Asian Journal of Advanced Basic Sciences

1-5

Authors: Subhash C. Verma, N. K. Sharma & J. L. Sharma

The present study deals with vegetation of habitats of Kota district of Rajasthan state. Plant exploration was conducted to determine plants of family Asteraceae from various habitats revealed occurrences of 10 plant species. Taxonomic position of these plant species is described in various available Floras of different regions of the Rajasthan state.

12-16

Authors: Aftab Jahan Begum K. A.

Biotechnology, with its knowledge-intensive nature and tremendous economic potential, has emerged as one of the rapidly-growing sectors of the Indian knowledge economy today. Focusing on the practical use of biological systems to produce goods and services, biotechnology has made significant achievements in the growth and its application in the areas of agriculture, healthcare, environment, etc through R & D projects and infrastructure creation. Biotechnology seemed to have improved the conditions of Living but the way information has been communicated and the way decisions are made; affect perception and public support or opposition to a new technology. Biotechnology is not a system of farming; It reflects no specific philosophy nor is it guided by a set of principles or performance criteria. It is a bag of tools than can be used for good or evil, and lots in between. Hence, the debate over the value of biotechnology in the society is polarized and impassioned. This paper clearly evaluates the rewards of this field into the society and its disfavours from the public.

31-39

Authors: Saurabh Kaushal

Communication is a dynamic and wide process with its ever changing roles of sending and receiving information, ideas, emotions and the working of mind. Communication is not only a word but a term in itself with multiple interpretations. Out of a number of forms, there are two very important kinds of communication, verbal and non-verbal and the relation between them is inseparable. Non-verbal communication keeps the major portion of the periphery occupied and in absence of it communication can never happen. In the era of caveman, just using nonverbal communication could help to understand the other person, but in the complex society of today both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication are needed to fully understand each other. We start taking lessons in nonverbal communication from the very starting of our life from parents and the society in which we are surviving. There is a very common perception among people that for understanding any oral message we have to concentrate and subsequently be able to understand the nonverbal elements, but in reality nonverbal communication is not as easy to understand as it seems to be. Often it is misinterpreted and because of that wrong message is understood by the receiver. Another widely accepted fact states that by focusing upon the body language of a person we can predict how he/she feels about any situation. But all that varies from context to context, from culture to culture. Studies in the field of nonverbal communication have well illustrated the fact. Since nonverbal behavior arises from our cultural common sense, we use different systems of understanding gestures, postures, and silence, emotional expressions, touch, physical appearance, and other nonverbal cues including personality. This paper focuses mostly upon the basic understanding required to be taken into consideration while understanding non verbal elements along with verbal elements in different cultural settings.

47-50

Authors: Namita Bhardwaj* & Dr. M. K. Singh**

Transition metal complexes are cationic, anionic or neutral species in which transition metal is coordinated by ligands. Metals can play an important role in modifying the pharmacological properties of known drugs after coordinating with it. Stability constants of complexes also have an important role in the design of drugs for alleviation of metal poisoning. In the present study levofloxacin is used as a ligand for complexation. It is a member of fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics which is very active against aerobic Gram negative microorganism. The object of the present work is a physicochemical investigation of the interaction of bivalent metal ion [Mn(II)] with levofloxacin antibiotics and is aimed at understanding the mechanism of inhibitory or lethal effect of antibiotics against fixed types of microorganisms. The stability constants data can also be used for determination of various thermodynamic parameters such free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), and entropy ΔS0. From these parameters important information about mechanism of interaction can be deduced.

59-65

Authors: H. P. Singh* and M. R. Sharma**

India is amongst the largest irrigator countries in the world today. There is however, increasing concern about some of the irrigation potential created not brought into the functional use. System performance monitoring evaluation and diagnostic analysis are keys to appreciate the improvement or inefficiency in our irrigation projects. Therefore, exercise of performance evaluation of an irrigation system, whether a minor irrigation system or a medium/major irrigation project, requires proper understanding of the problems and potentials of that project. The potential utilization of Lift Irrigation Project Barbour Sahib is less than the average of District Una and even that of State of Himachal Pradesh.

72-75

Authors: R. P. Singh

Nanotechnology has captured the imaginations of Scientists, Engineers and Economists not only because of the explosion of discoveries at nanoscale, but also because of the potential societal implications. Nanotechnology promises to be a dominant force in our society in coming decades in roads. Today, nanotechnology is still in its infancy and only rudimentary nanostructures can be created with some control. The science of atoms and simple molecules, a one end, and the science of matter from microstructures to larger scale, on the other, is generally established. The remaining size related challenge is at the nanoscale roughly between 1and 100 molecules diameters where the fundamental properties of materials are determined and can be engineered. A revolution has been occurring in science and technology, based on the recently developed ability to measure, manipulate and organize matter on this scale. Recently discovered organized structures of matter (such as Carbon Nanotubes, molecular motors, DNA-based assemblies, quantum dots and molecular switches) and new phenomenous are scientific breakthrough that merely hints at possible future developments. However formidable challenges remain in fundamental understanding of the systems on this scale before the potential of nanotechnology can be realized.

