International Journal for Quality Research

6

Authors: Andrés Carrión-García Angela Grisales José Lara

A correct performance of measurement systems is a key element in the Quality effort of manufacturing organizations. At least as important as calibration processes, Measurement System Analysis is essential to ensure a solid baseline for decision making. Confirming this relevance, Measurement System Analysis is one of the quality core tools for automotive industry, as ensures the validity of the measurements obtained. In variables measurement, some indicators describe different aspects of the measurement system performance, and simultaneously serve as validation criteria for system acceptance. Probably the most important two indicators are the gage repeatability and reproducibility as a percentage of the total process variation (%GRR) and the number of distinct categories (ndc), for which threshold values apply (%GRR should be less than 10% and ndc should be greater than 5). In this paper we enhance the fact that these two indicators aren't independent, and the threshold values are incoherent, creating a possible conflict when deciding the acceptance of a measurement system.

12

Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Thach, Hoang Thanh Hanh, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, Sylwia Gwo?dziewicz, Le Thi Viet Nga, Le Thi Thanh Huong, Vu Quynh Nam

Industry 4.0 and digital technology has been affecting banking activities in most of bank system in emerging markets, esp. in Vietnam, one of the countries having high economic growth in ASEAN nations; so, quality management of technology issues and cyber security management are rising. There are main technologies in 4.0 revolution to process information including: Big Data database technologies, Cloud Computing, Machine Learning, IoT, AI, Business Intelligence, Data Mining and Blockchain Technologies. These technologies are successively implemented in developed and improved security procedures IT and cybersecurity risk management. Also changes to the operating environment IT can occur suddenly and without warning, such as under the COVID-19 international emergency. As the critical sector financial is adapting to expanded remote operations, there is the potential for increased vulnerabilities and potential amplification of the effect of cybersecurity threats. Therefore, organizations need to own the ability to make in new ICT and cybersecurity investments to quickly and effectively adapt to address unforeseen circumstances for better quality management of technology.

14

Authors: Hasan Beyari

The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of the newly emerging research on e-commerce, and synthesise any learnings for e-commerce system development from a quality perspective. A systematic review was conducted using Google Scholar and 39 shortlisted papers were reviewed. The results of the review found the following: The e-commerce industry's rapid growth in 2020 cannot be ignored. Demand for various types of products rose as situational requirements changed and varied among countries. Some countries could not implement e-commerce effectively due to lack of trust and confidence of customers on online transactions and weak laws and regulations to protect them. Some theories like Maslow' hierarchical needs and Ajzen's planned reasoned action and planned behaviour may apply to customer intentions for online purchase as a few results indicate. On the supplier side, various digital technologies to facilitate the display of products, information regarding safety, e-ordering, and payment methods have been used, and new methods are being tested. International organisations like WHO, World Bank, EU and international consultancy agencies like McKinsey have released reports and guidelines in this respect. One firm belief is that the new normal in all aspects of work and life set by the pandemic will continue even after the threat is over. The implications of this research from the perspective of the quality of e-commerce system development are that the system will need to exhibit the following characteristics: gain the trust and confidence of customers by aligning the system with the best practices in online transactions; use suitable digital technologies to facilitate the display of products, information regarding safety, e-ordering, and payment; and ensure there is sufficient supply of the products offered.

14

Authors: Kateryna Lysenko-Ryba

The aim of this publication was showing the place of returns in logistics customer service and highlighting the need to take care of returns, as a large part of them is caused by the abuse of the returns policy by customers. The research process included the development of research tool such as questionnaire. Surveys of anonymous nature were made by CAWI technique among individual customers from Poland on a sample 327 respondents. The research process carried out as well as the analysis of the obtained results allowed to respond to the research questions. As a result, it can be stated that returns play an important role in customer service management process. Moreover, consumers honestly admit to the abuse of return policies.

16

Authors: Inna Mitrofanova, Olga Chernova, Svetlana Pyankova, Elena Kleitman

The authors reason the necessity of moving beyond the methodology of geo-ecological planning in assessing coastal areas investment potential and developing the system of technics enabling to take into consideration environmental and economic risks as well as industry specifics of the realized project. The paper represents the authors' toolware enabling to assess the influence of separate kinds of environmental and economic risks on every component of investment potential of the region; it includes the appraisal of the application of the proposed toolware in coastal areas of the Azov Sea and the Low Don of the South of Russia demonstrating its usefulness for regional management. The author's system of technics enabled: to identify risks of project realization in the sphere of developing tourist and recreational complex on the territories under examination; to estimate the level of significance of environmental and economic risk for every component of the area's investment potential.

