IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature

19-24

Authors: P. MALA

The present study aims at — identifying the major issues related to socio economic profile of women construction labourers, by analyzing the job satisfaction levels, wages, their economic status by finding out their savings, loans and also examining the status of these women in social ladder and recommending measures for mitigation of the problems. The job of an unskilled worker is more strenuous in the construction industry than in other manufacturing industries. As causal workers, women not only face insecurity of work but are also paid lower wages compared to their male counterparts. Minimum wage and other legislation are violated for women. Women face instability in work, they get poor remuneration discrimination in the payment of wages and virtual absence of enforcement of protective labour legislation. Their work is regarded as unskilled, but they are given no opportunity to acquire skills on the job. Usually, women workers in construction industry have to assume multiple burdens of household work, looking after children and work in the sites to earn a living. More than 35 percent of the construction workers are women. Unlike other industries where women are employed in semi-skilled or sometimes even in skilled jobs, in the construction industry they are employed only as unskilled labourers

31-34

Authors: DESHMUKH NANDA C

The literature, which arose as a series of styles and idea in the post World War II period, which reacted against the perceived means of modernist literature, has been termed postmodern literature. The 1941 death of Irish novelist James Joyce, one of modernism's last and biggest giants, is sometimes used as a rough boundary for the beginning of postmodernism. In literature of this era one finds a shift in the role of the' inner narrative of the self, from the self at war with itself to the self as arbiter, painting to the phenomenological roots of postmodern thought. Post modernism offers' multiple possibilities for a fresh appraisal of what had been taken always for granted and the present paper is a modest attempt to bring out the Psycho- Dynamics of Women in Manju Kapur's 'Difficult Daughter's and Sally Morgan's 'My Place'(1987).' In the present paper I would also like to reflect on the multilayered Indian experiences in Colonial and post colonial times upon the holocaust of partition and the problems of women in particular.

51-56

Authors: Sameena Faheem & Palle Aparna

This paper reports the different views, methods, approaches and suggestions of academicians*, Engineering professionals* and teaching experts* on the importance of English Language Communications for the professionals. Their views and ideas were accumulated to conjoin the theories of communication scholars and philosophers. The interviews are an attempt to showcase their relevant suggestions that would provide the new techniques in the acquisition of communication.

67-72

Authors: AANCHAL & NATASHA GOEL

Throughout the world women face different challenges in their life. Women are facing innumerable suffering like physical aggression, sexual abuse and rape, psychological violence, economic or emotional threats and control over speech and actions. The answer to combating crime against women is not as difficult as you might think. Every women can benefit from Self-defense awareness and different techniques. There are several techniques and programs through which women can defend themselves which are organized by different Governing bodies. This paper focuses on basic Self-defense principles and techniques which can help women to protect them from becoming the victim of brutal crime

81-104

Authors: Bright M.C. Nyirenda & James M. Chilembwe

This papers critically looked into concept of tourism multipliers to determine the effects of tourist spending on income, land values and employment in Nkhata-bay areas such as Chikali Beach Nkhata-bay Central, Chintheche, Bandawe and Kande. In a traditional set-up theory, a multiplier measures the relationship between an autonomous injection of expenditure into an economy and the resultant changes in incomes which may occur. In very simple terms, if the amount of the injection is ∆E, the amount of income created within the economy of the area under study (Nkhata-bay) can be expressed as K, where Kis a coefficient representing the multiplier effect. Further, autonomous infection of expenditure can take many forms which may include, for example, increases in export trading, additional foreign investment within the economy under review, and increases in Government Investment. Each of these forms of expenditure creates a stimulus to economic activity within the affected areas for example Nkhata-bay areas, which, provided that sufficient resources are available, in this case,generated additional business turnover, households incomes and employment as will be seen in the study. Therefore, increases in tourism expenditure are merely one form of autonomous injection although they are the only type considered in the present publication. Therefore, the main and real intention of beginning to write a series of Mzuzu University (Mzuni) occasional papers in Economics, particularly this one, is to provide a vehicle or medium for the publication of the results of the current research and for a series of researches on the social-economic impacts of tourism on the economy of Malawi, that will follow in this and impact related fields of future tourism studies.Further, the other aim is to provide Government with quantified information for making informed decision in distributing the scarce resources; while academics and students may also be reminded of the real role of tourism in the economic development particularly as tourism continues to fuel other economic sector of the country paving their way to growth areas.It is researchers hope that Mzuni will continue supporting future similar researches with the hope that more areas in the country be covered and researched.The series may also include adaptation of these and aid writing of dissertations by students in the Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management and for further contribution by academic colleagues of Mzuzu University and other Universities.