International Journal of Social Sciences and Management

308-314

Authors: Gopal Kumar Sarma, Saundarjya Borbora

The paper delves to estimate microfinance demand, supply and its mismatch in India in general and Assam in particular. Since exact estimation is a bulky task, it adopts an approximation model based on poverty database, mixmarket database and some complementary reports on microfinance. The study shows that microfinance demand has shown a trend of increasing growth for India as well as Assam and stands its candidature as a potential matured market in future. The supply of microfinance for India as a whole is at low level, which shares only 0.70 per cent of gross domestic product of India. From the regional perspective, southern region dominates the supply of microfinance and Assam shares the least. The study indicates a huge mismatch between demand for and supply of microfinance and considering mixmarket average loan size all the regions of India are deficient in terms microfinance supply. The study further indicates some of the possible reasons for the mismatch.

327-332

Authors: Irshad Ahmad Irshad

The future of child wholly and solely depends upon parents their mentality, their behavior, their assets etc. A family with sound economy can make their children sound in all walks of life. But unfortunate thing for an orphan is that he/she lacks this valuable guardian i.e, parents. The children lost the parental support while as thousands of families lost their bread earners. How an orphan can survive smoothly in this expensive and cunning world. So far as orphan of Jammu and Kashmir are concerned, they are in constant strain, anxiety, stress due to the situation of armed conflict from last two decades and Kashmir region in particular has been the most affected. The conflict has led to the loss of human resource and caused infrastructural damage to some of the important institutions. Here the orphan number is far beyond than normal as compared to other states of India. In this paper it is an attempt to showcase the condition, challenges and the position of orphans in Kashmir region. It also mentions the role of government in attempting to reduce the number of orphans and in the rehabilitation of conflict affected victims.

339-342

Authors: M. Arjun, B. Juna

The Influence of Social Net Working Sites (SNS) is being so widely discussed around the world and range of studies conducted with the usage of SNS among higher secondary students is negligible in India. The purpose of the study was to determine the Influence of Social Networking Sites on the study habit of higher secondary students. The researcher is followed descriptive research design for this study. A semi structured research questionnaire was designed to determine the factors of social networking sites that have influenced on higher secondary students. Objectives were to study about socio demographic profile of the children and understand the positive and negative influence of SNS with respect to study habits, identify the study habit among the respondents. The investigator used random sampling method and the total sample size was 40 students. The target population of this study was defined as the students belonging to the higher secondary students in Mammalashery govt. higher secondary school Piravom, Ernakulam. Findings of the study indicated that SNS had been greatly influenced among adolescents. The extend usage of media, usage pattern of SNS, the level of and study habit have been dealt scientifically in this paper. The study was also undertaken to determine how much time students actively use social media and if there has been an increase or decrease in usage over time and its impact on their study and academics.

348-356

Authors: Thi Ngoc Trang Bach, Hai Linh Tran

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce Korea’s process of education reform and achievements at university level, human resource training for the development of science, technology and economics and lessons that can be applied to Vietnam’s education. Firstly, the paper would like to generally assess periods of education at university level, in which some matters related to education reform. Secondly, the paper values achievements in Korea’s higher education linking to the development of science, technology and economic growth. Thirdly, the paper refers to Korean national policies and programs for higher education to reveal how they effectively affect to the development of university level education, science and technology. Finally, the authors give the opinions on the possibility of applying some experiences from Korea to Vietnam.

193-196

Authors: Muhammad Waqas, Aneela Zeb, Alam Zeb

In this modern and advance era of competition, corporate sector plays an extremely important role in the development of a state by strengthening its economy and ensuring the economic stability. The corporations are controlled by the shareholders. In a corporation/company, minority shareholders also play a vital role in the business of the company. Laws have been formulated for the protection of the minority shareholders, however, these laws are not observed in its true spirit due to the ignorance of minority shareholders about their rights. The scope of this article is to review the status of minority shareholders and safeguards of minority shareholders’ rights.

