INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGES' EDUCATION AND TEACHING

1-17

Authors: Abdulkadir KIRBAŞ

In this study, the effect of the learning together technique, which is one of the cooperative learning methods, on the development of the listening comprehension and listening skills of the secondary school eighth grade students was investigated. Regarding the purpose of the research, experimental and control groups consisting of 75 students from, Yakutiye district Şair Nef'i Secondary School and Palandöken District, Alparslan Secondary School of Erzurum province were selected. Socio-economic statuses and success rates were taken into consideration when selecting the experimental and control groups. 'Listening-Comprehension Achievement Test' was applied to measure the listening skills of the experimental and control groups. In terms of pre-test scores, it was determined that the listening skills of the experiment and control group were similar. The selected experimental groups were taught by the learning together technique of cooperative learning method for seven weeks and the control group was taught in the traditional way. As a result of the research, the 'Listening-Comprehension Achievement Test', which was applied as the pre-test to the experimental and control groups, was applied again as the final test. When the findings obtained from the research were examined, it was determined that the students in the experimental group were more successful than the students in the control group in terms of post - test achievement scores. When the results of the study are examined, it can be said that the learning together technique, which is one of the cooperative learning methods, is more effective than the traditional learning method in improving the listening comprehension and the listening skills of the eighth grade students in Turkish class.

79-89

Authors: Ahmet Zeki GÜVEN

Values, which are defined as beliefs and assumptions enabling human beings to distinguish between good and bad behavior, play an important role in ensuring social cohesion, social unity and continuity and transferring these elements to the next generations. Values play an important role in peoples’ preferences and behavior by influencing their thoughts and feelings. Values education which has been evaluated under the name of moral and character education to the present, has begun to take place in education programs especially in recent years. In Turkey, the Ministry of Education has started to include values education in programs implicitly and recommended teaching of values education in schools by introducing regulations regarding this issue. The purpose of the study is to examine the concept of values in folk songs writyten by Neset Ertas who was the best bard of Turkish folk music. In the study, folk songs, which were included in the first and second Garip Bülbül Neset Ertas books(Poignant Nightingale Neset Ertas) written by Erol Parlak, were examined in terms of values education and the findings were interpreted.

101-123

Authors: Ayşe Nur Kutluca Canbulat - Süleyman Yüce

The aim of this research is to reveal the competence of classroom teachers about managing the first reading and writing instruction process in relation to the school readiness which is considered as an effective factor in the first reading and writing instruction. This study employed a descriptive research method and research data was collected using semi-structured interview questions. The research data were analyzed using content analysis. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Study group is composed of 20 teachers which are selected on the voluntary basis using convenient sampling from 5 different schools in Aksu district in the province of Antalya. Transcribed interviews were coded and related themes were obtained on basis of codes. Participants’ actual names were not revealed and used codes for each participant. According to the findings, it is appeared that; teachers emphasize more physical properties as a condition for learning, reading and writing and while they use the concepts related to the cognitive sphere and pre-school experience, they do not usually relate it with emotional and social development; Teachers explain the causes of the problems encountered in literacy process with the methods used, neglectful family, and the child's age rather than attributing the causes to teachers’ main responsibilities of knowing their students well and organizing appropriate learning activities for them. Teachers associated school readiness mostly with characteristics such as age, height, weight, adaptation to rules and school and whereas teachers stated that maturity can be determined via natural observation, they perceived activities like holding pen, drawing pictures and painting as a physical preparation. They mentioned the positive and negative effects of determining school readiness. Teachers lack information about school readiness concept; they do not arrange activities to determine students’ school readiness; they carry out planned teaching process according to the curriculum but they do not carry out teaching process in line with individual differences and their readiness.

132-148

Authors: Bilge METİN TEKİN - Korkut Uluç Işısağ

With the expansion of communication in the globalised world, translation has gained importance all over the world. Books, articles, magazines have been translated for over years. A new field in translation is song translation. The aim of the study is to analyze translation strategies that are applied in the translation process of songs in Walt Disney’s Animated Musical Movies; namely “Hercules” (1997) and “Frozen” (2013) into Turkish within the framework of Skopos Theory. From each movie, 2 songs were selected. The names of the songs are The Gospel Truth 1 and Zero to Hero from “Hercules”, Love is an Open Door and For the First Time Forever from “Frozen”. The study focuses on the translation strategies based on Peter Low’s strategies (2005); translation, adaptation and replacement. It is a descriptive qualitative research. The result of the study showed that there were 80 verses in “Hercules” and 86 verses in “Frozen”. In addition, from the three translation strategies proposed by Peter Low (2005), the most frequently used translation strategy is “Replacement” in “Hercules”, while it is “Translation” in “Frozen”.

