IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology

1-6

Authors: NEHA ROHILLA & ANIL KAMBOJ

Carrier aggregation (CA) is one of the most important technologies to ensure the success of 4G technologies. Carrier aggregation allows both an efficient use of spectrum already deployed and the required support for the resource allocation in new frequency bands. The Release 8 LTE carrier maximum bandwidth is 20 MHz. This bandwidth can be further extended in LTE-Advanced by carrier aggregation, with which the base stations can transmit multiple LTE carriers, each having bandwidth upto 20 MHz. When no carrier aggregation is used, the user will receive one carrier. When carrier aggregation is used, it is possible to send not only one carrier but multiple carriers to the users, which leads to a higher bit rate. Adding carrier aggregation influences energy efficiency for some modulation schemes. So, the objective is to study energy efficient LTE system in order to reduce power consumption of the system and to increase the energy efficiency and throughput.

15-24

Authors: PRASHANT K. SHAH, AKSHAR L. MULEY & KOMAL J. DALWADI

Certain characteristics inherent in on-line technologies increase the likelihood that they will be exploited for deviant purposes. Unlike physical bullying, electronic bullies can remain virtually anonymous using temporary email accounts, pseudonyms in chat rooms, instant messaging programs, cell-phone text messaging, and other Internet venues to mask their identity; this perhaps frees them from normative and social constraints on their behavior. Additionally, electronic forums often lack supervision. While chat hosts regularly observe the dialog in some chat rooms in an effort to police conversations and evict offensive individuals, personal messages sent between users (such as electronic mail or text messages) are viewable only by the sender and the recipient, thereby outside the regulatory reach of such authorities. In addition, when teenagers know more about computers and cellular phones than their parents or guardians, they are therefore able to operate the technologies without concern that a parent will discover their experience with bullying (whether as a victim or offender). Another factor is the inseparability of a cellular phone from its owner, making that person a perpetual target for victimization. Users often need to keep their phone turned on for legitimate purposes, which provides the opportunity for those with malicious intentions to engage in persistent unwelcome behavior such as harassing telephone calls or threatening and insulting statements via the cellular phone’s text messaging capabilities. Cyber-bullying thus penetrates the walls of a home, traditionally a place where victims could seek refuge from other forms of bullying. Moreover, bullies can gang up on their victims on electronic pages more efficiently than they do in traditional bullying, since there is no limit to the number of people who can join in, following a bullying statement.

33-42

Authors: NIHARIKA & RANJEET KAUR

A honeypot is a non-production system which offers sweet bait to the intruders, blackhat community [1] that can enhance the ability of system administrators to identify system vulnerabilities. This paper presents a survey on recent advances in honeypot research from a review of 20+ papers on honeypots and related topics. A recent technology in the area of intrusion detection is honeypot technology that unlike common IDSs tends to provide the attacker with all the necessary resources needed for a successful attack. Honeypots provide a platform to study the approaches and tools used by the intruders, thus acquiring their value from the unauthorized use of their resources.

51-58

Authors: ARJUN VIMAL RAJ R & C. JAGADEESH VIKRAM

This paper focuses on advanced hybrid marine vessel technology is a proposed idea that involves inculcating solar energy, wind energy and oxy hydrogen (HHO) for marine propulsion solutions. The objective and scope of this project is to propose an idea in hybrid marine vessel technology using renewable resources.

65-72

Authors: CHANDAN CHOUBEY & KRISHNA GOPAL

A simple computational procedure has been developed by using Monte Carlo for allocating redundancy among subsystems so as to achieve maximum reliability of a complex systems subjected to multiple constraints which may be linear, non linear separable or non separable. Two examples of linear, non linear separable and non separable constraints with having twenty problems are solved.

81-90

Authors: JAYANT ARBUNE, SHYAM MANATKAR, NEHA KOPARDE, MANJIREE HINGANE & ABHIJEET GHADGE

Bio fuel has been regarded as potential alternative fuel for partial substitution of petrodiesel. Jatrophacurcas which is one of the sources of bio-diesel, are easily available in tropical and sub-tropical areas. A number of plantation practices and engine test runs have been conducted across the world, which has been successful to demonstrate it as alternative source of fuel. The article here thus tries to compile some of the important aspects of Jatropha, and chicken fat oil, which is hoped to be an aided tools for researchers and to internalize in their respective areas for the promotion of jatrophacurcas and chicken fat oil to provide complimentary support in substituting petro-diesel in future, especially in developing countries.