1-14

Authors: Tanvir Arfin* and Simin Fatima**

ABSTRACT: The current study was focused and stressed on the measurement and estimation of conductivity. The conductivity of the membrane was examined at different temperature ranges (25-50 ± 0.1°C) and electrolyte concentration ranges (0.01 c (M)  0.5) using multi-meter respectively. The selectivity of membrane behaviour was inferred on the basis of conductometric studies which had a particular characteristic. Absolute reaction rate theory was applied and conducted to investigate the mechanism of transport of simple metal ions through the specific membrane. The parameters of thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and free energy were calculated using the appropriate method. The membrane resistivity for 1-1 electrolyte solutions was found to decrease in the order such that Li+ > Na+ > K+, which is in accordance with an increase in the size of cation. The activation energy increases with an increase in concentration of the electrolyte as it us directly proportional to each other. The membrane was weakly charged and the ionic species retain their hydration shell, at least partially while diffusing through the membrane pores in a gentle manner. All the values of G, H, and S were found to be positive in nature and there is an increases with an increasing temperature in the order likely to be as such K+ > Na+ > Li+. Keywords: Ionic conductivity; alkali halides; composite polystyrene calcium phosphate membrane; Gibbs free energy; membrane conductivity; activation energy

22-28

Authors: Vivek Kumar

ABSTRACT: Himachal Pradesh lies in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), is one of the richest reservoirs of biological diversity in the world, having a rich wealth of medicinal and aromatic plant wealth. The Pleurospermum candollii, is very important and rare medicinal herb found at very high altitude of 4500m amsl. The various species of Pleurospermum possess medicinal and antioxidant properties. Moreover, some species of Pleurospermum are also used in perfumery. Pleurospermum candollii is used in the treatment of dysentery, dyspepsia, renal pain, stomachache and flatulence. The seeds of Pleurospermum candollii were deep dormant and have very poor germination (7%), besides having high viability status of 98%. In the present paper seed storage studies on dormancy status and germination status is discussed. The effect of various germination inhibitor tests on germination of various phytometer species is also studied. The implications of the present research will be very productive and helpful in the seed based conservation of the various medicinal plant species in which the germination is poor and have dormancy. Keywords: medicinal plants, seed storage, viability, germination and dormancy

36-45

Authors: Manish Khanna* and Saurabh Kaushal**

ABSTRACT: No country can have a healthy economy without a sound and effective banking system. The Banks always remain the main participants of the financial system in any country. The Banking sector offers several facilities and opportunities to their customers and, therefore, it should be able to meet the new challenges posed by technology and other internal and external factors. With the establishment of the first Bank in India by British, the Banking sector has made rapid progress in various phrases. Before the establishment of banks, the financial activities were handled by money lenders and individuals and due to that people had to suffer a lot because of ignorance and many other reasons. So as to overcome such problems the organized banking sector was established which was fully regulated by the government. In India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the main governing authority and has been bestowed with extensive powers to work as Central banking authority. The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act 1935. As it is evident that most of Indian population resides in rural areas therefore banking sector had to make a number of reforms in its working in order to survive for its existence. As from the origin of banking sector in India, continuously growth is quite evident. Nowadays Indian banking system is working very efficiently in the country. In this paper, an attempt has been made to know the history and growth of banking sector by dwelling upon its growth in various phases. This paper is a small contribution to the existing vast knowledge of banking industry and will be useful for bankers, Industrialist, policy maker and researchers. Keywords: Nationalization Movement, Liberalization, Banking Structure in India, Government policy, Growth of Banking, Regulations, RBI & functions, IBA & functions, HRM & retention of employees and customers, social, ethical and environmental aspects.

53-60

Authors: Rojila Puri

ABSTRACT: Some carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV) with general formulae: [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2B]SO4 and [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = nil or Py, (R = M, Et and Pipzcdt = piperazine carbodithioate) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, infrared, solution electronic absorption and proton NMR spectral, and room temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. The oxovanadium (IV) complexes exhibit 1:1 electrolytic nature except [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = Nil or Py) which exhibit non electrolytic nature. A square pyramidal geometry and presence of antiferromagnetic interactions for Zwitterionic and normal carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV), viz. [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2]SO4, [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2]; and octahedral geometry for their pyridine adducts have been proposed. Keywords: Oxovanadium (IV); dithiocarbamate; conductance; magnetic susceptibility.

