European Journal of Renewable Energy

3-8

Authors: Danila A. Inzhuvatov, Ali Kalmamatov

Energy supply is an important process that is inextricably linked with human life. It affects not only all industries, but, one way or another, every person. Without this process, our society has forever said goodbye to such things that have entered so deeply into the habitual life of a person, such as trains, the Internet, etc. All major industrial facilities would stop working. In the end, people rolled back, in terms of development, to the Stone Age. As practice shows, regions with a developed energy network not only have stability in development, but also show good industrial growth dynamics and a high standard of living for the population. In order to achieve such conditions in Russia, it is necessary to solve a number of problems in the field of energy supply. This work is devoted to the problems of optimizing the energy supply process. The various experience of scientists is given, which contributes to the solution of many issues of different elements of this system. In the process of analyzing this problem, it becomes clear that it is necessary to start not specifically from any element, but directly from the global program. Also, do not forget about the peculiarities of the location of the regions.

15-17

Authors: Polina A. Kultysheva, Vladislav V. Khalyavin

The article is devoted to identifying the advantages of osmotic installations, as well as assessing the feasibility of using such installations in Russia. The weak point of almost all alternative energy sources is that they depend on climatic conditions. This disadvantage is absent in osmotic installations. Energy in them is obtained due to the difference in salinity in sea and fresh water. Their positive qualities and shortcomings are revealed in the work. For the conditions of Russia, the use of this technology has great prospects. The use of this technology will have a positive effect on the environment, as it will significantly reduce the share of energy that is obtained from standard energy sources.

3-8

Authors: Vladislav K. Gryazev

The article deals with the energy problems in relation to the achievement of greater power of rocket engines. The dependences of carrying capacity on mass for modern transport systems are analyzed. It is concluded that the limit imposed on transport systems is not technical, but more economic. It is shown that there is a limit to achieving the maximum velocity of rockets when using fuels that use a combustion reaction. The possibility of using condensation energy, graphene flywheel and other alternative methods is analyzed. As a result, it was concluded that in the future one can only hope for thermonuclear reactions, but also for other methods: Bose condensate of metastable helium, lithium-hydrogen fluoride fuel, and others. But the solution of this problem and the application of new methods and physical principles is a matter of the distant future.

3-11

Authors: Le Vinh Thang, Anatolii V. Schagin, Ngo Xuan Cuong, Nguyen Thi Hong

In recent years, equipment for the use of solar energy has been actively developing in the world, which provides heat and electricity. In particular, photovoltaic technology using photovoltaic modules is widely used. This paper focuses on cooling controllers for the surface of photovoltaic modules to reduce surface temperatures, increase their output power and improve the performance of photovoltaic systems. The paper presented the design, simulation and construction of water cooling system controller for photovoltaic modules. The application of water cooling system controller for grid-connected photovoltaic system with 250 Wp has brought good results. The experiments were conducted at Central Vietnam, the water cooling system controller is set to automatically work so that when the surface temperature reaches 40oC, after each operation the power of the grid-connected photovoltaic system increased significantly. The results also indicate that the power consumption of the water cooling system controller is much smaller than the increased power of grid-connected photovoltaic system.

3-8

Authors: Timur F. Nurmuhamatov

In the near future, systems for the joint production of electric and thermal energy should become one of the vectors for the development of the energy sector in Russia. Compared with existing monopoly tariffs, cogeneration can significantly reduce the cost of energy consumed, as well as solve the important problem of network unloading during peak loads. Cogeneration plants have a greater resource potential, as well as advantages in reliability. The monopolization of the electricity market simply forces the Russian industrial, agricultural and civilian consumers to acquire cogeneration plants.

3-28

Authors: Valery P. Kalinitchenko

Energy renewal should be oriented not so much on a human who is the energy main consumer, but in the first turn on the Earth's geospheres. The properties of sources, fluxes and sinks of energy are considered in focus of energy consumer, and, simultaneously, in focus of an object to which the consumer belongs concerning creating a long-term priority human living conditions and providing buffer parameters for geospheres. The evolution of the biosphere and the pedosphere is considered, the significance of the use and renewal of hydrocarbon energy in the Earth’s biogeochemical cycle is shown. Demand for energy on Earth is considered in the focus of the current conflict "technology – consumption – ecosphere" as a result of an incorrect strategy of technological development within the framework of outdated industrial technological platform. To increase the application of renewal energy on Earth is possible due to optimization of the biogeochemical cycle, improving the quality of the biosphere, improving living conditions, motivating the use of energy. Biogeosystem Technique is proposed as a new scientific and technical platform for strategic development of the world and its technology, organically connected with the problem of production and use of renewal energy on Earth. Biogeosystem Technique instead of direct imitation of natural phenomena suggests the use of development opportunities that Nature leaves to man as a productive way to understand the Nature’s intent and use it for harmonious development, but not to resist Nature. Biogeosystem Technique provides: design of long-term resistant high-fertility soils by milling the layer of 20–45 cm, which increases biological productivity by 30-50 % for a period of up to 40 years; soil watering without the infiltration of water by a pulse injection through the slide syringe element directly into a discrete volume of soil of 2-3 cm diameter to a depth from 10 to 40 cm, that provides fresh water saving in comparison with standard irrigation methods from 3 to 20 times, soil conservation, a stable biogeochemical barrier "soil – root system"; recycling of industrial, domestic, agricultural, biological waste (including dangerous due to possibility to break the trophic distribution chains, including gasification waste) in the intra-soil milling and intra-soil watering for fertilizing and improving soil, avoiding food contamination. The way for expanding biosphere and increasing its product is opened up through expanding the biological and soil phase of the carbon biogeochemical cycle, enhancing ionization of air in photosynthesis and precipitating aerosols, obtaining additional food, raw materials, biofuels, and utilizing dangerous substances inside the soil, especially in the form of dust. Are achieved – soil health, environmental health, human health. The Biogeosystem Technique method will allow to store in biosphere the greater volume of matter, produce higher biological product, extract and use as much as possible renewable energy from biosphere, simultaneously increase the buffer properties of geospheres and stability of the Earth's climate system.

36-43

Authors: R.R. Sadrislamov

This article explores the theoretical aspects of three-phase distribution networks in asymmetric modes, including the causes of the unbalance and its influence on the constituent elements of the network and the power losses in the networks. It is indicated that these indicators of power quality, like voltage unbalance and deviation of the stress cannot be considered separately. There would also be the simplest circuit simulation circuit of three-phase AC single-ended modes in OrCAD, and the impact of the neutral wire on the magnitude of phase voltage VC. Indicate the waveforms of currents and voltages in three-phase network with uneven loading of the phases. It will be shown that the asymmetry of the currents in the network takes place in the absence of the neutral wire and, if equipped.