170-181

Authors: Sündüz KASAR - Didem TUNA

Among the literary genres, poetry is the one that resists translation the most. Creating a new and innovative language that breaks the usual rules of the standard language with brand-new uses and meanings is probably one of the most important goals of the poet. Poetry challenges the translator to capture not only original images, exceptional symbolism, and subjective connotations but also its musicality, rhythm, and measure. Faced with this revolutionary use of language, the translator needs a guide so as to not get lost in the labyrinths of the poetic universe. The universe of sound and meaning unique to each language and the incompatibility of these languages with each other makes the duty of the translator seem impossible. At this point, semiotics may function as a guide, opening up the mysteries of the universe built by the poet and giving clues as to how it can be conveyed in the target language. This allows us to suggest the cooperation of semiotics and translation. From this perspective, we aim to present a case study that exemplifies this cooperation. Our corpus comprises Shakespeare’s sonnet 130 and its Turkish and French translations. The study treats the translator as the receiver of the source text and the producer of the target text in the light of the Theory of Instances of Enunciation propounded by Jean-Claude Coquet. Further, through the Systematics of Designificative Tendencies propounded by Sündüz Öztürk Kasar, the study compares the translators’ creations to the original sonnet to see the extent to which the balance of the original text’s meaning and form is preserved in the translations and how skillfully and competently the signs that constitute the universe of meaning are transmitted in the target languages.

211-222

Authors: Erhan AKIN - SEYİTHAN KARA

The aim of this research, the teaching of technical subjects in the Merge-II in the 5th grade word meaning the impact on the academic success of the students is to investigate comparing with the traditional method. Answers to questions prepared for this purpose are required. Research, pretest - posttest control group design was designed in an experimental model. Research, 2016-2017 academic year in the first quarter of Siirt Martyr Ismail ÇELİK Secondary School Teachers in two different branches of the 5th grade was carried out with the participation of 48 students. With a random assignment method 5 / branch of the experimental group, 5 / B branch is designated as the control group.Working as a means of data collection made by the Ministry of Education for grades 5 selected from PYB exam questions consisting of 22 multiple-choice items Meaning of Words Academic Achievement Test (KAABT) expert opinion is based. Merge all processes in the group-II teachers try to control the application of the technique is applied based traditional teaching was conducted by researchers of the group. Applications in the experimental and control groups was completed in 5 weeks. Researchers by the application prior to the experimental and control groups Meaning of Words Academic Achievement Test (KAABT) was applied as pre- and studies have been initiated. Applications and data obtained from the results were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 22.0 program.As a result, the Merge-In the experimental group, the implementation of the technique, there was no significant difference between pretest scores of the control group, the traditional teaching method, but groups in favor of the experimental group in the post-test achievement scores were observed significant differences. 5. Turkish word meaning issues of class teaching Merge II has reached the conclusion that the technique is more effective than traditional teaching methods.

242-254

Authors: Erol DURAN - Betül Sezgin Tufan

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of multiple choice questions and open ended questions on comprehension while evaluating the skills of reading comprehension of fourth grade students. The study group consists of one hundred thirty two, 4th grade students from primary schools in Uşak city center. In this research, the survey model was used. Two different data collection tools are used in this research. First data collection tool consists of twelve exams divided into two groups. First group contains multiple choice questions (two narrative texts, two informative texts). The second group contains open-ended questions. The exam consists of six texts and six paragraphs. As a second data collection tool, we used an interview form with four questions for focus group discussion. Fifteen students chosen with purposeful sampling were asked to answer these four questions and their responses were recorded in written form. The results indicate that the students were more successful in multiple choice exams rather than in exams with open-ended questions. The students take positive attitudes to multiple choice questions because they are used to this kind of questions and they have chance factor to find the right answer. No students have positive attitudes towards open-ended questions. When we compare the results of students on the paragraphs and on the texts, the scores are higher on the paragraphs. As a result of group interview conducted with fifteen students it was found that all the students prefer multiple choice exams to exams with open-ended questions.