70-76

Authors: Naseem Zahra

ABSTRACT: Copper is a heavy metal that can harm the human’s body through water if present in excessive amount. The presence of metal in drinking water is of special concern because of its persistence and toxicity. The elimination of copper from water is important to protect public health. Different low cost adsorbents are used to remove copper from water. The strict environmental regulation and enforcement of discharge limits require effective decontamination and purification methods for copper removal. The adsorbents proved to be beneficial because of cost effectiveness. In present review paper, copper contamination, its toxicity and its removal from drinking water using different adsorbents is depicted. Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorbents, Copper Water, Toxic.

99-104

Authors: Aditya Kumar*, Chhavi Mangla**, Ashok Aggarwal*** and Vivek Srivastava****

ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was employed to examine the impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) along with Trichoderma viride on Mentha spicata after 45 and 90 days of inoculation. Soil microbes’ effect on different physiological parameters was determined. The maximum stomatal conductance (morning and evening) was observed in the plants inoculated with G.mosseae plus T.viride after 45 and 90 days (102.3±0.45, 114.0±2.52; 134±2.00, 154.16±0.95). Likewise, higher phosphorus content in root and shoot was reported in inoculated plants over control. The total chlorophyll content was also found to increase in the plants treated with A.laevis (1.628±0.04) and G.mosseae (3.491±0.06) after 45 and 90 days respectively. The finding in the present work concludes that AM fungi along with T.viride influence the concentration of different physiological parameters. Keywords: M.spicata, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, G.mosseae, A.laevis, T.viride.

116-121

Authors: Raj Pal Singh

ABSTRACT: The temperature dependence of bulk modules was given by Q. Liu & Q. He13 using fundamental thermodynamic relations. The assumption in this theory was that volume thermal expansion coefficient is quadratic function of temperature. The new expressions and formulations were also derived by Tallon14. In the present study temperature of elastic constants is based on the combination of above mentioned formulations. A method to estimate the temperature dependence of bulk modules is developed with the approximation that coefficient of volume thermal expansion depends linearly on temperature. This approximation is valid only for small expansions in low temperature range. Keywords: Elastic Constant, Temperature Dependence and Bulk Modulus.

125-129

Authors: Raj Pal Singh

ABSTRACT: Elastic properties of solids are closely related to many fundamental properties such as EOS, thermal expansion, interatomic potentials etc. The relatively strong covalent bonding between the constituents of intermetallic compounds like LiBC, MgB2 and TiB2 gives high Bulk Modulus in the range 150-220 GPa at high melting point nearly 3000K. This behaviour makes these compounds very interesting for studies under high pressure and high temperature. In the present study, pressure-volume relationship at different temperatures for three intermetallic compounds is given. For the low compressions the increase in pressure is low but the rate of increase of pressure increases faster as we approach the high compression region. At higher temperature, the bulk modulus decreases and, therefore, the pressure required for producing same amount of compression becomes less and less. Keywords: Intermetallic compounds, pressure, Bulk Modulus, Isotherm, parameter.

1-9

Authors: Altaf Khan*, Parveen Sankhyan** and Suresh Kumar***

ABSTRACT: Edible vegetable oils are the chief source of nutritionally required fatty acids in human diet. Mustard oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, coconut oil and groundnut oil are among the edible vegetable oils mostly consumed in India. However, none of these oils alone provide many of the lipid soluble nutrients as per the recommendation of health agencies. Mustard oil is considered to be an oil that has low saturated fat as compared to other cooking oils. It is basically consist of oleic acid, erucic acid and linoleic acid. It is also loaded with essential vitamins. Mammalian cells have evolved to de-saturate and elongate α-linolenic acid (ALNA), an omega-3 fatty acid, into eicosapentanoic acid (ω-3) and the longer docosahexanoic acid (ω-3) when the ω-6/ω-3 ratio is low. Excess ω-6 fatty acids in diet saturate the enzymes and prevent the conversion of ALNA into longer forms. The optimal ω– 6/ω-3 ratios that have been estimated to be 2:1 to 3:1 are about four times lower than the current intake. Health agencies, therefore, recommend that human diet should contain more ω-3 fatty acids. Further, studies on the fatty acid composition of oils claiming health benefits have shown that these oils contain lower amount of saturated fatty acids as compared to the unsaturated fatty acids. In the present study, the samples were analyzed for fatty acids, free fatty acids, and peroxide value, iodine number, saponification number were determined according to the standard procedures. Keywords: Mustard; Brassica campestris; omega-3 fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid; Chromatography: saponification.