214-221

Authors: S.M. Khan

Although several studies have examined organizational commitment in relation to needs satisfaction and work environment, none have investigated causal paradigm and antecedents of measured variables. Using path analysis modeling, this paper takes the first step at closing this literature gap. The direct effect of satisfaction of social needs, citizenship behaviour and recognition at work and work relations on organizational commitment was observed. The cumulative indirect effect of these variables on organizational commitment of Loco Pilots was significant. The results suggest that Indian Railways may need to focus more on these variables in spawning greater commitment among Loco Pilots. Organizational/managerial implications of casual paradigm of the antecedents of organizational commitment suggested.

228-235

Authors: Swaricha Johri, Manjeet Singh

The banking sector is the backbone of the economy and plays an important financial intermediary role, their health is very critical to the health of the general economy at large. In order to ensure a healthy, solid and stable banking sector, the banks must be analyzed and evaluated in a way that will allow the smooth correction and removal of the potential vulnerabilities. The present study is done with the objective to analyze the financial performance of the commercial banks in India. CAMEL Approach is applied to evaluate the financial performance of SBI and ICICI bank. Based on the set of indicators as defined by CAMEL framework the financial performance is being evaluated with the help of various ratios. Comparison of financial performance was done by applying Independent sample t- test. The study concluded that ICICI bank is more efficient in terms of capital adequacy and can resists risk more effectively that SBI. The financial statements of SBI & ICICI bank from the period of 2009-10 to 2013-14 have been analyzed for the purpose of the study. Whereas SBI's earning capabilities are far better than ICICI. More or less both banks are carrying on their operations effectively.

244-249

Authors: P. Ravi Kumar, P.A. Varghese

Media plays a vital role in educational programs, health communication and agricultural development. Without a vibrant media no society can function well. The Media plays a significant role in forming and influencing people’s attitudes and behaviour. Gone are the days of chalks and blackboard and the technological changes have brought in digital projection and interactive classrooms. In this new world of interactive media networks, traditional education technology and ignorance of new media are looked down upon. In schools and colleges some of the media are used in teaching and learning. Educational media is a systematic way of designing, carrying out and evaluating the total process of learning and teaching in terms of specific objectives, based on research in human learning and communication In the present age, when scientific developments have made the human life comfortable, media education has gained much importance. Many authors and philosophers have made valuable observations about media and their utilization in schools. So, today Media is very essential tool in education institutions. Without media we can’t imagine the life of the future generation and their knowledge. In this way the present study is an effort to focus on availability of media and their utilization in education institution. In the present study researcher used the survey based on Questionnaire and Interview. Survey based on Questionnaire was used for students to get the information and Interviews were conducted with teachers and administrators of the schools. The researcher chose four schools in Bhadravathi City. The study is located in Bhadravathi Taluk of Shimoga District in Karnataka State. Two Government schools of Kannada medium and two private institutions of English medium are chosen to analyze the impact of language on education and utilizing media. The study also explain the authorities interest and teachers knowledge, weather they have a sufficient training to operate media devices, and know how to effectively link with curriculum and co-curricular activities of the school. This paper also brings out the procedural and pattern wise issues with regard to media availability and utilization in educational institutions.

263-266

Authors: Dr Sweta

This study investigates the relationship between human resource management and employees’ job satisfaction in public and private undertakings. The results revealed a positive relationship between managers and employees’ job satisfaction. The analysis is based on a sample of 100 employees which were randomly chosen from both the sectors. The happier people are within their job, the more satisfied they are said to be. This paper surveys both the sectors in most of the aspects of analysis. However both sectors have their own pros and cons which will be made clear while evaluating job-satisfaction levels among the employees of both the sector. And given that the reward system in the public sector systematically differs from that of the private sector (in terms of pay, benefits, and psychic value), it seems likely that studies of satisfaction levels among private-sector employees may not be applicable to public-sector employees.