97-110

Authors: BHUVANESHWARI C. MELINAMATH

We have developed a wide coverage Hierarchical morpho-syntactic annotator system for Kannada language using hierarchical tag set. Developing annotator using hierarchical tag set is another new attempt, as there are no such systems exists for Kannada or any Indian Language. Attempts tried so far are using flat tag set. Our annotating system relay on five resources 1) Tag set 2) Dictionary 3) Morphological system 4) Named entity recognizer. Morphological system is developed using well defined saMdhi rules and using finite state transducer (FST) transition file shows the order of suffixation. The architecture is general and can be adopted for other language families just by replacing morph relevant information files. There is no hard coding. The system takes a Kannada sentence as input and gives POS tag/tags for each word of the sentence as output. There is not much work is done in automatic processing of Kannada language. The major types of morphological process like inflection, derivation, and compounding are handled in this system. The goal of our work is to create a new computational model within the framework of finite state technology that will account for word formation processes in Kannada language. Annotation plays an important role in Natural Language Processing applications such as Parsing, Information Extraction, Information Retrieval and Machine Translation. Results are encouraging with respect to noun as compared to verbs. More than 90% results are obtained for nouns and around 85% results are obtained for verbs.

117-124

Authors: DAINGADE AJIT SAMPATRAO, METKARI GANESH SUNIL & P. D. KULKARNI

Major need of energy generation is fulfilled by fossil fuels which are used for worldwide transportation. In recent year India need sources of an alternative fuel as a biodiesel and its major potential can be generated in India almost 10-30% of diesel can be replaced with blending of biodiesel. This biodiesel can reduce major Burdon on the import as well as reduction in pollution level. For India maximum wasteland can be utilized for plantation of sources as a seed base like caster seed, Neem trees and biodiesel can be produced and make it available as alternative fuel. The focus of this paper is to conduct study of biodiesel properties (castor oil + Neem oil) and its performance with various blends. For diesel engine the performance and emission is almost increasing by 2-5 % and emission level are quiet lower than present fuel. This will be the major sources in the generation of energy for the replacement of diesel. So that we are interested in biodiesel for a variety of reasons, but most importantly, it’s potential to reduce total lifetime carbon dioxide emissions, as well as reduction in other pollutants.

143-152

Authors: HIMANSHU M. SHAH & NAVNEET KAUR

A data stream is continuous, rapid, unbounded sequence of data. Mining Frequent pattern in stream data is very challenging because data can be scan one time only. Due to this reason traditional approach cannot be use for data stream. In this paper we give overview of growing field Data Stream mining. Generating and maintaining association rule from stream data is not easy task. Association rule help retailer and business manager by providing hidden useful information. There are many algorithm proposed for efficiently mining Data stream which we discuss in this paper.

161-168

Authors: GALAL A. HASSAAN

Too many passengers die or injure every year because of highway accidents. Most of the vehicle manufacturing companies are unable successfully to control this matter. This paper handles the optimal design of a passive spring-damper buffer that can be attached to the vehicle from its front, rear or both sides to avoid catastrophic effects due to collision. The optimization toolbox of MATLAB is used to minimize an absolute error objective function to keep the dynamic motion of the crashing vehicle to below certain level without destroying the standing hit vehicle. A 100 mm level is set for this dynamic motion. The crashing speed is varied between 20 and 140 km/h and a vehicle mass in the range of 1000 to 6000 kg is considered. The required optimal values of the spring stiffness and damper damping ratio are defined against the crashing speed. The whole process is reduced to the selection of a unit set of buffer parameters to protect crashing small and medium vehicles at speeds ≤ 140 km/h with maximum dynamic motions less that the 100 mm level. This reduces the whole design process to a passive buffer with 88.776 kN/m stiffness and a 2250 kNs/m damping coefficient. This avoids the need to active and semi-active expensive techniques.

179-186

Authors: B. MUNISWAMY & N. GEETHANJALI

Network Coding (NC) has been proved to be the breakthrough in the research field of networks and communication. It is an effective technique to increase network capacity and improve the throughput, robustness and reliability of networks. Network Coding refers to a scheme where a node is allowed to generate output data by mixing its received data. This paper presents the use of Network Coding in wired Networks and wireless networks. We also surveys the applications of Network Coding in the domains of peer-to-peer Networks, delay tolerant Networks. We also present a number of interesting research challenges in these domains, where the network coding can be used.

