Society. Environment. Development

3

Authors: G.T. Frumin, Yu.A. Fetisova

The aim of the carried investigation was to develop the way of evaluation of transboundary water pollution. The method of evaluation of transboundary water quality was elaborated. The method is based on calculation of chemical index and classification of the water quality. The method of rating the quality of river water is built on measuring of several chemical options in samples of water. Gained combination of results is further represented in chemical index CJ which represents generalized quantity of water. A relative weight W is determined for each parameter. That weight may be considered as a priority of each parameter. Then the value of sub-index q is determined for each parameter with the help of digitized calibration graphics. The chemical index of water pollution CJ is multiple function of sub-indexes q in degree which is equal to relative weight of each parameter. Also the system rating of evaluation of transboundary water body is based on model of “broken stick”. The quantity of water quality types is 5. On the base of developed method the dynamics of water quality of the transboundary Narva river since 2006 to 2015 year is revealed. It is clear that the water is characterized as “low polluted” (the 2nd type of quality). The chemical index CJ varied from minimal value 90,5 in 2007 to maximal value 92,5 in 2009. During all the examined period the average value CJ was 91.6.

4

Authors: V.Р. Solomin, K.V. Sultanov, A.A. Voscresensky

The article is devoted to the definition of approaches to the human problem in the knowledge society, its specificity with respect to related concepts: information society, risk society, cognitive capitalism. On the basis of sociological and social-philosophical theories of M. Castells and N. Stern, attempts are being made to establish clear criteria that allow us to speak about the knowledge society as a socio-cultural paradigm that creates new and transforms the old types of personality, sociality and social interaction.

4

Authors: A.V. Pronkina

The object of analysis of this article is the specifics of the cosmetic practices of body transformation under the conditions of modernity and the subject – the rational and emotional grounds. The author is of the view that cosmetic practices of body transformation are significant cultural practices, actively integrated into the culture, fixing on the phenomenological and ontological levels, the process of somatic transformational cultural activities. However, practical activities aimed at the cosmetic transformation of the body does not form an independent cultural complex, and is embedded in the implementation of the already existing, complementing and extending their institutional and procedural subject field of culture. Methodological basis of research are the philosophical methods and principles of knowledge – objectivity and integrity, consistency and determinism. The novelty of the presented material lies in the innovation of the question, that is, the dimension of the key reasons the implementation of the cosmetic practices of body transformation from the point of view of their permanent nature with the procedure of identifying the rational and emotional principles, correlated with the production of meanings and mechanisms of culture and cultural activities.

4

Authors: N.V. Lovelius

Data on license hunting for an elk can be used for definition of changes of its number under the influence of global factors of the environment. The conclusion is drawn that such approach is justified.

5

Authors: I.G. Shestakova

Author divide classifies three generations according to their relation to changes in the social and cultural reality, occurring before our eyes: Speed generation, Aborigines of the previous pre-digital era, Generation of euphoria. In the lives of these generations came fracture to which the human race in its history lived in a situation where people lived a conservative life in a constant and unchanging world. Now we find ourselves in an area where the socio-cultural reality is changing before our eyes, t. E. Multiple radical changes in the life of society, caused by the STSC, occur over the lifetime of one generation. These three generations - in this case, the conditional characteristic that depends on the perception and reality do not always coincide with the age division. It is important to note that this division is unique and is temporary. It is characteristic only for our time, where the fact of the simultaneous existence of these three groups is unique. For the first time in history we are at a historical gap, where three generations staying at the same time, characterized not only by age but also by the degree of involvement in the digital being, as well as the ability to adapt to the current rate of development of info-communications, which instantly transform everything in the usual “life-world” (Lebenswelt). More than ever there will be no pre-Internet era, or the era of the low speed, and therefore, the transition to a qualitatively different dimension and a new understanding of information. As would never be an environment in which both converged and fell to the lot of one generation as the beginning of the Internet era, and the most crucial – the beginning of the era of speed - cross the Rubicon that separates the era of slow change, from time to time, where the rate of scientific and technological progress is, that fundamental changes occur repeatedly in life of one generation.

