International Journal of Social Sciences and Management

1-7

Authors: Farouq Ahmad Dar, Malkhan Singh

Environmental degradation is a process in which the natural environment is negotiated by declining environmental health and the biological diversity. The environmental health problems and urban poverty has a strong bond between them. The high use of non-renewable resources and the destruction of key renewable resources are the major contributors of environmental degradation. The poor people alone cannot be blamed as the key contributors of environmental degradation. In many areas the poor people are more aware about the proper use of natural resources like land, forests and water resources, as they get their livelihood from these resources. This paper focuses on the understandings prevalent on the topic of poverty and environmental degradation and cross-examines the geographical literature available on the subject. The broad objective of this paper is to examine the various contributors which acts vital role in the environmental degradation. The article provides a particular attention towards the poor as one of the elements of environmental deterioration. The analysis depicts that the institutional and market failures encourage unsustainable actions which pushes some income groups into poverty. The conflict among different income groups are the main culprits of poverty-environment degradation nexus. The environmental degradation, on the one hand, contributes to poverty through different agents which effects the human health and depletes the productivity of those natural and manmade resources upon which the poor are dependent, on the other hand, the poverty restricts the poor to perform such activities that will lead to damage the environment.

13-18

Authors: Niroj Dahal, Sarthak Ghimire, Rakshya Poudel

Paddy, maize and wheat occupy the maximum share in terms of area and production of Nepalese agriculture and plays major role in food and nutrition security in Nepal. Although government has been investing in cereal production since 1960s and there is a slow and steady growth in area, production and yield. In this scenario, there is dearth of research studies which provides overview of the growth and instability of the cereal crops, and it is also necessary to identify the causes of the growth in production. This paper tries to address the fore mentioned issue by measuring the growth rate and instability in area, production and yield of paddy, wheat and maize in Nepal for 30 years ranging from 1990/91 to 2019/20. Similarly, it also attempts to identify the cause of growth crops by using decomposition method. It is found that there was significant growth in area of paddy only in period I; and in production and yield in period II and overall time period. In wheat and maize, it is found that there is statistically significant increase in the area, production and yield in all the sub periods and over all time periods, except for area in wheat in period III. Similarly, it is found that in all the crops studied, greater extent of instability was observed in production, followed by the yield. And, in all the crops, area effect is higher than yield and interaction effect in all the time periods and whole study time frame.

27-40

Authors: Shova Aryal, Arjun Karki

This study explores diversities, issues and priorities of women's articles in four broadsheet dailies in Nepal. The study has analyzed the ratio of national and foreign writers. It shoves into the number of women's writers and their areas/issues of writing. The study employs a content analysis research approach. It has extracted 351 articles of one month each national dailies of the year 2018. The articles have been encoded into appropriate fields and grouped under the eight different fields/areas. Then an analysis has been made on gender, issues, priorities and diversities of the articles. The findings are different in each newspaper. The Himalayan Times daily has been found more inclusive in terms of areas and gender priorities. The Kathmandu Post daily has been found to have been given least priority to national writers, regardless of women's writing. Similarly, the finding showed the largest variations in the Kathmandu Post in gender, issues and coverage. The Rising Nepal is found to have given more priority to national writers. Finally, the Republica daily has the second largest variations after the Kathmandu Post; however, the areas of writing have a great discrepancy. This study recommends for the positive discrimination to the women as stated in the gender related policies. The government, media and other stakeholders should play the facilitating role to monitor the media organizations for gender inclusivity in all the areas of work. Future studies focus on the wages, work flexibilities and responsibilities in media to promote peace, prosperity and holistic development of the nation.