273-274

Authors: Kriti Vashishtha

Life skills are basically the psychosocial skills which include personal, social, interpersonal, cognitive and affective components on an individual. For a better life one needs to have better decision making and problem solving skills. If any head or leader posses these characteristics then his/her tasks of making his/her leadership effective also becomes easy. Present study aims to see the impact of life skills sessions on problem solving and decision making attitude of school level leaders. For this purpose, 150 students were selected from 10 different schools. The age group ranged between 16-18 years. It is a pre and post test study. After taking the pre-test of the students (head/leaders) on the basis life-skills questionnaire by NCERT, the students were provided with 10 life-skills sessions (5 on problem solving and 5 on decision making, one session per day). After the sessions, the same questionnaire was administered on the students. On the basis of students’ response, t-test was applied and results have showed a significant enhancement in the skills of decision making and problem solving in the leaders.

284-289

Authors: Ebtisam Hanan

Horticulture sector plays an extremely important role in trade and economy of Jammu and Kashmir State, India. Productivity and export of horticultural produce are vital for supplementing farm income and overall employment in the agricultural sector. J&K State, renowned for its diverse fruits supports more than 5 lac families, and plays an important role (directly or indirectly) in the employment of nearly 25 lac people annually. Survey reports indicate that about 2.175 lac ha is under fruit crops with prospectus of bringing 1.70 lac ha more under fruit plantation crops. Apple has distinction of being principal fruit crop of the state in terms of production, and accounts for about 60-65 % of the total area of 2.95 lac hectares under all temperate fruits. Horticultural production systems hold promising and flourishing trade prospects for enthusiastic entrepreneurs, and as such warrant intense structural changes through diversification, value addition, harmonious integration of modern and indigenous know-how, organized marketing strategies and infrastructure development for the sustainable production of fruits and their processed products.

301-303

Authors: Charu Dhankar

The nature nurture issue has been an important debate in all aspects of the individual development. According to Jensen’s heritability ratio, hereditary has an impeccable influence in the development process. Based on these, dermatoglyphics has been used in the present case study in order to observe the innate potential of an individual, to give parents an insight into their child’s hidden potential and to groom them effectively. The present case study is confined to the acquiring methods and unique quotients of the subject. The findings of the study revealed the unique quotients of the subject and the best suitable acquisition method for the subject. Aim/Purpose: To test the methods of learning and unique quotients of the subject with the help of Dermatoglyphics Multiple Intelligence Test DMIT.

78-92

Authors: M. A. Awal

Although Bangladesh is quite advanced in terms of setting up systems of social safety net (SSN) but the services in dealing climate change has gained little attention. On the other hand some specific public SSN programmes (SSNPs) like Vulnerable Group Development (VGD), Food-For-Work (FFW), Rural Employment and Road Maintenance Programme (RERMP) and Chars Livelihood Programme (CLP) through which most distressed and right less poor especially vulnerable rural women are benefitted, not yet tested whether the programmes promoted as climate proofed. Therefore the study was conducted for adapting those four SSNPs in dealing with climate change shocks like cyclone, flood, drought, water logging and salinity for escaping climate vulnerable poor from chronic poverty. Quantitative analysis has been made using the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2010 data set. Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) session and Case Studies were performed for addressing current SSNPs with their weaknesses or effectiveness and scale up potentialities to explore better livelihood and food security options for climate poor. Relevant stakeholders in government and NGO programmes have been consulted to assess the feasibility of options for further strengthening of aforesaid SSNPs. It is found that the SSN intervention with VGD, FFW and RERMP have minimum scope in dealing with climate change although the said tools are important especially to disadvantaged rural women for creating their employment opportunity as well as poverty alleviation. The VGD beneficiaries can properly be engaged to sustainable income generation and microfinance activities for future saving to promote adaptive capacity which would enhance their resiliencies to cope with climate change. The dead or silted-up rivers, canals or ponds and irrigation channels can be excavated or re-excavated by operating the major workfare SSNPs like FFW and the excavated soil can be utilized for creating, maintaining or elevating rural roads, embankment and other infrastructures which are quite crucial for mitigating the flood, storm surge, water logging or salinity issues. The canals or ponds can additionally be utilized for enough harvesting of monsoon rain or flood water thus salinity and drought problems would be minimized for a better agricultural intervention in the affected areas. The RERMP beneficiaries can be engaged to maintain embankments and tree plantation at pond periphery or at barren land with their proper nursing, compost preparation etc. The CLP is found as a concrete example for achieving climate change adaptation to uplift the socio-economic status of chronic poor char dwellers to recurrent floods in Jamuna and Brahmaputra basins. This programme can be extended from an 18-month to a two-year period and should have to spread-up to the chars of other vulnerable flood prone areas of Bangladesh. A good agricultural marketing system is also essential for proper and timely marketing of CLP-products in the locality.

