Dogal Afetler ve Cevre Dergisi

1-10

Authors: Umut Okkan, Umut Kırdemir

In the study presented, to define monthly rainfall-runoff relation, a water budget model based on Budyko approach was used. Proposed five-parameter model requires only monthly mean precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data as input. The study region covers the Nif Creek located at the Gediz Basin. Model was calibrated with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. To validate the performance of model calibrated via PSO, statistical measures were assessed. The results derived from the study show that water budget model is successful in modeling of monthly runoff series.

30-45

Authors: Kazım Demirarslan, Halil Akıncı

Factors like unplanned urbanization, transportation and industry in Eastern Black Sea cause significant adverse effects in this region. One of these effects is the air pollution. Air pollution reduces the life quality in cities and also it brings about many health problems. Especially, in winter, fossil fuels are used for the purpose of commercial heating and these fuels cause serious air pollution in the region. One of the important sources which may lead to air pollution in research area is coastal road of Black Sea. This road extends from borderline of Georgia to western Black Sea Region of Turkey and is an important route for transportation. The effects and dispersions of PM10 pollutant in the provinces of Artvin, Bayburt, Giresun, Gümüşhane, Ordu, Rize and Trabzon located along the Eastern Black Sea Region were investigated using maps generated by Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Data related to air quality was obtained from the hourly measurements of the stations used by the Ministry Environment and Urban Planning between 2010 and 2015. According to the study results, it was determined that, in specified date range, the concentrations of PM10 were high; in all seasons for Trabzon and Gümüşhane, in the summer, autumn and winter seasons for Bayburt and especially in the autumn for Ordu.

66-70

Authors: Aydın Tüfekçioğlu, Sinan Güner, Ahmet Duman, Mehmet Küçük

Adverse effect of drought will be decreased with the selection of appropriate plant cover that cause reduction in surface runoff and soil erosion and increase in water availability through increased infiltration. This will also help plant growth and resistance to drought. In addition, plant cover will decrease damage from flooding and land sliding. In this study, effects of black locust afforestation studies in acid rain influenced areas on surface runoff and sediment transportation were investigated and compared to adjacent grasslands. The highest surface runoff and sediment transportation were measured in the periods of May-June and October-November. The total surface runoff in grassland area was 263 m3/ha while it was 18 m3/ha in adjacent black locust area between May and November. The total amount of sediment transported in the same period were 43.6 kg/ha in grassland and 5 kg/ha in black locust area, respectively. Our results indicate that the black locust afforestation studies were more effective than grasslands in preventing erosion and surface runoff in the region.