Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

9-28

Authors: König Tomáš

The main objective of the article is to determine the territorial scope of the Great Moravian territory of Nitra based on an analysis of archaeological sources. Specific cultural manifestations identified in the focal area of the Danube lowland delimit the studied territory from the settlement of adjacent regions of Slovakia and from the central settled territory in the Morava River basin. An interpretation of the results, supported by a comparison with written sources and linguistic data a new view of the social-political identity of the Nitra population.

51-59

Authors: Juraj Janto

This paper examines the history of the production of bryndza, a sheep milk product considered traditional to and symbolic of Slovakia. Bryndza is a kneaded, salted and preserved sheep cheese is the product of Carpathian sheep breeding and its specific lifestyle associated with the Wallach colonization of Slovakia. Geographical conditions favorable to sheep breeding across most of Slovakia and native adaptations of sheep cheese for better marketability gave rise to this specifically Slovak product and made it the chief export of local sheep breeding. This was significantly aided by dedicated bryndza manufactures the first of which was founded in 1787 by Ján Vagač in Detva. This paper examines its founding and traces its history all to way to its nationalization and dissolution.

77-91

Authors: Martin Hetényi – Peter Ivanič

The Byzantine mission led by st Constantine-Cyril and his brother st Methodius, which reached Great Moravia in 863, had several dimensions. The central theme of this work is to look at how the message of Great Moravia and the Cyrillo-Methodian cult have been spread, mainly in the modern history of Slovakia. After establishing the Hungarian Kingdom, the relations of the local church representatives towards the Methodius‘s followers weakened significantly. By the end of the 10th century, there was again pressure aimed at eradicating the residues of their activities and influence. The Cyrillo-Methodian literary tradition came to a standstill and the application of liturgic habits introduced by the holy brothers was disrupted for a long period of time. It is commonly known that the whole era of the Slovak national revival was fueled by the development of the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition. The cultural value cultivation of the Great Moravian figures in the religious, national, and cultural life of the Slovaks started already during the national revival and flourished in the 20th century. The intensity of spreading the cult of the Thessalonian saints has been different in various Slovak regions. Following the development of the Great Moravian era interpretations that were subject to political pressure, as well as to the limited actual knowledge, gives us the answers regarding the future orientation of the research.

107-123

Authors: Nina Bartošová – Katarína Haberlandová

The industrial architecture of the 19th and 20th century offers various ways in which it can be studied from the point of view of modern architectural history. In the same time, this notion is shared just by a small number of experts – historians, architects or art his-torians – and the subject of industrial heritage stays to a large extent a domain of civic acti-vism. The growing interest of civic associations is driven by an outrage of rapid demolition of a number of key historical industrial sites in Bratislava in the recent past. In the contrast to the public interest, the expert research of industrial heritage might seem as less effective and understandable. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of existing expert research in a connection with interdisciplinary methods that are not yet developed sufficiently. The interdisciplinary team-work has to be done both on the level of official state heritage protection policies and civic activism, as it is confirmed also via contemporary international heritage discourse.

135-140

Authors: Piotrovsky Mikhail B.

This paper examines some of the aspects of exhibition practice at the State Hermitage Museum, in particular, projects related to contemporary art in the context and space of classical museum. The Hermitage Museum as a universal museum, the museum of different styles and epochs. Therefore one of its intentions is to show the art of the latest trends, whether such demonstration is a sign of evolution, or, on the contrary, of regression of culture. Despite the inconsistency of criteria of classical aesthetics in evaluation of art from the 20th to the early 21st century, the museum may show the continuity of tradition while exhibiting contemporary art in the context of art of the old masters.

155-167

Authors: Dalibor Uhlár

This paper deals with the life, family background, career and publishing of histo-rian and museologist Jozef Ernyey. Its objective is to point out to ethnographical, historical and museal research areas he dedicated himself to. Jozef Ernyey’s name is not quite unknown in Slovakia, however much more attention is paid to him in Hungary. Individual areas Ernyey devoted himself to like history, ethnography or botanic are predominantly associated with Slovak contemporary art. He did not write his works in Slovak, despite the fact that Slovak language was not foreign to him. He documented and collected ethnographic material in the field of „kuruc songs“ and folk dramatic plays of German population in Slovakia. His historic works dealt with multiple areas. History of pharmacy, history of castles, book culture and he reviewed Czech, Polish and Serbian authors and historians on pages of Hungarian periodicals. Jozef Ernyey’s name is associated with Hungarian National Museum, The Museum of Natural Sciences in Budapest, where he lived through a substantial part of his creative life. After the World War I he remained loyal to „Hungarian scientific ideology“ what proved in his later publication activities, Despite this he never forgot his „Slovak – upland origin“.

