Herald of Almaty State Institute of Advanced Medical Education

13-18

Authors: Hasanov Z.B., Nurgaliev N.S., Zhylkaidarova A.ZH., Ishkinin E.I.,Fakhradiyev I.R.

Patients who inherit the BRCA2 and BRCA1 pathogenic mutations and have a positive family history are undoubtedly at increased risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. These facts are clinically important, but there are no specific recommendations on treatment strategies for men at increased risk due to mutations or a positive family history of aggressive prostate cancer. In our review, we analyze the genetic risk factors for prostate cancer and the current impact of screening research. Ongoing and future research will be critical to optimizing prostate cancer screening for men with the highest risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. In the meantime, we offer a practical approach to screening prostate cancer in patients with a BRCA1 / 2 mutation and / or in patients with a positive family history.

26-30

Authors: Jumabekov B.N., Ismailov Zh.K., Jumabekov A.T., Zhao A.V., Sarsenbayev E.Zh., Fakhradiev I.P.

To date, scientific progress has given the surgeon new tools that are designed to improve the quality of operations and reduce the percentage of complications. Before the era of laparoscopic surgery, there was a limited set of tools for connecting tissues, but then various stapling machines and staplers began to appear. This review was originally conducted in order to find the advantages of a mechanical suture. A systematic review of the literature was performed. The search included published meta-analyzes, randomized clinical trials and comparative studies. Keywords for the initial search were: surgical anastomosis, stapler, manual anastomosis. There were no language limitations. Most of the available articles related to resection of the stomach, colon and rectum. We also found data on the use of manual and mechanical suture during resection of the esophagus. From the literature data it is clear that the imposition of a hardware anastomosis takes less operating time, but also cost more than the imposition of the anastomosis manually. With regard to complications and mortality when using a particular method, stapled anastomoses give similar or better results compared with manual technique. However, proper stapler handling and experience remain critical issues.

36-43

Authors: Parmankulova T.N., Kelimkhanova S.E., Nurmanbetova T.M.

One of the most important sources for the production of domestically produced medicinal plants is medicinal plant materials (MPM). Mandatory conditions for the use of MPM (cultivated and wild) are its compliance with regulatory requirements and proven pharmacological activity. The State Pharmacopoeia (MF RK) in the Republic of Kazakhstan regulates the quality of DHP, agreed with the European Pharmacopoeia (EF), and has its own national requirements for individual medicinal raw materials in individual monographs. In the XII editions of the USSR and the Soviet Union, standardization of raw materials, its quality indicators, control methods, regulation of quantitative indicators, etc., is sometimes provided. Different approaches. These types of raw materials include the bark of butterflies, which has long been used in medicine and has become popular among Kazakhstanis. In accordance with the Concept of development and implementation of DP monographs, mulberry grass in the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the XII edition of the XF edition of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan belongs to the DTP chain, which is not described in the USSR Ministry of Finance, which is also not in the pharmacopoeia of near and far abroad. Therefore, its study, the development of the national pharmacopoeia article is an urgent problem. At the same time, the global practice of this DHS study must be taken into account. Of course, this is primarily the requirement of the WHO (World Health Organization) Pharmacopoeia [10] and the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia. Therefore the former state standard was used as the basis for the development of pharmacopoeia articles for bone raspberry of old editions.

51-58

Authors: Issayeva A., Heikkilä J., Ospanova D.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Every year the number of patients on the waiting list for open heart surgery is increasing. The socio-economic development of countries depends on the state of health of the population, since cardiovascular pathologies are mainly affected by the most efficient part of population. Due to the high level of requirements for professional, scientific, technical, and organizational support, modern cardiac surgery is the basis of the progress of healthcare. In many developed countries, the lack of medical staff is common. The economic crisis has affected the labor force, led to a pay cut, and a reduction in the number of medical personnel. For this reason, it is important to focus on developing new competencies for nurses in cardiac surgery. The role of nurses can to be expanded, and it is effective from an economic point of view. Many countries are undertaking nursing education reforms through which, nurses are delegated some of the traditional tasks of doctors - to independently carry out manipulations and to make appointments that do not require serious intervention. In medicine, there are functions for which the presence of a doctor has been identified not necessary, one of which is the Registered Nurse First Assistant (RNFA). The RNFA is a perioperative registered nurse who works in collaboration with the surgeon and other health care team members to achieve optimal patient outcomes. This in turn gives the motivation that the nurse will have new functions, career opportunities, and the opportunity to continue his or her scientific career. Also, the data shows that shifting tasks not only leads to equivalent or improving the quality of medical care, but also efficiency from an economic point of view.

65-71

Authors: Abdrazakova G., Hanna Hopia, Ospanova D.

Objective: analysis of literature data on international experience in studying the attitude and expectations of nurses in relation to clinical nursing guidelines Relevance of the topic. Clinical practice guidelines are new quality improvement tools that are designed to maintain quality, minimize costs, and improve medical care. Clinical practice guidelines integrate treatment protocols, patient care plans and relevant medical professionals into a single care plan that clearly defines the patient’s expected progress and results throughout their stay in hospital. Search strategy: an analysis of 20 English language publications from the Cinahl, Google Scholar, PubMed, eLibrary databases for the last 10 years, from January 2008 to December 2018, was conducted. Inclusion criteria: publications that contain a tool for analyzing the state of attitude and expectation of nurses to new clinical nursing guidelines. The following search queries were used for the search: “Nursing guideline”, “Nursery guidelines”, “clinical practice guideline”, “nursing recommendation”, and clinical nursing guideline. Results: the published studies found contained various information about the attitude of nurses in relation to new clinical nursing manuals. This literature review helped describe the attitudes of nurses in relation to clinical nursing guidelines. Evidence-based clinical nursing guidelines will be accepted as a reliable source of patient care guidelines in primary care. Conclusions: Implementation measures improve attitudes towards guidelines and increase the use of guidelines. These interventions also improve familiarity with clinical nursing guides, which will also be associated with the use of clinical nursing guides.

75-85

Authors: Tashenov A.D., Ospanovа D.A., Kozhakhmetov A.N., Guryanov V.A.

The article emphasizes the role of adaptation processes and the functional state of the autonomic nervous system of the body in providing homeokinesis in laparoscopic operations with high stressor properties. It is noted that the failure of homeokinesis and distress develop in the vast majority of patients. Intraoperative circulatory disorders can lead to ischemic-reperfusion complications associated with carboxyperitoneum.

92-96

Authors: Nadyrov K.T., Ospanovа D.A., Nurbakyt A.N., Darmen N.Zh.

This article examines public opinion on the changes taking place in the healthcare system of a megacity, which serves as an additional argument in clarifying the directions and priorities of investment and innovation development programs.