267-285

Authors: Esra AKMAN

Abstract Interdisciplinary studies are currently being carried out in every field. However, the Interdisciplinarity in the field of religious sciences began to develop in 2000s. Formerly, the Qur’an’s translations served the Qur’an. Nowadays, though, translation studies help the translation of the Qur’an together with interdisciplinary studies. The theory and methods of translation studies in the West were born and developed by the translation of the Bible (Holy Scripture). Nevertheless, the interdisciplinary relationship between religious studies and translation studies has rarely been mentioned due to the fact that both translation studies was born as a young science in the 90’s and the interdisciplinary studies were developed late in our country. In order to make an accurate translation of the Qur’an, some special knowledge must be acquired apart from religious expertise. It is necessary to carry out both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary studies apart from the expertise of religious studies. In this article, it is touched upon interdisciplinary relationship between translation studies and the science of Tafsir which is one of the Basic Islamic Studies (Sciences).

302-320

Authors: Figen ÖZTEMEL - Mustafa Kurt

This article aims at demonstrating which translation strategies are preferred in order to deal with the translation of culture-specific items in Latife Tekin’s Sevgili Arsız Ölüm (1983) and its English translation entitled Dear Shameless Death (2001). To achieve this primary aim, a comparative analysis is carried out between Sevgili Arsız Ölüm and Dear Shameless Death, translated into English by Saliha Paker and Mel Kenne, and a sample set consisting of 100 conspicuous examples for culture-specific items is created. Subsequently, the culture-specific items in the sample set is classified according to Newmark’s (1988) categorization of culture-specific items. These culture-specific items are assessed according to Venuti’s (1995) domestication and foreignization methods in broad sense. Finally, a common strategy group is created based on Eirlys E. Davies (2003) and Javier Franco Aixelá’s (1996) taxonomies proposed for translation of culture-specific items and the samples are analyzed according to these taxonomies. When the sample group of 100 culture-specific items are analyzed, it has been seen that the translators used both foreignization strategies such as addition, preservation, orthographic adaptation and domestication strategies such as omission, globalization and localization in order to deal with translation of various culture-specific items. The most frequently used strategy among others has been determined to be globalization strategy. In this article, 28 of 100 culture-specific items will be exemplified in order to provide an insight into the study.

333-344

Authors: Gülfidan AYTAŞ

We confront previously with the term “Common Ground” as topic, starting point and strategy of many studies. Also, this term provides the sustainability of communication process and underlies the agreement. We could benefit from the term “Common Ground” in translation area, such as in communication process. Oral translation is an activity which is carried out in order that source discourse addresses to definite masses. For this purpose, in this study is going to be analysed the role of this term in oral translation which is adapted as for “Ortak Zemin Bilgisi”. While the role of OZB in methods during oral translation is investigated, it is going to be dwelled on the benefits of this information to the oral translation phase. In this regard, it will be determined the relationships between OZB and oral translation phase and revealed problems that interpreters encounter in deficiency of OZB.

359-376

Authors: Hatice Kübra KOÇ

As a still popular research area, Language Learning Strategies (LLS) researches need to be enhanced, since it consists of different phenomenon such as age, gender, individual differences and learning environment. At a glance, previous studies in the literature state that most of LLS researches are conducted in just learner-contexts in schools or at universities. Consequently, the use of LLS and LLS preferences of both adults and young learners have been tried to determine via these studies, however the concept of teachers’ own LLS usage and preferences has been ignored by researchers; yet if teachers are aware of their own LLS use, then they can be more helpful for their learners in terms of LLS. Thus, the current study investigates English Language Teaching (ELT) teachers’own language learning strategies in a language teaching and learning context. Since LLS use of young learners has been a growing area, in this study, teachers who have been teaching young learners in public primary and secondary schools are determined as participants. Data is collected from 81 in-service ELT teachers via a questionnaire namely Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) designed by Oxford (1990) and a semi-structured interview which is formed by the researcher’s herself. As a result of the study, LLS usage of in-service ELT teachers are identified as moderate frequency level; additionally, taking Oxford’s (1990) classification as a basis, the mostly used strategy group of ELT teachers is seen as social strategies whereas the least one is affective strategies; moreover, it is indicated that there is no mean difference on the LLS preferences of ELT teachers in terms of their genders, ages and teaching experiences.

