Izvestiya Vuzov. Prikladnaya Khimiya i Biotekhnologiya

27-38

Authors: A.K. Martusevich, A.A. Martusevich, R.L. Vesnin, A.A. Alalykin

The aim is a comprehensive study of the products created by the Airnergy Professional Plus generator. Two series of experiments were carried out to clarify the composition of the gas phase generated by the Airnergy device, as well as its effect on pH, oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen concentration in distilled water with 0.9% sodium chloride solution during bubbling with the investigated gas flow. The results of the gas flow analysis have confirmed the presence of a modification of the air flow by the generator and the formation of intermediate and final products of radical reactions initiated by the synthesis of singlet oxygen in the stream itself. On the basis of the analysis of a number of physicochemical parameters, experiments on liquids indicated that the ozone and singlet-oxygen mixtures do not have the same effect on these media, which indirectly indicates significant differences in their component composition and oxidative potential

46-53

Authors: M.A. DZHAKASHEVA*, B.SH. KEDELBAEV*, P. LIBERZEIT

A study into the effect of a new enzyme preparation Pectinol F-RKM 0719, used in the production of red table wines dur-ing maceration, was carried out. The investigated enzyme prepa-ration Pectinol F-RKM 0719 was previously isolated from the cul-ture liquid of the Aspergillus awamori F-RKM 0719 strain, ob-tained through multistage selection and mutagenesis at the De-partment of Biotechnology of the South Kazakhstan State Univer-sity named after M. Auezov. As a result of the development of a combined method of purification and isolation of a pectolytic en-zyme preparation, a preparation with a higher polygalacturonase activity was obtained having a sufficiently high yield of the desired product. The method is based on the sequential removal of individual groups of inactive impurities from the enzyme solutions using activated carbon and anion exchange resin. The use of hy-droxyapatite allows the activation of pectinases to be achieved by removing low molecular proteins. The absence of pectin substanc-es and carbohydrates makes it possible to use it in winemaking to clarify the best varieties of wine and remove the wine stone, which consists of the pectic substances of grape juice. The use of a new enzyme preparation in the process of maceration contributes to increasing the yield of mash from grape pulp, facilitating the pulp pressing and clarification of wine materials by reducing the vis-cosities and suspensions of the mash, as well as increasing the ex-traction of phenolic and colouring substances. The efficiency of enzymatic catalysis in the production of red table wines is demon-strated.

60-74

Authors: A.A. Sikachina*, S.M. Beloglazov*, L.K. Yagunova

The process of adsorption of organic nitrogen-containing and phosphorus-containing compounds into iron atoms, which amounts to 97% in St3 steel, is described. The adsorption process was modelled using the HyperChem 8.0.7 quantum chemical package using the semi-empirical ZINDO / 1 and two molecular mechanics methods to optimise the geometry. It was found that this approach accurately reflects the process of protecting steel from corrosion with microbiological content by chemisorption of an organic compound on the metal surface to form a complex ad-duct. In the course of the study, charges were obtained and ana-lysed according to heteroatoms, the charge density (averaged per iron atom), the composition of the resulting compounds and energy diagrams of the adsorption complex-adduct formation on the basis of the studied molecule.

84-91

Authors: L.V. Plotnikova, A.P. Nechiporenko, S.M. Orehova, M.V. Uspenskaya, P.P. Plotnikov, A.L. Ishevskiy

A comparative study of the effect of successive aqueous, salt and alkaline extractions on the spectral characteristics of the surface of ground pork muscle tissue and its main components was per-formed using attenuated total reflectance IR spectroscopy (ATR - IR) and electron spectroscopy of diffuse reflectance (ESDR). It is shown that, unlike IR spectroscopy, which is a method of group analysis of functional groups, the ESDR method makes it possible to test the component composition of complex biomaterials – proteins, lipids, carbohydrates. The high resolution, sensitivity and informativity of the method are determined by the discreteness of electron excitation energies of oxygen lone pairs present in carbonyl groups. These carbonyl groups are found in almost all materials of biologic tissue components, although belonging to their different types – sarcoplasm, muscle fibre as well as stroma and its proteins.

99-109

Authors: А.Sh.Теvfik, I.V. Mitrofanova

The aim of the study was to investigate means of morphogenesis and explant regeneration characteristics in in vitro culture and to develop biotechnological methods for micropropagation and conservation of promising garden varieties of Canna. The experiments were conducted in the plant biotechnology and virology laboratory of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, National Centre of Science. For the induction of adventitious shoot development of explants, a Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium was used having 30 g / l of sucrose, 10 g / l of agar-agar with BAP and TDZ growth regulators. For the in vitro deposition, explants (vegetative buds and meristemoids) were placed on a modified MS medium having 60 g / l of sucrose and 0.2-0.4 g / l of CCС. The culture vessels with explants were transferred to cooling chambers with a low positive temperature (2-6 ° C) and an illumination of 0.1-0.5 klx. It was found that for active adventitious shoot formation during cultivation of Dar Vostoka and Suevia explant varieties, it is necessary to add 1.27 mg / l of TDZ to the MS nutrient medium, and 1.91 mg / l of TDZ for the Livadia variety. It is shown that for the deposition of meristemoids of Dar Vostoka, Livadia and Suevia varieties, the nutrient medium of ½ MS with 0.15-0.25 g / l of CCC is optimal; for adventitious shoots of the Suevia variety, the optimal nutrient was ½ MS with 0.2 g / l of CCC