IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature

17-22

Authors: Madhusudhana Rao. A

This article is on V S Naipaul’s latest novel Magic Seeds which is a sequel of Half a Life. The protagonist of Half a Life is Willie Chandran who is in search of completeness throughout the novel. At the beginning of the novel Half a Life Willie questions his father why his name is after an English writer. It means that his negation of the self, starts at his very early stage. For his completeness Willie goes to London but unfortunately he finds himself in a different situation. There seem to be some biographical sketches in the last two novels. At the end of Half a Life Willie marries Ana and goes to Africa as Ana’s London man without his personal identity. After he gets a slip while coming down step at Ana’s house, while getting treatment in the hospital, he realizes that he has wasted part of life being Ana’s London man. So he leaves Ana and goes to Berlin to stay with his sister Sarojini but even in Berlin he can’t find himself and starts searching his roots. Magic Seeds starts where Half a Life ends.

29-38

Authors: Siddaramu. B

In India even today, scavengers and sweepers still carry out the basic sanitary services in cities and towns. While many are employed by local urban authorities to clean the sewers and sweep the streets, a significant number still work in their traditional occupation. This means that scavengers are still cleaning latrines by hand and carrying night soil in baskets on their heads. Such socio-economic conditions for scavengers still persist despite various articles in the Indian constitution, which stipulate that the state should promote the economic and educational interests of Scheduled Castes and protect them from discrimination and exploitation. This article talks about the plight of manual scavengers in Indian society. It also cortically analyses the policies and programs of manual scavengers.

47-56

Authors: Ananya Rubayat &Nayeem Sultana

Road traffic accidents are a significant problem worldwide both in terms of loss of human life and economic consequences. In a country with limited resources, like Bangladesh, any such problem becomes even more complex as addressing one issue may mean ignoring another. As a result, while improving the condition of the road is done periodically to reduce accidents, much less attention is paid to traffic control and even lesser to the people using the roads on foot. This study focused on observing the behaviour of pedestrians at five locations in the city of Dhaka. The sites included the intersections with highest and lowest incidences of pedestrian related accidents, and three locations displaying intermediate statistics. People were interviewed to get their views on current road safety situations, motivations for displaying safe behaviour and reasons for willingly taking risks. The study also aimed to find whether age, gender or occupation had any significant impact on road crossing attitudes. Majority of the pedestrians felt that they did not receive satisfactory crossing facilities from the authorities and therefore are not accountable for irresponsible behaviour on their part. This largely unexplored area can be further delved into to get more useful insight for improving the road safety situation in Dhaka City.

69-76

Authors: Abdullah Al Mamun, Armanul Haque, Shafiul Alam & Rumana Sultana

The research basically deals with evaluation of the negative impacts of tobacco on health and the environment with a view to minimize tobacco cultivation among the folk peasants in rural Bangladesh. Therefore, the study has been conducted through the survey method with the easy to understand structured questionnaire through which the data are collected by interview and personal observation. However, this study reveals the information about the duration of cultivation of tobacco as well as identified its effects on health from the tobacco processing place. Moreover, it focuses on the consciousness building in the local farmers and adaptation of the cautions during the tobacco cultivation. The study concludes that the various government and non government organizations, institutions and media could play important roles to create the awareness in the folk community for minimizing the tobacco cultivation and reducing its negative impact on health and the environment.

83-92

Authors: Gyanaditya Shakya

Shakyamuni Gautam Buddha taught His Teachings as Dhamma & Vinaya. In his first sermon Dhammacakkapavattana-Sutta, after His enlightenment, He explained the middle path, which is the way to get peace, happiness, joy, wisdom, and salvation. The Buddha taught The Eightfold Path as a way to Nibbana (salvation). The Eightfold Path can be divided into morality, mental discipline, and wisdom. The collection of His Teachings is known as Pali Tipinika Literature, which is compiled into Pali (Magadha) language. It taught us how to be a nice and civilized human being. By practicing Sala (Morality), Samadhi (Mental Discipline), and Panna (Wisdom), person can eradicate his all mental defilements. The whole theme of Tipinika explains how to be happy, and free from sufferings, and how to get Nibbana. The Pali Tipinika Literature tried to establish freedom, equality, and fraternity in this world. It shows the way of freedom of thinking. The most basic human rights are the right to life, freedom of worship, freedom of speech, freedom of thought and the right to be treated equally before the law. It suggests us not to follow anyone blindly. The Buddha opposed harmful and dangerous customs, so that this society would be full of happiness, and peace. It gives us same opportunity by providing human rights. It gives many ideas to save our environment also. It is very relevant for every creature of this universe. This is reason; it has religious, philosophical, psychological, historical, social, ethical, and geographical importance. It is very essential to find solution of many problems in this present era. It means that the importance of The Pali Tipinika Literature is remarkable, and it cannot be ignored by this world and our India