Nativa - Pesquisas Agrárias e Ambientais

05-08

Authors: Wagner César Farias, Francisco Mickael Medeiros Câmara, Francisco Sidene Oliveira Silva, Vander Mendonça, Gustavo Alves Pereira, Grazianny Andrade Leite

The winter pruning allows the harvest of fruit quality in times desired by the producer and is economically viable, because it can allow the harvest precisely in periods of reduced supply in the market. Its implementation can also be programmed in order to better distribute the cultivation of the orchard and to bringing more flexibility in marketing. The experiment was conducted in the didactic orchard of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA), from April 2013 to December 2014, in the municipality of Mossoró, RN, Brazil, arranged in randomized blocks, with treatments distributed in split plots , which were composed by pruning times, conducted in April (2013), November (2013) and July (2014); and subplots by different pruning fruit (short, medium and long); with four replications, where the experimental unit consisted of two plants that were pruned and had 8 branches marked with colored ribbons. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of the fruits of guava “Paluma” subjected to different times and pruning intensities in Mossoró, RN. Evaluated: firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and pH. The quality attributes evaluated in this work present variations according to the pruning times found, except for firmness. The quality attributes evaluated in this work as soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, present variations as the pruning times evaluated except for firmness. The best pruning was the long, being the best time of realization of prunings were the months of November and July.

16-23

Authors: Emanuel França Araújo, Adriano Saraiva Aguiar, Adriana Miranda de Santana Arauco, Elzimar de Oliveira Gonçalves, Karla Nayara Santos de Almeida

The use and recovery of organic waste as a primary source of nutrients can contribute to reducing dependence on inputs, as well as a sustainable destination for these materials. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic waste as a substrate in the growth and quality of Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse nursery with 50% shade, the Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus, Piauí State, Brazil. Three organic residues were tested (organic compound, agro-residue extraction of carnauba wax and vegetable charcoal powder) and five ratios of waste and soil (0: 100, 20:80; 40:60; 60:40; 80:20 v/v) without the addition of mineral fertilizers, arranged in a completely randomized design in factorial 3x5, with six replications. At 52 days after sowing, the seedlings were collected to determine the morphological variables, their relationships and quality index Dickson (IQD). There was interaction between organic waste and their proportions for the variables: height (H), diameter (DC), H / DC, leaf number (NF), dry matter of the aerial part (MSPA), total dry matter (MST) and Quality Index of Dickson (IQD). As a result the carnauba straw and compost were the substrates that provided the greatest growth and quality of Schizolobium amazonicum seedlings. Based on the MST, most explicability variable by principal component analysis (PCA), the most appropriate ratios are 80:20 (composed: soil) and 53:47 (bagana: soil), aimed at producing paricá seedlings.

31-36

Authors: Sabrina Paiva Conceição Paiva Conceição, João Ricardo Vasconcellos Gama, Raimunda Nonata Monteiro, Raimundo José Siqueira Ferreira, Peterson Silva de Sousa

In the state of Pará there is a data deficiency for the many non-timber forest products of local or regional market value, including the Caryocar villosum. This study aimed to describe the production chain C. villosum in the municipality of Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied. The survey was conducted from April 2015 to May 2016, based on the 2015 crop year, with 15 traders and 30 extractive families. They identified the main components of the production chain and elaborate flowchart. To analyze the different gains in the supply chain links, it used the concept of marketing margin. It was possible to identify four actors in the production chain of C. villosum in Santarém: extraction; extractive benefactor-dealer; extractive-merchant and trader. Those from the C. villosum products consumed in the municipality of Santarém come from the extraction and labor is familiar. The extractive selling the fruit to the consumer is what had the highest profit margin. In the municipality of Santarem there is a high market demand for the fruits of C. villosum.

42-46

Authors: Jeandson da Silva Carneiro, Roberta Martins Nogueira, Evaldo Martins Pires, Denia Mendes de Souza Valladão

The Brazil nut plant (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) is native from Amazonia region. The nuts are extensively used as food and in cosmetic industries. During its processing, one of the most important parameters to be determined is its water content, which is critical to drying and storage steps. Thus, the objective on this study was to verify the accuracy of the method of oven at 105 °C to 24 h on water content measurement for Brazil nuts, in comparison to water content levels determined by Karl Fisher titration. It was verified that applying oven at 105 °C to 24 h to determine water content of Brazil nuts is not adequate, once the results were higher than those obtained from Karl Fisher titration. The samples submitted to oven showed high peroxide value, indicating its oxidation and consequent formation of volatile secondary compounds, which could be the reason to overestimation of water content determined.

52-58

Authors: Diogo Guido Streck Vendruscolo, Arthur Guilherme Schirmbeck Chaves, Reginaldo Antonio Medeiros, Raiane Scandiane da Silva, Hudson Santos Souza, Ronaldo Drescher, Hélio Garcia Leite

The aim of this study was to evaluate the modeling regression and artificial neural networks to estimate the total of teak trees in different spacings in Cáceres, MT, Brazil. The database was derived from the measurement of dbh by forest census. Subsequently, these were grouped into classes of diameter, with an amplitude of 5 cm. Was measured the overall height (h) of 20% of subjects in each spacing, and diameter class. To estimate the total height per regression were used nonlinear and linear models, while for the estimated by artificial neural networks of the type were tested Multilayer Perceptron. In regression modeling, the non-linear models were superior to linear, highlighting the Gompertz model. Both techniques were efficient for estimates the total teak height, however, through the modeling for artificial neural network, the error values were lower than 10% in all evaluated spacings.

66-72

Authors: José Franklim Chichorro, Tharcia Ribeiro Batista

This study was conducted with the aim of addressing the economic viability of recovery of waste generated in 4 timber companies in Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil. Were analyzed three projects named as: briquetting, animal bed and composting. To quantify the disposal of enterprises heavy bags were filled weekly with the separation between wood shavings and sawdust during the months of April, May and June. The average weight of each bag with wood shavings was 10 kg and 22 kg of sawdust. An economic evaluation of each proposed project was performed by the method of net present value (NPV), with discount rates of 6, 8 and 10%. The results showed that the best project was the animal bed, followed briquette project. The composting VPL was negative, invalidating the project.