Socrates Almanac

1

Authors: Nur-Akhmet Dosmukhamet

The paper deals with the topical issues of national building and state authority. In this essay highlights of forming nation as the largest communications have been analyzed.

2

Authors: Elena Pristupa

The term "International Social Work" is used in theory and practical experience in the UK, and other European countries are also active in the scientific methodology of domestic social work. Through the work of American researchers J. Midgley, S. K. Khinduka, M. S. Hokenstad it is noted that the term "international social work" was used in the early forties. Lynne M. Healy (Lynne M. Healy, Centre for social studies of International work, University of Connecticut School of social work, USA) gives the following definition: "International Social Work is a set of international professional activities in four areas: internal practice consistent with international standards; professional exchange, practice at the international level, as well as international policies on social development and the protection of the consumer".

2

Authors: Ann Zhabina

Indicators of transport work determine preferences and characteristics of various modes of transport. Some activities characterize transport possibilities, others allow consumers to evaluate and select the most appropriate alternative transport service.

2

Authors: Agasiyev, Abil Rzakulu ogly

The paper presents effectiveness of sanatorium-and-spa care for patients with arthropathies to the extent of its standard with addition of naftalan application and darsonvalization under conditions of the specialized sanatorium institution. The role and the place of the standard of sanatorium-and-spa care for patients with arthropathies are shown. Significant difference in frequency of use of some methods of intervention (radon baths, sinusoidal modulated current, ultrasound, low-frequency laser radiation, naftalan application, etc.) is revealed in groups of patients with positive and negative treatment outcomes.

2

Authors: Evdokiya Kholostova

Social Work in Russian Society is going through a complicated yet interesting period. Firstly, the celebration of the 25th Anniversary of official introduction of social work profession. Secondly, from retrospective point of view, we recognize different forms of state, community and individual social support which can be traced during last millennium. Thirdly, social work passes the large-scale comprehensive transformation, aimed to change the social service system in general, as well as the social service practice and contribution of each social worker.

3

Authors: Dr. Kishor Kumar Tripathy, Mrs. Charu Tripathy

This paper reviews evolution of culture in urban regeneration. Following a brief assessment of strategies the paper studies safeguarding and conservation policies of Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage which may be used as a powerful tool for urban development. The paper examines UNESCO recommendation on sustainable urban development and conservation, Safeguarding of Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage and focuses on Historic, Community, Culture and Design in Urban Development. The paper ends with a reflection on the impact of Culture on Economic Development of urban cities and offers recommendations for dialogue, social inclusion and Culture of Peace in urban space.

4

Authors: Dr. Kishor Kumar Tripathy

Multiculturalism is the set of values, structures, and practices held in common by a group of people, it is also often used to mean an environment which differences among communities and groups are recognized, respected and valued. Multiculturalism goes beyond being aware of differences in culture and being sensitive to them, respects and value diversity. It creates the environment demonstratine the capacity, knowledge, understanding and skills to communicate effectively with culturally diverse people- “Understandably, multiculturalism as a search for democratic public policy responses to cultural and ethnic diversity in certain countries is of prime interest to UNESCO, in so far as it embodies the ideal of reconciling respect for diversity with concerns for societal cohesion and the promotion of universally shared values and norms.” (Christine Inglis-‘Multiculturalism: New Policy Responses to Diversity’). Multiculturalism is a policy which is response for copying with cultural and social diversity in society. Multiculturalism is the systematic and comprehensive response to cultural and ethnic diversity which also covers educational, linguistic, economic and social components. It helps to communicate and interact effectively and positively with diverse individuals, cultural practice and beliefs in a diverse society. The feature of multiculturalism is to address issues of diversity and it flourishes democracy, tolerance,social justice, Peace and mutual respect between peoples and cultures. The moral teachings, beliefs, practices, manners and moreover the humanistic approach of culture contained in the teachings of diverse cultural practices are the essential factors for the establishment of universal peace and harmony. Multiculturalism in the twenty-first century is a positive approach which aims to create a better world based on unity in diversity, peace, harmony and co-operation. It has a definite role to build a bridge between the world cultures in twenty-first century.

6

Authors: Rafael B. Huseynov

Plutarch’s “Selective Lives” informs us on the play and theatre culture of our grand-parents 2300 years ago. It was not a coincidence that great Azerbaijani philosopher and poet Nizami Ganjavi had chosen the Greek character – Alexander the Great (356-323 BC) as a leading role in one of his prominent works. Though he lived 33 years, it is impossible not to admire Alexander the Great’s life-story, steps and while reviewing the history Alexander is shining in its pages as a phenomenon. Alexander the Great ordered to burn “Avesta” not because he was a barbarian, but because he knew the real strength and power of the book.