19-25

Authors: S. K. Upadhyaya* AnuShri Gupta** and Kamal Kishore***

ABSTRACT: Ultrasonic studies of cerium and thorium palmitate in benzene methanol mixture were used to determine the CMC , soap solvent interaction and various acoustic parameters, inter-molecular free-length, adiabatic compressibility, apparent molar compressibility, specific acoustic impedance, molar sound velocity, solvation number, available volume and relative association at different temperatures. The results showed that these soaps behave as weak electrolytes in dilute solutions and the values of the CMC increase with the increasing temperature. Keywords: Critical micellar concentration; Ultrasonic velocity; Acoustic parameters; Soap-solvent interactions.

30-39

Authors: S. K. Rana* and P. K. Sharma**

ABSTRACT: Wave motion in an infinite transversely isotropic, thermoelastic plate in the context of conventional coupled thermoelasticity (CT), Lord-Shulman (LS) and Green-Lindsay (GL) theories of generalized thermoelasticity has been studied by using Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The expressions for displacement components and temperature are derived. Finally, the numerical solution is carried out for transversely isotropic plate. The dispersion curves of displacements with thickness and time are presented graphically for coupled and generalized theories of thermoelasticity. Keywords: Thermal Relaxation; Transversely Isotropic; HPM.

45-50

Authors: Reena Sharma

ABSTRACT: The complex [VO(γ-C3H8NCONHO)2] (I) has been synthesized by the reaction of VOSO4.5H2O with bimolar amounts of potassium-γ-aminobutyrohydroxamate (Kγ-ABH) in methanol and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance and IR and ESR spectral. The molecular modeling dynamics of the complex suggest a square pyramidal geometry around vanadium. The antimicrobial activities of the newly synthesized complex and respective potassium hydroxamate ligand have been screened in vitro against six bacterial strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae Salmonella typhi. and S. paratyphi and three fungal strains viz. A. niger, B. fulva and M. circinelloides has been assayed by MIC method. The complex has improved antimicrobial activity compared to free ligand. Keywords: Potassium-γ-aminobutyrohydroxamate; bis(γ-aminobutyrohydroxamate) oxovanadium(IV); spectroscopic studies; antimicrobial activity.

58-61

Authors: J.S. Chauhan*, Anita Dixit** and D. K. Gupta***

ABSTRACT: The natural plant product used as a medicine namely marigold were tested as corrosion inhibitor of Zn in 0.5M of HCl. The Cyclic-Voltameter, potentiometry technique data suggested that the inhibition efficiency increases with the concentration of extract. The inhibition efficiency of inhibitor interpreted as adsorption on metal surface. Keywords: Cyclic-Voltammeter; alloy; Potentiometry.

79-86

Authors: H.P. Singh*, M.R. Sharma**, Quamrul Hassan***and Naved Ahsan****

ABSTRACT: A Case study was made to assess the performance of irrigation water management of Lift Irrigation Scheme Sirsa Manjholi in Solan area of Shivalik Himalayas. The study was carried out from June 2010 to June 2011. The study has pointed out that the physical performance of lift irrigation scheme is poor. The construction of this scheme has not resulted in any change in cropping pattern of the command area. There are no permanent diversion head works to divert the river water. The water level of the river is going down day by day due to rampant mining of the river bed material. The Krishak Vikas Sangh is non-functional and there is little involvement of farmers in water management of the scheme. The water charges are a very low and that too are not being collected. Keywords: Irrigation water management; Shivalik area; Sirsa Manjholi; Krishak Vikas Sangh.

93-104

Authors: Ashok Kumar Bansal* and Lekh Raj Verma**

ABSTRACT: This study was oriented to identify the relationship between job satisfaction and its various variables (which are pay, promotion, the work itself, supervision, & co-workers etc.) among managers working in Pharmaceutical Industry in Himachal Pradesh. The study was conducted among 281 respondents. This study has two objectives that to determine the relationship between socio-economic variables and job satisfaction and to study the impact of organizational variables on job satisfaction. The study revealed that there was no significant relationship between socio-economic variables and job satisfaction of individuals. Whereas it was also revealed that there was a positive relationship between job satisfaction and its organizational variables which were promotion, work itself, supervision and co-workers, pay etc. It proved that job satisfaction (pay, promotion, work itself, supervision and co-workers) can contribute to increase the job satisfaction of individuals in the organization. Keywords: Job satisfaction; socio-economic variables; organizational variables; Pharmaceutical Industry.