199-206

Authors: NEERAJKUMAR S SATHAWANE & PRAVIN KSHIRSAGAR

The main cause of human death is cardiovascular disease (CVD) in today’s world. In order to combat and diagnose this disease, many professionals are using mobile electrocardiogram (ECG) in remote monitoring system. ECG Feature Extraction plays a significant role in diagnosing most of the cardiac diseases. Here comprehensive review has been made for feature extraction of ECG signal analyzing, feature extracting and then classifying it have been proposed during the past time, and here we introduced Artificial Neural Network (ANN). To know the present condition of the heart Electrocardiography and is an important tool but it is a time consuming process to analyze a continuous ECG signal as it may contain thousands of continuous heart beats. Here we convert analog signal to digital one and then reverse of it, it helps in accurately diagnosing the signal. Also this paper presents a detection of some heart arrhythmias using Matlab is done. Hence we input ECG signals to the neural network, these signals are processed by ANN and we diagnose heart arrhythmias correctly. Most important thing in analysis of ECG signals is its fundamental features like amplitudes and intervals are required which determine the functioning of heart. Results shown here are explaining the diagnosis and classification of diseases.

225-232

Authors: RAID TARIK AL-KHATEEB

This search including the studying of location and important points of testing and inspection in AL Muthanna cement plant through chemical test for chemical oxides (SiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, SO3, MgO, CaO) that have been taken from these points during the process of cement production depending on the technical route of the plant. After comparing between the results of chemical testing for this point we find there ismis coincidence between the test result of stone quarry (S1) with stone crusher(S3) and raw materials mill (S4) with storage and homogenization materials silo (S5). So the furnace (S7) with clinker storage (S8) that technical route has been developed contain afew testing points for decreasing the time and materials testing necessary.

241-248

Authors: KARZAN ABDULKAREEM OMAR

Catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide on manganese dioxide nanoparticles was studying under different experimental conditions such as pH (1, 6.5 and14) and at 15°C Temp. The kinetics of the reaction was analyzed by first order equation and rate constants were determined from the slopes of the straight lines. It was observed from the experimental results that the decomposition rate constant was found to be dependent on pH. MnO2 nanoparticles used as a catalyst for decomposition H2O2 were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. The as-prepared MnO2 nanoparticles were systematically characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and SEM - EDX analysis techniques. The average particle size of manganese dioxide nanoparticles was calculated from the XRD study. The average particle size of MnO2 nanoparticles was 14 nm. The resulting MnO2 nanoparticles were found to exhibit remarkable environmental catalytic performance in the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution.

255-260

Authors: K. DHARANI, S. SUBALAKSHMI & D. BALAMURUGAN

In last few decades, remotely monitored embedded system for irrigation purposes have become a new necessity for farmer to save his energy, time and money. This paper is proposing a agricultural solution for the farmer based on Wireless Sensor Networks, zigbee and GSM technology. The data acquired about environmental factors of the land and periodic growth of crops captured via camera traps is transmitted to the farmer enabling him to control the actuators in the field. Zigbee based low power handheld devices are employed to enable cost saving, and the valves and sprinklers are employed to save the water usage for irrigation. The proposed system is simple and easy to implement and the parameters recorded helps a great way to farmer to enable the “Smart farms” theory work for him. The microcontroller is used for controlling the above environment.

271-274

Authors: U. N. SHAH & C. D. MODHERA

Self compacting concrete (SCC) is a latest innovation in concrete technology and it is gaining popularity all over the world because of its self flow ability but it requires the large amount of powder content. We have replaced the cement by fly ash in different percentage in laboratory and variations in fresh properties of Self Compacting Concrete are studied. During the study Slump flow, slump flow T50cm time, L box passing ratio test, V funnel passing time test were carried out according to the EFNARC standards. Studies show the increase in the flow ability of the self compacting concrete as fly ash percentage get increases.

285-292

Authors: S. Y. SAWANT, SAGAR E. MORE & H. M. DANGE

When we come across special purpose application such as H2SO4 dilution plant acid cooling, chromium bath cooling, Chlorinator cooling etc. Then major problem is due to corrosion and its effects due to fouling and scaling. In this research work, new polymer coated materials are developed and tested for its thermal and mechanical properties. We have develop plate type heat exchanger with this developed material Polly vinyl based polymer coating on the mild steel plates. This heat exchanger is tested for different industrial corrosive application like Acid cooling application, saline or brackish water cooling, chlorinated water cooling, chromium plating bath cooling, etc.

301-310

Authors: K. SOUNDARARAJAN & SUMA R

The search goals of different users may be different depending up on their need. The analysis and inference of user search goal helps to improve the search engine relevance. In this paper we introduce a method to predict the user search goals of the query that a user give by clustering the existing feedback details. We use Hybrid Bee Algorithm and cluster validity indexes for the effective clustering of the feedback. We also use an automatic annotation approach to align the data units on a result page into different groups such that the data in the same group have same meaning.