394-409

Authors: Hüseyin Arak

In this study we are trying with the help of portfolio in teacher training and the diagnosis of the learning group concerning their skills in translation from German to Turkish, to show the documentation of the learning process. The portfolio provides a good overview about the performance of the students and it also prepares a basis for assessment. A growing self-awareness of students can be achieved through implementing the portfolio-method. The students should collect and reflect the most important materials and practices leading to key terms of the seminar. It is more than an assessment method it is a surrounding of learning. The work with portfolio has an influence on teaching, learning and assessing. As in detail, this is dependent on the aims and other characteristics of the models which take the portfolio work as a basis. The portfolio provides us a big advantage for the support of the cultural reflection. We can observe the process of the growth of knowledge step by step, because the measurement of the development in a determined period allows us either a written work or a Multiple Choice Test. In this sense we can look at the portfolio as an assessment instrument of a process.

421-433

Authors: Jaya Nur Iman

This research was conducted to find out whether or not using short stories significantly improve the speaking and writing achievements. A quasi-experimental study of non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design or comparison group design was used in this research. The population of this research was the all first semester undergraduate students of urban and regional planning study program of Indo Global Mandiri University. Forty students were selected as the sample by using purposive sampling technique in which each group consisted of 20 students, respectively. The treatment was given for 14 meetings. This research was primarily concerned on the quantitative data in the form of the students’ speaking and writing scores. Rubrics were used to measure the students’ speaking and writing achievements. The findings showed that (1) there was a significant improvement in speaking and writing achievements where t-obtained of speaking skill by using rubric was 16.110 (p<0.000) and t-obtained of writing skill by using rubric was 18.291 (p<0.000), (2) there was also a significant mean difference in speaking and writing achievements between the experimental and control groups were 4.533 (p<0.000) and 3.504 (p<0.000), (3) the aspect of speaking and writing skill gave high contribution on the students’ speaking and writing achievements in the experimental group. The highest contribution of speaking skill aspect toward the speaking achievement was fluency. Meanwhile the highest contribution of writing skill aspect toward the writing achievement was vocabulary. Hence, it could be concluded that using short stories significantly improve the students’ speaking and writing achievements.

447-461

Authors: Maria E. Lemus-Hidalgo

The present article drew on a larger interpretivist case study research of the role of teachers’ knowledge and beliefs in their teaching practices. It was constructed with the participation of four teachers that studied the same BA in ELT program and worked in the same state university in Mexico. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the role of learning and teaching experiences in the development of teachers’ knowledge and beliefs and of their implications for language teacher education. Observations, interviews, conversations, class video recordings and teachers’ journals were the methods used for the collection of the data. The case study not only shows that teachers’ knowledge, beliefs and teaching practices inform each other persistently in a dynamic process but also illustrates the significant role that learning and teaching experiences seem to have in the development of teachers’ knowledge and as sources of their beliefs. Teachers’ teaching practices appear to be mainly supported by their experiential knowledge and driven by their core beliefs; beliefs that are grounded in experience. Awareness of these aspects in the BA in ELT curriculum and in its delivery, would enhance the education of future teachers of English as a foreign language.

478-486

Authors: Mehmet Cem ODACIOĞLU - Chek Kim Loi

This study analyzes City of Glass, a postmodernist detective novella (or anti-detective) of the New York Trilogy by Paul Auster in terms of postmodernist elements and techniques such as metafiction, parody, intertextuality, irony and like. In doing so, some information about Auster’s life and the plot of the work are also offered to the reader to make the analysis more concrete. Last but not least, this study is also thought to be useful for students enrolled in English Language and Literary Departments for them to understand the movement of postmodernism.