97-101

Authors: Vivek Subramoniam, Veena Suresh

Waste is always an important problem in this era, where people are not aware of the waste they produce in their household or institutions. Waste is directly linked to human development, both technological and social. The compositions of different wastes have varied over time and location, with industrial development and innovation being directly linked to waste materials. Examples of this include plastics and nuclear technology. Some waste components have economic value and can be recycled once correctly recovered. Waste is sometimes a subjective concept, because items that some people discard may have value to others. With increase in the global population and the rising demand for food and other essentials, there has been a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. Alappad is a coastal village in the Kollam District of the Indian state Kerala. It is situated on a narrow strip of land sandwiched between the Arabian Sea a few species of ham and the TS Canal - the village is approximately 16 km long and its narrowest point is as thin as 33 meters. So the household people and petty shop people are not at all aware of the waste disposal they have been practising for a long time. The practise they make every day become a habit which affect their habitat with waste problems. Collective effort from a village can be initiated for a waste management process. Making a prompt step will be intended for effective waste management or disposal solution leads to a proper waste management process. Community level intervention should have to be done for a effective outcome. The purpose of this study is to analyse the waste disposal at the community located in the Alappad Panchayat in Kollam district of Kerala. The scope of this study within the community is assessed based upon following a three-fold approach. Firstly the awareness of community on the waste production within this community is examined. Secondly, the disposal method or model is evaluated and compared within this community. Thirdly, the Waste Disposal of the members of the community is gauged. The study was conducted upon a thin section of the society belonging to a specific ethnographic framework with the focus upon twenty participants. Data was collected via interviews and through the administration of an observation checklist. The results of this study can be extrapolated to project the overall effect Waste Management or Waste disposal in coastal villages throughout the entire nation of India.

108-113

Authors: Mehjabeen Suraiya Rahman

Assam is the home of different ethnic groups with a variety of cultures and speaking different languages and dialects. The population of Assam consists of the inhabitants who migrated into the region at various periods of history from Tibet, Burma, Thailand and Bengal etc. Over time they got integrated as a population and have given birth to the greater Assamese nation. The amalgamated Assamese identity was initiated by the Great Saint Mahapurush Srimanta Sankardeva with his Neo-Vaishnavite Movement. The movement evolved new institutions of Satra and Namghar which began to serve not only as the instrument spreading the faith, but also helped to sustain and to stabilize Vaishnavism by making it a part and parcel of Assamese social and cultural life.Though Neo Vaishnavism was a religious movement but it has defined the culture of Assam & has its bearing on the livelihood. As the doyen of cultural renaissance and harbinger of Bhakti Movement, Sankardeva took on the orthodox elements of the society and introduced cultural initiatives like Bhaonas & Borgeet etc which had in actual defined the Assamese identity With its dynamic philosophy of inclusiveness Sankardeva’s Neo-Vaishnavism has given birth to a new Cultural Nationalism focused on a national identity shaped by cultural traditions and language, not on the concept of common ancestry or race. The Cultural Nationalism was brought forward to the indigenous people with the help of Satras and Namghar which has a major role to play in the preservation and development of the indigenous culture of the region.The paper is an attempt to study the role of the institutions of Neo Vaishnavism, the Satra & Namghar in the evolution of genesis of Assamese identity and its inclusiveness in nation building. The managerial structure and operations of the Satra shall also be explored in the perspective of its position in the modern Assamese Society in the study. The paper shall go in toe area wherein in the genesis of the Assamese Identity, the Namghar is one of the major pole bearers, playing the multi-faceted role of Cultural Centre, Proto-type Panchayat, and Forum for Decentralized Planning and Decision-making.The paper is also an attempt to understand the impact of Neo-Vaisnavism on the Economic Organization of the society along with the role of women and their empowerment for the sustainable development of a progressive & egalitarian Assamese. Key Words- Cultural Renaissance, Inclusiveness, Nation