183-189

Authors: Lenka Vargová

The paper summarises scientific and publication and editorial activities of museology department in Bratislava during the last two years. It concentrates on their classification and basic evaluation with regards to museum theory, practice and Slovak historiography.

9-27

Authors: Blanka Szeghyová

This paper is an introduction to the research project on „Topography of the justice system“ which seeks to visualize the workings of the urban justice system in the early modern era in the Kingdom of Hungary. The authors examines places, objects, artefacts, symbols and rituals tied to the administration of justice in the cities, which include 1) city halls with their outer and inner decoration which represents the power and the autonomy of the city; 2) pillories, stocks and prangers; 3) prisons and torture chambers; and 4) executions sites. Judicial rituals, the omnipresent visual symbolism as the primary means of public communication and the selection of specific motifs to represent justice, all of this reflect the contemporary values and ideals as well as ideas on appropriate punishment.

43-56

Authors: Ľuboš Kačírek

This paper examines the publication and editorial activities of museums in the territory of present-day Slovakia, starting in 1868 when first museums were founded, up until 1945. We analyze the growth of museums and the widening scope of their mission which culminated in the late 1930s by using exhibition catalogues, scholarly publications and periodicals published by museums or the foundations that ran them.

69-81

Authors: Katarína Takácsová Bányászová – Pavol Tišliar

This paper examines the formation and the mission of the State Cultural Estate in Betliar (a complex of buildings of historical and cultural value formerly owned by the Andrássy family) as a predecessor of the modern-day Slovak National Museum in Betliar. We map the complex network of ownership of individual properties and its transfer to the government, the beginnings of the Estate as a memory institution and the problems associated with its transformation to one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Slovakia it is today.

99-109

Authors: Marie Gilbertová

For much of its modern history, the city Brno has been a significant industrial center, yet it managed to hold on to its idiosyncratic cultural heritage, a combination rarely seen. In present day, this is evidenced by the reuse and repurposing of defunct industrial buildings and entire industrial sites with the cooperation of various local cultural institutions. The question is, what role do museums have to play in this revitalization of the city‘s heritage? In this paper, we discuss some of the projects that sparked the public‘s interest in the city‘s industrial history which, in turn, prompted city officials to take action to safeguard it. Terms like brownfields, textile plants, industrialists and others have now become staple in the scholarly and public debate surrounding the industrial sites in Brno and it our hope that the discussion will contribute to the preservation of Brno‘s glorious industrial past.

123-135

Authors: Otakar Kirsch

This paper discusses the phenomena, activities and events related to technical museology in the Czech parts of the Communist Czechoslovakia between 1948 and 1989 which influenced the contemporary understanding of museums as a phenomenon or reflected the fundamental nature thereof. Using a focused sample approach, we analyze the period ideas on the nature and mission of technical museology, the participation of its representatives in the research on the history of collecting and museum studies and audience research.

147-158

Authors: Markéta Holubová

Chapbooks as a very specific genre of printed materials are a unique type of a society‘s material memory, one that is currently under threat due both to its physical medium and its ephemeral nature and bibliographic uniqueness. The Institute of Ethnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, as one of the bodies tasked with the preservation of the nation‘s cultural heritage in the area of popular culture, has undertaken to process and make publicly available its collection of chapbooks by first publishing them as books and then by digitizing them and cataloguing them in a publicly accessible online database using the MARC 21 format.

169-173

Authors: Antonina A. Nikonova – Marina V. Biryukova

This paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of digital technologies in the field of preservation of cultural heritage. The methods of creating of virtual cultural storages do not always allow to preserve the true reflection of memory, history and tradition the same way a real museum does and consequently, the axiological meaning of the term heritage is lost. In contrast, virtual museums and digital reconstructions of cultural artefacts help to protect and preserve information which otherwise would be lost. In this paper, we analyze the properties of virtual forms of cultural heritage preservations in the context of interaction between contemporary society and cultural tradition.