Logiko-filosofskie studii

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Authors: B.I. Fedorov

In the article the historical precedence of Bolzano in the relation of probability and repetition to create a probabilistic logic.

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Authors: E.N. Lisanyuk

Logic at the Vilnius university (a look from Petersburg).

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Authors: V.I. Kobzar

In tye paper the fundamental conceptions of N. Lossky’s logical theory are outlined. N. Lossky’s logical ideas belong to intuitivistic trend of philosophy. It’s argued that Lossky’s logical theories demonstrates nearly no essential results. One of reasons for that is in his logical treaty Lossky mostly discusses philosophical foundations of logic rather than logical formalismes.

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Authors: C.J. Martin

В предлагаемой обширной статье Кр. Мартин анализирует трактаты Боэция с целью уточнить логическую систему Боэция и место его трактатов в истории логики. Автор вступает в дискуссию с основными современными авторами, пишущими о логике Боэция. Большинство из них трактуют систему гипотетических силлогизмов Боэция как вариант пропозициональной логики. Автор показывает, что изучение языка Боэция и в особенности трактовки им отрицания не позволяют считать систему Боэция пропозициональной. Этот вывод важен прежде всего для решения вопроса о стоической логике. Начиная с Я. Лукасевича логику стоиков стали считать пропозициональной, и поскольку цельных работ стоиков до нас не дошло, разбираемые здесь Кр. Мартином трактаты Боэция «О гипотетических силлогизмах» и «Комментарии к “Топике” Цицерона» многие исследователи (например, М. Фреде, 1974; Э. Стамп, 1987) считают одними из основных источников, из которых мы узнаем о стоической логике. Автор показывает, что трактаты Боэция не могут рассматриваться как источник стоических идей. Боэций, по-видимому, был мало знаком со стоическими идеями и не разделял их. Зато, считает Кр. Мартин, трактаты Боэция дают богатый материал для изучения логики перипатетиков и неоплатоников.

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Authors: I.B. Mikirtumov

The article reviews the main ideas of the Edmund Husserl’s «Philosophy of Arithmetic» in connection with the Frege’s early logicism. The distinctions of solutions offered by Frege and Husserl, due to differences in their methods. Frege presumes the whole system of numbers and perations with numbers, while Husserl follows the genesis of mathematical ideas and concepts.

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Authors: E.Yu. Shcherbina

It is examined the definition of the norm of criminal law as a logical and legal problem, at the decision of which can be used the principle of mutual definability one norms through other, that is studied in deontic logic.

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Authors: E.N. lisanyuk, A.I.Migounov, Yu.V. Nechitaylov, D.E. Prokudin

In the paper actual issues of development of communications as in logical community in Russia, and consolidation of Post-Soviet logical space are touched. Experience of development and creation of the project of the information and analytical Internet portal «Logicians of Russia» which is offered by the group of authors as the uniform information resource, urged to carry out support and development of the local Russian-speaking logical community, consolidation of the academic contacts in the fi eld of the logic, devoted to the logicians belonging community, and also problems of modern logic is described. Organizational and technical problems which authors of the project faced reveal; ways of their decision are shown.

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Authors: Ya.A. Slinin

The article deals with Aristotelian theory of propositions and syllogisms. The differences of Aristotile’s and Hamilton’s syllogistics are analysed.

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Authors: L.G. Tonoyan

The paper presents the problem of indeterminate statements in the work of three thinkers: the creator of syllogistic Aristotle (384–322), its translator into Latin and interpreter Severin Boethius (480–525), and the creator of an imaginary (no-aristotle) logic of N. A. Vasiliev (1880–1940). The difference of Aristotle’s and N. A. Vasiliev logic based on different interpretations of indeterminate statements. The paper shows that the accidental opinion of N. A. Vasiliev similar to indeterminate statement of modal syllogistic of Aristotle, namely, the statement of the potentially inherent.

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Authors: V.A. Lobastova

F. Brentano explores consciousness in order to open the natural laws of thinking. At different levels of consciousness (sensory intuition and conceptual thought) are constituted sensual and intellegibel objects. K. Tvardovsky analyses presentation and statement within the framework of descriptive psychology. Description of presentation exposes a betweenness by an act, maintenance and object. Mechanism of constituting of object as unit consists of selection of material and formal parts.