119-122

Authors: Nirmal Kumar Tudu, Dulal Chandra Roy

The present research work was done in Nadia district in the state of West Bengal during January, 2011 to December, 2013. From the study revealed that women were responsible for the tasks like taking the animals for grazing, fodder collection, chaffing and storage of fodder etc. Almost entire activities, so far as washing and cleaning of goat sheds and feeding of goats, were being performed by the women. Results indicated that the rural women participation in five blocks in breeding activities was found to be minor activities due to social mores and taboos in society. Analysis of the data revealed that women participation in health care activities was found to be minor activities due to lack knowledge regarding health care activities. The women in their late middle and old age actively participated in health care as they had learnt the things by seeing and out of experience. Most of the respondents interviewed were of the view that they require lot of training and knowledge with regard to the health care aspects. From the study it was seen that no women take decision without the permission of their spouse for selling the animals.

139-142

Authors: Kiran Singh

In the Present era various populations of India have belief in every phase of life sickness. Indigenous knowledge cannot be verified by scientific criteria nor science can be adequately assesses tenets of Indigenous knowledge. Both built on different philosophy, methodology and criteria. These two systems tends to serve contrast exploration of interface. Indigenous knowledge for health concepts articulate physical activity, spiritual emotional element from both individual and communal perspective. Objective: To explore once to indigenous medicine, health local healer. To explore practice used by people during pregnancy discomfort dietary practice source of healing. Area of Study: Himachal Pradesh Village Population Study: Brahmins. It was observed that curing different discomfort during pregnancy women’s are using different local plants.

148-156

Authors: Ruchita Pangriya

India is one of the major exporters of crude drugs including Medicated and Aromatic Plants globally. As per the latest and most recent data available, in 2012-2013 India’s total export of Ayush, Medicinal herbs and their value added products was USD 395.58 million. State of Uttarakhand in India is a natural habitat of the prosperous varieties of herbs, medicinal and aromatic plant species. The Government of Uttarakhand state has also realised this big potential and is continuously trying to tap this wealth. In 2012-2013 the state exported culinary herbs, Aromatic products and medicated products worth ` 29.0 crore. The aim of this study of MAP products in Uttarakhand state is to evaluate the impact of cultivation of MAP products, in relation to the new employment generation and also to study the supply chain management in context to the activities of various agencies engaged in collection, distribution and auction. This paper focuses on the cultivation program running in Uttrakhand by HRDI and its importance in employment generation in the hilly districts. It is very evident in today’s time that a strong supply chain is basic necessity for every organised business to sustain and to be successful in long run. This paper also studies the existing supply chain for MAP products and investigates the loopholes for further improvement so that the cultivators of MAP get maximum monetary benefits with minimum problems. In addition to that, role of different corporations like KMVN, GMVN and Bhesaj Corporation in marketing of these MAP products has also been discussed under the presented study.

