the Ottomans, it was common both among general public and the palace and government high officials to make and hand out ashura on the Ashura Day, which was something that was paid attention. Literature review reveals that making and distribution of ashura in the Ottoman Palace between the XVIIIth and XIXth century has not been emphasized. Therefore, the subject of this article is to examine the practices of Ashura making and handing out from XVIIIth century to the first half of the XIXth century on Ashura Day. The findings are intended to contribute to Turkish cultural history. The celebrations of the ashura day have been a tradition that revived Ottoman social life, strengthening feelings of unity and solidarity. Information regarding the Ashura Day is possible to be obtained from some documents in Ottoman archive such as “teşrifat, cîb-i hümayun (ceyb-i hümayun) and harc-ı hassa” books. It is possible to find such details as the ingredients needed for the ashura to be cooked in the palace, materials used in cooking and distributing Ashura, persons to whom ashura is distributed and persons who distribute ashura, kindnesses done when ashura is cooked, tips given to persons who bring ashura and furs that are dressed to them in these documents. The information provided by the archive documents is also important in terms of indicating palace officials and their salaries and tips on special days. The documents used in this study comprise early XVIIIth and XIXth centuries and contributes to the understanding of things done on the ashura day in the late Ottoman period.