499-510

Authors: Murat Tan

Ahmet Hashim is one of the most important poets of Turkish literature. His poem and poetry are widely reviewed. When we look carefully at Ahmet Hashim's poem, the effects of both the life he live and his temperament are clearly visible. The currents and opinions adopted from Western literature get a new form by filtering through its mood, namely, they take Hashim’s style. In this work, “Zulmet/Darkness”, an important poem, has been studied in terms of its “imajinary composition” and “content”. The content of this poem is a reflection of the poet's memories and the psychological situation. From another point of view, this reflection implies the poet’s attitude towards life. In this poem, the poet, who has passed through life troubles, imposes to poem subject a psychology which is the result of this troublesome. Namely, in the poem subject a pessimistic soul is dominate. In poem, there is also a structure that is formed on you&I and develops in opposite directions. In addition, in the poem, "zulmet/darkness" is the expression of escape from the reality of the poem subject. Despite his wishes, the poem subject is aware of the fact that it is not possible to escape from reality. It is clearly felt the impossibility of moving out of time and space that is expressed with “darknes”. The second point emphasized in the review is the imaginary composition. This imaginary composition has been overlooked in the studies on Hashim’s poems. When examined carefully, it was seen that "Zulmet" constitutes an imajinary composition with the poems "Yollar" and "O Belde" which written in same period. In the imaginary composition of the three poems, "zulmet" is the place where the essence of poetry is condemned to stay, "Yollar" is the vehicle leading to the target, and "O Belde" is the ultimate happiness country that is missed. Hashim constructs aesthetically and in a manner appropriate to his the mood, the escape which constituted a whole in three poems, through night-day exchange in Zulmet poem.

532-561

Authors: Saadet Zoraloğlu - Banu Aktürkoğlu

The reading-writing text books approved by Ministry of Education are important resources for teaching reading-writing. The purpose of this study is examination of the activities in the text books used for first grade classes in terms of qualified reading-writing teaching, Turkish Course Curriculum and children’s development features. The data sources of the study are reading-writing text books and Teacher Guide Book for Turkish Course. Documentary analysis method from the qualitative approaches was used for running the study. A set of criteria was created for collecting data. While creating the criteria set, two experts were consulted whose specialty on reading-writing. The data were analyzed through content analysis. Results of the study can be listed as follows: It was seen that voice discrimination activities; examples of correct reading of the syllables, words, and sentences reached hadn’t been adequately addressed. There were typos and punctuation mistakes in Teacher Guide Book, and text books. Examples of the correct pronunciation of the letters were given. The reading comprehension activities were insufficient. Some of the words, and sentences reached weren’t found to fit the students’ cognitive level, cultural characteristics, and everyday language usage. Reached syllables and sentences weren’t repeated enough. The words that make up sentences, and the syllables that make up words were written in different colors. While there were enough exercises for writing letters, examples that were not suitable for the usability principle were shown. The lines in the book didn’t help to write correctly. The letters were rearranged to prove fluent writing, whereas there was no practice for quick writing of words. Open and productive syllables weren’t reached, activities weren’t addressed with verbal communication skills. Some activities weren’t constructed properly according to phoneme based sentence method. Generally, the words in the book are written with the appropriate number of words, and the words are written with the appropriate number of letters and syllables. Some activities didn’t support the cognitive structures of the students, and in particular the Guide Book contained statements that would lead to misconceptions. In the light of all these results, some suggestions have been made about the effective usage of phoneme based sentence method in text books.

588-605

Authors: SEDAT MADEN - Aslı MADEN - Emrullah BANAZ

It is already known that should acquire the skills of media literacy in terms of information community. Media literacy is an important concept in nowadays. Especially because of positive and negative effects of media (digital environment etc.) on children and young adults, it became a significant issue in educational context. In this study, it is aimed to prepare a content-analysis regarding postgraduate theses prepared on media literacy. Research sample constitutes 45 theses with open access of 60 different theses on media literacy after scanning conducted at national thesis centre archive. 13 of these theses are doctoral theses and the rest 32 are master’s ones. Survey data has been obtained with document analysis method. Document review comprises the analysis of written materials containing information about facts which are aimed to be studied. Based on the meta-analysis study regarding postgraduate theses prepared on media literacy, it is seen that more studies were written between 2010 and 2013 than previous years and that there are more studies on determining the level of media literacy, influence and perception. In conclusion, it is suggested that studies on media literacy should be increased not just in the postgraduate fields and levels but also in Turkish education realm, and accordingly it should be employed to create awareness both at classes and students.