5

Authors: E.S. Urusova

The aim of investigation is analysis of results for applying of complex method consideration of hydrochemical information features in estimation of nutrients flow for the Luga river. The basis for accounting of annual flow is annual concentrations of nitrogen ammonium, nitrogen nitrite, nitrogen nitrate and phosphorus mineral. This annual concentrations was estimated with using of complex method simultaneous consideration of river flow and nonequidistance. Nasser Othman offered this Method. Furthermore, on the stage of preliminary research of concentrations series from initial series was excluded extreme values. The paper compares the results of estimation of annual concentrations and flow, which was calculated with or without consideration of hydrochemical information features. Was shown that using of complex method of estimation of annual concentrations lead to decrease of values among the values calculated by traditional method. The largest income of nutrients was observed from urban territories or not from intercity. The greatest contribution in pollution of the Luga river by the nutrients brings from Kingisepp Town.

6

Authors: Ye Zhaoxia, A.V. Petrov

The article discusses the history of the formation and contemporary issues in the field of economic sociology studies in the People’s Republic of China. Attention is drawn to the fact that the Chinese sociologists consider economic sociology as the direction of sociological researches focused on the study of the social aspects of radical economic changes that have occurred in China in recent decades. It is emphasized that the Chinese scholars, adapting foreign theories, models, concepts to explain the features of Chinese society and economy, focused on the creation of their own, specific approach to the problems and prospects of social and economic development of China.

6

Authors: P.I. Kutenkov

The article discusses the nature and origin of the sign on the views of ancient and modern scientists and thinkers. Scientific connect a sign origin (a sign word, an image) with initial formation of mankind, findings of collective consciousness by him in interrelation with the events in Space and the Universe over time. People in the ancient time connected a Sign origin Good Luck, Space, the Universe, with public consciousness and spirit of culture.

7

Authors: I.Makeev, A. Dmitriyeva

Problems of modern passenger river transport in St. Petersburg are considered. The industry is in urgent need of modernization since the legacy of the Soviet Union has been exhausted. Attention is drawn to the change of the hydrographic network of the city, on the relevance of the issue of the disappeared rivers and canals because in case of the reconstruction of waterways, the old city plans will prove invaluable. The aggravation of the problem of the distribution of traffic flows in the historic center is also connected with the organization of inland water fleet, especially at night during the breeding bridges in the Big Neva area. One of the major limiting factors of water transport development of the city is a problem of pollution of rivers and canals. Only 20% of the city reservoirs can be attributed to relatively clean, while 80% can be classified as dirty and heavily dirty. It is concluded that in order to overcome difficulties and barriers to the development of the river public transport of the city on the Neva the industry needs real support of the city itself. The authors offer concrete strategic steps for further development of water tourism in St. Petersburg.

8

Authors: M.A. Knyazevа, I.A. Smaragdov

The paper sets out the methodology of nuclear structuring ratings of subjects and the results of the application of this technique for the quantification of the level of competition of Russian regional welfare system for families with two children in 2014 and 2015. The basis of nuclear structuring laid analytical materials published by RIA Rating. On the basis of the calculations made conclusions about the dynamics of regional competition of the Russian welfare system families in 2015.

11

Authors: A.I. Subetto

The system genetic theory of time and space is the base of system genetics. The system genetics is the science researching laws of system inheritance in the different system worlds and in progressive evolution system. The structure of any system includes many systems, many cycles, possesses a set of system times. The cycle is the natural scale of system time. System time is a reflection of the system world on itself in the course of the progressive evolution. It generates system space which fractal organization reflects the fractal and spiral organization of system time. The reason of mankind as the observer of the Universe appears not incidentally, and the system genetic theory of time and space bears in themselves the potential of a megaspace proskopiya in process of management of soсial and natural noospheric evolution.