165-179

Authors: Samuel Nahom Fesseha, Fan Bin

Due to the rapid and immense quantities of solid wastes products in our city, municipality and urban areas have been increasing day by day due to developments of new Industries. As a result of increasing number of Industries a huge amount of wastes is produced daily in all developing nations and Ethiopia being among them and has surpassed the USA as the world’s largest solid waste (SWM) generator since 2004. The phenomena and critical issues of SW in Ethiopia has inspired this paper to investigate and analyze the SW in an urban area of Ethiopia by comparing the increasing rates of the SW generation with Solid Waste Management (SWM). It is noted that very little effort is being made in handling Solid waste management (SWM) which is one of the public service areas where effectiveness can be easily be gauged, and should not be regarded as a matter of luxury. Addis Ababa in general faces problems which are associated with poor SWM. This study deals with the assessment of Governance in SWM in Addis Sub city. Therefore governance is used as a framework for the study because currently it dominates development discourse and governance policies are implemented by governments aiming at improving urban services such as SWM. The paper has employed both qualitative and quantitative approach with descriptive types of research. Quantitative data was analyzed using statistical tools whereas qualitative data was analyzed in narrative explanation and discussion. The main findings revealed in the paper are: containers are not properly emptied on time, insufficient of support from SWM office, due to the absence of processing and recovery system by MSEs, lack of awareness and poor public attitude towards solid waste management, weak monitoring and evaluation system.

184-187

Authors: Amit Koirala

This study “Alternative funding practices of Sailaja Acharya Memorial Polytechnic (SAMP) explores the approach in practice in the institution even exploring its sustainability and replicability. In so doing the evidences clearly indicate the challenges with the existing practices in the institutions even though the institution has made reliable strategic interventions to overcome them. There are no valid grounds for applying such alternative financing model for its replication in Nepalese context. For carrying out qualitative research, researcher employed case study research design.

3-8

Authors: Amit Koirala

There are various types of opinion on disparities between private and public school in Nepal lead a debate on whether school education should privatize or not. There are opinions in for and against the privatization in school education. Some people argue that the privatization in school education should not be promoted. It creates two classes citizens. Similarly some people argue that the school education is entirely responsible of the government. On the other hand, some gives logic that the government is failure to offer quality education to all children due shortage of funds so, this paper tries to explore the existing debate on public and private schools in Nepal.

27-30

Authors: Manju Samria

The present study was conducted on the sample of 46 women and 75 men respondents from 107 members of five Panchayat Samiti as well as 14 members of Zila Parishad of the upper two tiers of Panchayati Raj institutions (PRI) of Rohtak district, Haryana. For this, stratified sampling technique was adopted for selecting the sample from different Panchyat Samiti as well as Zila Parishad. Interview Schedule was used to collect primary data from all the respondents. Analysis revealed that the socio-economic status of the women were insignificant as compared to the men participants.

36-39

Authors: C.R. Rinu Vasanth, P. Vignesh, R. Swapna Kuamri

In the current scenario quality control became mandatory for all the sectors .This study is intended to examine the impact of internet facilities on students’ performance through a Blended Learning as a medium in an academic institution. It was examined, how the Blended Learning encompasses a variety of tools to create flexible, rich learning environments that stimulate learners and maximizes the potential for learning? Another objective is Application of Six Sigma methodology in this study is to improve the medium of learning i.e. internet connectivity through a set of procedures in an effective way. Six Sigma can be again viewed as a discipline or an approach driven by data and methodology for eliminating defects in any process- from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service. Keeping the aforesaid two objectives in mind, data was collected from a sample of 119 students residing in various hostel blocks using stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was developed after an extensive literature review to measure the impact of internet connectivity in Blended Learning of the students. The questionnaire to measure was based on the model developed by Shawn M. Glynn (2011).The scale was developed by referring to previous models developed by various authors to measure the impact of internet connectivity in the Blended Learning of the students. The statistical analysis used was reliability statistics, KMO, Bartlett’s test and Factor Analysis. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20). We observed that application of Six Sigma methodology is useful to improve the medium of learning.

52-67

Authors: Eliam Y.Z. Kamanga

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that influence the purchase and consumption of alcohol among university students in Malawi. The study sought to recommend strategies that can promote the marketing of alcohol among university students aged 18 and above. Results show that of the 138 respondents, 109 (72% males and 28% females) agreed that they consume alcohol. The study indicates that quality of alcohol influences most students to consume alcohol. In addition, promotions that emphasise on price cuts and special offers have a positive impact on the marketing of alcohol among students. Notable also are subjective social norms which play a significant role in influencing students to consume alcohol with friends other than alone.