Vestnik of Vitebsk State Technological University

12-20

Authors: Natalya Bodyalo, Natalya Ulyanava

The object of research is the thread joint of knitted fabrics, made on lockstitch sewing machines for shuttle stitch. The aim of this work is to determine the criteria that affect the quality of the thread joints of knitted fabrics. As a result of the work, the process of formation of shuttle stitches during the grinding of dense knitted fabrics is considered in detail. The criteria influencing quality of thread joints of knitted cloths are determined. The condition of high-quality loop formation without skipping stitches in the processing of dense knitted fabrics on universal grinding machines is established. It is determined that the quality of looping depends on the coefficient of friction of the sewing thread on the material and on the needle, i.e. on the properties of rubbing surfaces, as well as the area of contact of the thread with the surface of the material and the needle. The value is calculated which should not exceed the area of contact of the thread with the needle when stitching polyamide knitted fabrics with polyamide sewing threads to ensure quality looping. The field of application of the results is light industry.

28-33

Authors: Vasiliy Dryukov, Alexej Kotow, Sergey Kuzmenkov

The research object is the cooling of polymeric materials in additive technologies. The purpose of the work is the study of the cooling of polymeric materials while blowing a solidification zone in 3d-printer with air flow through a cooling nozzle. As a result of the calculations performed according to the proposed methodology, it was demonstrated that blowing the zone of solidification of polymeric materials by air flow through the cooling nozzle allows for a flow rate of w = 8.5 m/s to reduce the cooling time of the material by almost 2 times, which, in turn, enables to increase printing performance. In addition, cooling with a strictly directed air flow through the nozzle eliminates the need for thermal protection of the print head of a 3d-printer that occurs when blowing fans are used.

44-51

Authors: Alexej Marushchak, Sergey Zhernosek, Valery Alshanski

The results of the experiments of the drying process are presented, the influence of the regime parameters of processing under the influence of acoustic vibrations of the ultrasonic range on the strength properties of textile materials is detected, which can be used in the development of practical recommendations to improve the strength properties of products. It is determined that in the drying processes there is a "threshold" value of the emitter power, which provides maximum strength for a particular material during processing. When this value is exceeded, the strength of the samples begins to decrease, which indicates damage to the microfibers of the material. Results of researches and processing of experimental data are shown in the form of empirical equations and graphs which can be used in engineering practice at a choice of modes of ultrasonic heat treatment and drying.

62-75

Authors: Anastasia Radyuk, Vilia Borozna, Alexander Burkin, Victor Shapovalov, Sergey Zotov, Konstantin Ovchinnikov

Polyurethanes are widely used in the production of plantar materials. This generates a significant amount of waste. This article describes the development of technology of porous materials production, investigation of their properties and quality assessment. The results of the work allow us to recommend materials for the manufacture of soles of men's and women's casual shoes for the spring-autumn period.

89-96

Authors: Mikalai Matveika, Alla Braikova, Natalia Cirkunova

The aim of the work is to determine the concentration of heavy metals migration Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg in bidistillated water (bidistillate) from cardboard and paper samples of school notebooks of different manufacturers. The amount of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg migrating into bidistilled water from cardboard and paper samples of school notebooks was determined by the method of stripping voltammetry. It is detected that Zn, Pb and Cu migrate from 12 studied samples to bidistilled water, while Cd migrates from 5 samples, and Hg – from ten samples of cardboard and paper of school notebooks. The maximum permissible migration concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, according to TR CU 007/2011, are not exceeded in any studied sample of cardboard and paper school notebooks. The largest total migration of heavy metals was 215.6 mg/kg or 0.379 μg from 1 sheet, and the smallest – 24.54 mg/kg or 0.177 μg from 1 sheet of the cardboard cover of the notebook.

104-114

Authors: Anton Borowski

The study includes an analysis of the legislative framework of the EAEU member countries in the field of taxation, the main aspects of the functioning of their tax systems, as well as statistics on the dynamics of tax revenues, conducted to determine the level of harmonization of the tax legislation of the Republic of Belarus with the EAEU member countries. Systematization of the available data made it possible to draw a conclusion about the general level of harmonization of tax legislation within the framework of the economic union, as well as to assess the degree of approximation of the tax system of Belarus with other countries. In the context of the assessment, the average weighted rates of the main types of direct and indirect taxes were additionally determined, which allowed not only to assess the level of harmonization, but also to trace the directions of possible changes in the level of tax rates in the process of integration of economic systems, as well as the consequences of such changes for the country’s budget.

130-157

Authors: Svetlana Goryacheva

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to form a positive balance of foreign trade activity of the Republic of Belarus. The main task is to achieve the excess of exports over imports by type of economic activity in the context of goods and services, regions and strategic partners. It is necessary to reduce the negative balance of foreign trade in goods over the years and increase the share of goods and services with a positive balance. Given the favorable geographical location of the Republic of Belarus and the fact that it is a transit state through which a large number of material flows are imported and exported, the formation of logistics supply chains of goods takes place, there is a great need to increase transport and logistics services. The object of research is foreign trade and the logistics market of the Republic of Belarus, the economic policy of the state, which determines their role and relationships. The aim of the study is a comprehensive, systematic analysis of the main trends in the development of foreign trade of the Republic of Belarus, emerging problems of export and logistics efficiency, the formation of the role of logistics in increasing the export potential of the state and the development of ways to increase it. The scientific novelty of the study: on the basis of official statistical information, an assessment is made of the economic efficiency of exports, the possibilities of logistics in increasing the export of goods and services of the Republic of Belarus are shown, problems are identified and directions for increasing it are developed. In the author’s opinion, the insufficient effectiveness of the participation of logistics in increasing the export of goods and services is due to the lack of regional centers for the formation and management of logistics chains for the supply of goods and services to foreign sales markets.

171-181

Authors: Olga Sovetnikova

The article analyzes the ICT sector in the Eastern partnership countries and identifies the factors influencing the development of the Internet economy. The rating of the e-government of the Eastern partnership countries was assessed; the main trends in the development of the startup industry were considered; recommendations for the development of the ICT sector for the Eastern partnership countries were developed.