Ciencia e Innovación en Salud

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Authors: Leyla Kuzmar, Jaime Jordan

Background: Very few case reports of ectopic cervical pregnancy with clear photos are available in the scientific world literature. Is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality with a pregnancy-related mortality. Cervical pregnancy is more common in pregnancies achieved after assisted reproductive technologies; it occurs in 0.1% of in vitro fertilization pregnancies. The potential morbidity demonstrates the importance of early diagnosis of a cervical ectopic so as early intervention and treatment may be employed. The most common symptom of cervical pregnancy is vaginal bleeding, which is often painless.Case report: A 39 year old woman, G4 P2 C1 A0 L3, two spontaneous vaginal deliveries and last child birth by caesarean section + Pomeroy 15 years back, who underwent three embryo transfer 6.1 weeks ago; referred to the obstetric emergency department with 8 days increasing colic abdominal pain with some vaginal bleeding. Discussion: This is an interesting case report with few bleeding and increasing colic abdominal pain that did not answer to methrotexate and required a hysterectomy as the most viable solution.

11

Authors: Írides Chaverra Mendoza ,Anderson Ayala

Introducción: Chikungunya es un virus que ha ocasionado muchos brotes infecciosos a nivel mundial convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública. Comparte varias similitudes con el virus del Dengue, son transmitidos por el mismo vector que es un mosquito del género Aedes, se encuentran en zonas tropicales y subtropicales y presentan la misma sintomatología clínica en la fase aguda de la enfermedad, lo que dificulta su diagnóstico clínico.Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de los métodos diagnósticos del virus a partir de la literatura mundial en buscadores de base de datos y revistas indexadasDiscusión: Entre los resultados se puede decir que de todas las técnicas inmunológicas los formatos de MAC ELISA para detección de anticuerpos y los ELISA para detección de antígenos muestran resultados confiables para la identificación del virus,con respecto a las pruebas moleculares se puede afirmar que son técnicas altamente sensibles y específicas, con múltiples ventajas sobre las técnicas inmunológicas ya que pueden detectar y cuantificar ambos virus en forma simultánea.Conclusión: Las mejores técnicas son las pruebas moleculares, pero es muy costosa para la mayoría de los laboratorios, por tanto, se recomienda el uso de ensayos de ELISA basados en detección de antígenos debido a que son específicos, sensibles y pueden detectar al virus en la fase aguda de la enfermedad.

6

Authors: Adolfo Álvarez, Carlos Gallón, & Ornella Ruiz

Introducción: Las alteraciones del ciclo de la urea, constituyen aproximadamente el 50%de las hiperamonemias neonatales graves. Dichos trastornos son consecuencia del déficitde alguna de las enzimas que participan en el ciclo. El pronóstico dependerá del grado dedeficiencia enzimática, así como del oportuno abordaje diagnóstico y la precocidad deltratamiento.Caso clínico: Neonato que debuta con crisis neonatales de difícil manejo, asociado ahiperamonemia, lo cual permitió sospechar error innato del metabolismo, específicamentetrastorno del ciclo de la urea. Se inició un tratamiento oportuno, con control desintomatología y evolución clínica favorable.Discusión: Los trastornos del ciclo de la urea hacen parte de los errores innatos en ladestoxificación del amoníaco o la síntesis de arginina, secundarios a los defectos en lasenzimas que participan en este ciclo. Las manifestaciones clínicas son secundarias a elevados niveles de amonio sérico. El tratamiento se compone de fase aguda y crónica.

7

Authors: Irina Suley Tirado, José Fernando Sequeda, Karen Lucía Paternina y Andrea Carolina Zárate

Background: Craniosynostosis consists of partial or total premature closure of one or more cranial sutures; and in the context of primary craniosynostosis, scaphocephaly or sagittal craniosynostosis is the most frequent and known form. Case report: A 6-month and 7-day-old male infant with a diagnosis of scaphochyma was described at the Napoleón Franco ParejaChildren´s Hospital (HINFP) in Cartagena- Colombia. The patient seemed to be asymptomatic at the time of the consultation and the diagnosis was made with suggestive findings during the physical examination, taking into account the head morphology and the performance of a computerized axial tomography of the skull. Discussion: Craniosynostosis presents with different clinical findings, depending on the extent and number of fused sutures. These range from aesthetic alterations to functional symptoms, such as increased cranial pressure, hydrocephalus, visual impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders. The treatment of craniosynostosis is surgical. This should be done early, before the 12 months of age, in order to decompress and reshape the skull, as well as to decrease endocranial pressure preventingpatient´s vital development problems.

19

Authors: Kuzmar, I. and Montoya, V.

In recent years there has been a radical change in institutions of higher education. The number of students has increased, the competition in delivering quality programs is a demand required by the market environment. With the passage of time, new academic degrees have appeared that are linked together by an increasingly technological society. Globalization and democratic access to education and the experiences of international academics of many students require the standardization of their academic qualifications. The following academic degrees are abbreviated in bylines and in the text when used with the full name of a person. Degrees below the master’s level are generally not listed in bylines or elsewhere. If the bachelor ́s degree is the highest degree held, it may be listed. Exceptions are also made for specialized degrees, licenses, certifications, and credentials below the master’s level in medical and health-related fields. Any unusual degrees should be verified with the author. Unusual degrees should always be checked with the person. There are different categories of academic degrees for post-secondary students, mainly associate or technical bachelor or professional, specialist, subspecialist, master's and doctorate. To get one of these degrees can take between 1-8 years, depending on the degree level and the field of study.