618-630

Authors: Sibel Okuyan

In our globalizing and rapidly changing world thanks to the communication technologies, Turkey has a significant strategic position in terms of socio-cultural and economical aspects. Therefore, Turkey has a different commercial and political relationship with many countries comprising various cultures and languages. In order to maintain these relations healthfully, interpreting is of utmost importance. Turkey’s membership application for EU shows that Turkey is now an important political power. Besides, commercial contacts with other countries are on the rise and foreign people pay a visit to our country for health tourism. On the other hand, conflicts in neighboring countries increase. All of these factors raise the demand for interpreting in Turkey. In this respect, considering aforementioned explanations we believe that contents of the interpreting courses in academic translation institutions must be refreshed and updated, while doing so, market conditions must also be taken into account. This study deals with interpreting courses offered at Sakarya University taking the above-mentioned suggestions into consideration. In this study, we aim to evaluate interpreting courses in terms of the developments in academic interpreter training and interpreting profession. Hence, curricula of Translation & Interpreting (Studies) Departments were compared to each other and the findings are discussed.

651-672

Authors: Umut Balcı - Kasım ACAR - Erşad TAN

Foreign language knowledge is a priority criterion when applying to any occupation. The language skill, which is important in almost every field, is even more important in some professions. One of these areas is the tourism sector. Therefore, it is necessary for the students who get education in tourism to acquire language skills so that they can easily take steps after graduation. Based on this information, our study shows that for students who are studying in tourism departments. The appropriateness of the prepared foreign language textbooks to the target group has been investigated in detail. The research has analyzed in detail the importance of foreign language textbooks and the supplementary materials prepared in addition to these books as well as whether the topics covered in the prepared books are directly related to the educational field (tourism) and whether or not the books contain intercultural competence. As a foreign language in the tourism section was written for the German-oriented prepared study in our Tourism section Deutsch im Tourismus and Deutsch für Tourismus I called textbooks discussed in a comparative way, also works at the end of suggestions on how it should be how the foreign language textbooks, which focused tourism has been introduced.

690-708

Authors: Üzeyir Süğümlü

The aim of this study is to determine the existance, definition, content, properties, stages of learner autonomy and the features related to learner autonomy. Another aim of the study is to raise awareness about the learner autonomy in our country. In consequence of literature review upon learner autonomy; the existance of learner autonomy, its becoming an important feature in education, the definition of it, its content, properties, principles, stages and related features are presented and also learner autonomy is tried to determine comprehensively. With this study; we achieve the results such as learner autonomy is becoming a content which takes attentions on; it has become a part and an aim of general education and defined as learner’s taking learning responsibility with all aspects which is gained to learners by definite principles and steps; it is perceived as an important skill for learners and it is related with the teacher autonomy, motivation and attitude.

728-744

Authors: Yeşim Işık

Yaşar Kemal is a world famous writer with his novel İnce Memed I. Novel that has won the Novel Present of Varlık Publication has been translated into many languages. First translated into Persian in 1974 by Semin Bağçeban, it has attracted an attention in Iran. Works of Yaşar Kemal have been published by different writers and publishers and it necessitates to study extensively the effects of his works to modern Persian novel. Hasan Mir Abidini who draws attention with his studies on novels and stories in modern Persian literature indicates in his work named Sad Sal-i Dastannevese-ye İran that Madiyan Dağı Üzerinde Bir Çerağ of Mansur Yakuti is the simplified version of İnce Memed I. In this study, with reference to views of Mir Abidini, Madiyan Dağı Üzerinde Bir Çerağ and İnce Memed I will be examined within the context of formative structuralist approach comparatively. We will try to appeal the influence of İnce Memed I on Madiyan Dağı Üzerinde Bir Çerağ by putting forward similarities and differences of two works. Appearance of village novel in Persia began in 1950s but its development was in 1960s and 1970s. Because Shah got impressed by western countries and he couldn’t manage income properly, the level of welfare diminished and that got the reaction of people. Although Shah included land reform in reform movements named Beyaz Devrim in order to help society, those reforms were non- permanent. Excessive pressure of western countries on Shah led intellectuals to tend to ordinary village life and national values as a reaction to western thinking with the effects of Marxist idea. The role of translations from western literature is highly important here.