Hygeia journal for drugs and medicines

1-12

Authors: S. Sandhya*, E. Vidya Sravanthi, K.R Vinod

Plan: The objective of this research investigation was to formulate and evaluate herbal hydrogel incorporated with the extract of Ipomea pes-tigridis intended for anti acne activity. Methodology: The formulation was evaluated for various parameters like organoleptic characters, pH, skinirritation test by multiple compartment patch, microbial contamination, extrudeability, spread ability, drug content, diffusion studies using pig skin,accelerated stability studies, drug excipient interaction studies by FTIR, invitro anti acne and in vivo anti inflammatory activity. Outcome: The formulated hydrogel passed all the evaluation parameters. The hydrogel was olive green in colour and had an excellent fragrance. The diffusion studies revealed that the drugrelease was in controlled release form. The accelerated stability studies revealed that formulation was stable at room temperature whereas its stability reduced with increase in temperature. The FTIR studies showed that there were no drug excipient interactions. The anti acne and anti inflammatory activity showed an activity comparable to that of the standard drugs clindamycin and diclofenac,respectively. Hence it can be concluded that the formulation can be a good substitute for the existing synthetic anti acne agents.

27-33

Authors: Isaac U. Asuzu* and Chinaka O. Nwaehujor

Plan: The anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of D-3-O-methylchiroinositol were investigated in male Wistar rats. Methodology: Diabetes was induced by a single intra-peritoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of alloxanmonohydrate. Five groups of rats comprising six animals in each group were used including a positive control group (glibenclamide, 2 mg/kg), treatment groups (8,4 and 2 mg/kg of D-3-O-methylchiroinositol respectively) and control(untreated) group. Blood samples were obtained from the rat tails every morning before treatment. Outcome: Alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia was significantly (p< 0.05) reduced by 59%, 48% and 41% after four days at 8, 4 and 2 mg/kg respectively compared with the untreated group(-135%) and Glibenclamide (50%). The in vitro anti-oxidant assays (DPPH andFRAP) showed that D-3-O-methylchiroinositol increased anti-oxidant activities with increasing concentration (10 – 400 μg/ml).D-3-O-methylchiroinositol therefore has anti-diabetic hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant activities.

43-50

Authors: S.Deepa*, K.Kanimozhi and A.Panneerselvam

Plan: Isolate and characterize the antimicrobial actinomycetes from sediments of salt pan region of Vedharanyam, located in the Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India. Methodology: The salt pan soil samples were collected The Physico - chemical parameters of soil sample were analyzed. Totally 16 actinomycete strains were isolated. The isolated strains were identified based on the morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. All the 16 actinomycetes were selected for antimicrobial activity. Totally 16 actinomycetes strains were isolated. Antifungal activity was determined against two fungal pathogenic such as Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme. Streptomyces griseoflavus SDAP101 showed maximum level of inhibition against Aspergillus niger followed by Fusarium moniliforme. Molecular characterization of Streptomyces griseoflavus SDAP101were evaluated by PCR amplification of 16SrRNA gene. The genomic DNA and amplified products were separated in agarose gel and the16SrDNA gene of Streptomyces griseoflavusSDAP101species isolated from soil was partially sequenced using specific 16SrDNA sequence primer. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that its closest neighbor was EU827474.1. The16SrDNA secondary structure and the restriction sites of SDAP101 were predicted using Genebee online software respectively. Outcome: The isolation, characterization of the rare actinomycetes from the saltpan region will be useful for the discovery of the novel bioactive metabolites that are effective against wide range of pathogens

56-62

Authors: Dhivya R*, Manimegalai K

Plan: To assess the repellent efficacy of the flower extracts of Calotropis gigantea against Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito and to screen the bioactive compounds present in theflower extract. Methodology: The flower extracts of Calotropis gigantea were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol and the efficacy of the extracts as repellent were assessed on three day blood starved female Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito. The repellent study was following the method of WHO(1996). Outcome: The results suggested thatflower ethanol extract of Calotropis gigantea showed a higher repellency on the adult of female Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito than the other two extracts.The repellent activity was found to be dose dependent and the percentage of protection was found to be directly proportional to the concentration ofextract. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, phenol, flavonoids, sterols, anthraquinone, proteins and quinones in the flower extract. It may be concludedfrom the result that ethanol extract of Calotropis gigantea flower was effective in mosquito vector control and has an excellent potential in controlling the mosquito.

76-86

Authors: KhaledRashed, Lucy Ono

Plan: The aim of the present research was focused on cytotoxic, antiviral and antibacterial properties and the main phytoconstituents of Terminalia laxiflora leaf methanolic extract. Methodology: The methanolic 80%extract of Terminalia laxiflora leaves was tested for cytotoxicityevaluation in Vero cells in-vitro, anti-HSV-1 activity and antibacterialactivity determinations against some bacteria strains and alsophytoconstituents were detected. Outcome: The results showed that T. laxiflora leaves methanol 80% extract showed CC50= 1851 μg/mLand also inhibited completely the development of the HSV-1 induced cytopathic effect at concentration of 238 μg/mL while the extract had no effect on bacterial strains. Phytochemical analysis of theextract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids,triterpenes and chromatographic separation of the extract of T.laxiflora leaves resulted in the isolation and identification ofβ-sitosterol, m-gallate, gallic acid, ellagic acid and five flavonoids,quercetin, vitexin, iso vitexin, quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside and rutin. Thisresearch may be useful in the development of new and effective antiviral agents.

97-103

Authors: Lalit Kumar Sharma *,Narendra Nyola , Shashi Kant, and G.Jeyabalan

Plan: Stability indicating RP-HPLCmethod for the ceftaroline fosamil acetate. Preface: The developed method is simple, fast and accurate and can be used for routine analysis of Market formulations. Methodology: Stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the analysis of ceftaroline fosamil in bulk form. Chromatographic separation was achieved on aX- Bridge shield RP (4.6×100mm, 5µ) column, maintained at 300c with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer in the ratio of 10: 90. The mobile phase pumped at a rate of 1ml/ min. and the detection was carried out at 242.6nm by PDA detector. The retention time was obtained 4.312.The peak area plot was linear over theconcentration range of 50µg/ml to 250µg/ml. The different experimental parameters affecting the stability were optimized. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, LOD and LOQ in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Outcome: The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of ceftaroline fosamil in bulk form.