Izvestiya Vuzov. Prikladnaya Khimiya i Biotekhnologiya

9-16

Authors: M.N. Ustinova, O.E. Lebedeva, V.I. Kurdupova

The destruction kinetics of benzoic acid and its two derivative pharmaceutical preparations, furosemide and repaglinide, were studied in UV irradiated aqueous solution. The photodestruction of these preparations in the presence of hydrogen peroxide vari-ous concentrations was also studied. Out of all the studied reagents, the active substance of furosemide, 5-aminosulfonyl-4-chloro-2- (2-furanylmethyl) aminobenzoic acid was found to be the most susceptible to photodestruction. Conversely, repaglinide is highly resistant to photolysis, while the introduction of hydrogen peroxide slightly increases the destructive efficiency. The UVirradiation method can be used to destroy some medications based on benzoic acid derivatives

31-38

Authors: D.V. Lygdenov, E.V. Sordonova, S.D. Zhamsaranova

The lack of microelements and the development of hypo-microelementoses lead to suppression of the antioxidant system, represented by enzymatic and non-enzymatic components and intensification of oxidative stress. In particular, during the dysfunction of the thyroid gland caused by lack of iodine intake, the level of lipid peroxidation products and the intensity of formation of reactive oxygen species changes and an imbalance in the pro- and anti-oxidant system occurs. In this work, pro- and antioxidant systems of the animal organism in conditions of iodine deficiency under experimental hypothyroidism and subsequent correction with organic forms of iodine and zinc were studied. The state of the antioxidant system of the experimental animals was assessed by the amount of reduced glutathione, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the totalcontent of antioxidants in serum. The degree of development of oxidative processes in the body was assessed by the accumulation of malonic dialdehyde. In experiments involving 30 non-native white male rats, it was found that experimental hypothyroidism (25 mg / kg of tyrosol for 14 days) caused an intensification of the processes of peroxidation and inhibition of both the enzyme and non-enzyme links of the antioxidant system. The introduction of the investigated microelement organic forms restored not only the level of thyroid hormones, but also inhibited the processes of lipid peroxidation, while restoring the activity and level of enzyme and non-enzyme antioxidants

102-107

Authors: T.A. Kirdey

Phytoremediation is a promising technology for cleaning soil and water from toxic heavy metals. It is known that humic substances possess the capability of increasing the intensity of metal absorption by plants. In this connection, the effect of humic preparation from peat on the accumulation of lead by wheat plants was studied for lead nitrate concentrations increasing up to 500 μM / l in a model vegetation experiment in aquatic culture. A significant increase in the accumulation of lead in wheat shoots (above 1000 mg / kg) was established under the progressive action of lead nitrate in comparison with the pronounced effect, indicating the possibility of using wheat as a phytoremediant. Humic preparation strengthened the phytoremediation properties of wheat, estimated by the coefficient of biological absorption: up to 5.4 times with a pronounced effect and up to 2.6 times at a gradual level, which confirms the possibility of using humic substances as phytoextraction effector.

122-125

Authors: E.V. Verkhoturova, V.K. Gaida

Modelling of the process of subcritical autohydrolysis of wheat straw for optimising the conditions for the maximum yield of sugars was carried out. As a result of the correlation analysis, it is established that the processing time has the most pronounced effect on the yield of sugars. A mathematical model of the process is found and optimal conditions are established: temperature - 200 ° C, pressure - 30 MPa and duration - 60 minutes