18

Authors: Michela Poli, Elisabetta Bianchini, Davide Cornolti, Silvia Pardini, Elisabetta Pisano, Elena Simi, Lorena Tedeschi, Giorgio Iervasi

In recent years the contraction of public and private investments in many countries has had a negative impact on the research activities and innovation. The strategic fundraising has become increasingly complicated and the need for accountability to the stakeholder in spending the funding drawn requires full transparency and effective organization in management. The public research institutions to be more competitive and transparent could optimize its management introducing new organizational models such as Performance Management System. The adoption of "traditional" tools to manage performance remains controversial and the balance between respect for the researcher's freedom and personnel management policy represents the main difficulty. A winning strategy for applying Performance Management System could be the implementation of a personalised Quality Management System tailored on the need of the public research institution. In our experience we adopt a custom-made model, which incorporates the Common Assessment Framework developed for the public sector. In this work, we described the implementation of the model and the results obtained after four years of application.

20

Authors: Alexander N. Alekseev, Svetlana V. Lobova Aleksei V. Bogoviz

This paper aims at determining the influence of digitalization on quality of labor in developing countries. Originality and novelty of this research consist, firstly, in specifying the characteristics and systemic treatment of quality of labor in view of the priorities of all interested parties - entrepreneurship, employees, and government. Secondly, the influence of digitalization on quality of labor is studied in detail at the empirical level of economics with the use of statistical data, which allows determining precise causal connections and forming a reliable evidential base of the considered concept. Thirdly, an assumption of contradiction of the influence of digitalization on quality of labor is a new one. This influence is not treated positively a priori - instead of this, we offer a hypothesis on the combination of the positive and negative influence, which is verified in the course of the research. Fourthly, experience of developing countries is studied, which allows determining the specifics of the influence of digitalization on quality of labor in these countries as compared to developed countries. This will help differentiating the practices of digitalization from the positions of the consequences for labor quality and developing separate approaches for labor quality management in the digital economy of developing countries. Fifthly, digitalization is specified, and the influence of various directions of digitalization on quality of labor is studied. This allows obtaining detailed conclusions and compiling highly-effective practical recommendations. As a result, it has been determined that the maximum systemic growth of characteristics of labor quality based on digitalization in developing countries in the period until 2024 constitutes 78.63%. Harmonization of digitalization in developing countries for the purpose of increasing labor quality envisages increase of the level of development of digital technologies by 68.83% and digital perspectives by 46.22%. Management implications are offered for this.

20

Authors: Vladimir S. Osipov, Dmitry V. Martynov, Igor A. Shulyatyev, Tatiana V. Panova

The purpose of this paper is to form a new approach to provision of quality of entrepreneurship's products, which is based on financial management and the idea of company's large interest in increasing product quality for the formation of sustainable, long-term, and unique competitive advantages in the target market, which cannot be achieved by means of marketing or prices. This approach is oriented at a progressive society, in which living standards are differentiated but allow consumers to accept higher price due to higher product quality, and marketing effects are limited due to higher level of awareness and responsibility of consumers. Originality of this work is due to the following advantages as compared to the competing studies. Firstly, the structure of quality is specified: the commercial and non-commercial components are distinguished. The indicators of official statistics with which the both components of quality could be measured quantitatively are determined. Secondly, the level of socio-economic development of countries and its influence on preference for financing and the created positive effects for product quality in entrepreneurship are determined. Thirdly, the differences are determined and the preference for sources of financial provision of quality in entrepreneurship is substantiates - state financing of innovations and direct foreign investments. Fourthly, the methodological recommendations on financial management of product quality in entrepreneurship depending on consumers' priorities are offered.

20

Authors: Elena V. Karanina Marina A. Selivanova Irina A. Skudnova

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new scientific and methodological approach to scientific research and practical implementation of state management practices in global financial markets, which would take into account the specifics and would realize the potential of the digital economy due to using the factors, threats, criteria, and indicators of industrial and manufacturing engineering. Originality of the research consists in the following: firstly, it envisages evaluation of the results of state management in global financial markets from the positions of quality, due to which high precision of evaluation of achieved, and it becomes applicable for thorough scientific research of causal connections of management in global financial markets. Secondly, a treatment of quality of state management in global financial markets through the prism of economic security risks is offered. Thirdly, the specifics of the digital economy are given: the essence of security of global financial markets in the conditions of the digital economy in the aspect of domination of new - cybernetic - risks are given, and the indicators of development and tools of state management in global financial markets are considered. The factors, threats, criteria, and indicators of industrial and manufacturing engineering are used for studying them.

24

Authors: Ana Beatriz Cardoso de Sousa Alvarenga, Maximilian Espuny, José Salvador da Motta Reis, Fernanda De Oliveira Silva Nilo Antonio de Souza Sampaio, Thaís Vieira Nunhes Luís César Ferreira Motta Barbosa, Gilberto Santos, Otávio José de Oliveira

The level of Quality of Life (QoL) influences and reflects some elements of student health and impacts on academic performance. The objectives of this study were to analyze content to identify the main research opportunities and challenges on the qualityoflifeof students aged 15 to 16 years in public and private schools, and to verify if there is a correlation between student QoL, social, economic, and educational indicators. The methods adopted in this research were bibliographic research, content analysis and multivariate statistical analysis. The academic contribution of this work was the articulation of a theory on student quality of life, and the applied contribution was subsidy for the government and educational institutions to elaborate strategies, considering the correlations between the economic, social and educational variables.