CONTEMPORARY ECONOMY JOURNAL

18-31

Authors: Emil DINGA

The paper focuses on the logical path from information acquiring to theory elaborating. To this end, the entire chain from signal – sign – information – knowledge – theory is examined and clarified from a logical point of view. Mainly, the passing from one to another of the chain components is analyzed in order to get the general mechanisms of theories emerging. The paper has a strong general and abstract character, so its results can be applied both to natural sciences and to social sciences like economics.

36-49

Authors: Marian ZAROSCHI

Accounting as a mathematics-derived science appeared in Venice during the Renaissance, and permanently evolved and adapted to the economic development of society and addressed the increased information needs in the context of emerging economic entities and investors. The development of entities and increased economic complexity also increased the number of people interested in the information resulting from the informational subsystem of accounting. Today, when globalization has visible effects, and company holdings are active in multiple countries, and technical progress is on the rise, the information flows employed by accounting increased at the same pace with such entities. Selecting from the complexity of information travelling in the world economy requires an accounting normalization process, and the unitary understanding of the complexity of information flows generated by accounting required a harmonization of the summary documents, accounting methods and terminology. Romania, as part of the world system of information flows, subscribed to accounting normalization and accepted two accounting organization models. On one hand, the application of the accounting referential to a defined group of entities as established by international rules (IFRS – under Order no. 881/2012 of the Ministry of Public Finance) and the other entities applying the national rules established under Order no. 1802/2014 of the Minister of Public Finance, in force as of 01 January 2015. Considering the extent of the implementation of established principles, assessment bases and accounting-specific practices, and the large number of people interested in the information flows generated by accounting, and the influence exerted on large population groups, one can safely state that this is a social science.

70-90

Authors: Radu BORES, Ana Maria HLACIUC

This paper presents a view over the development of new technologies and infrastructures that lead to the rise of decentralized digital currencies such as Bitcoin. In the context of an evolving cyber security environment and increasing dependence on computer systems, such solutions present not only interesting applications, but also challenges to developers, regulators and even users. We analyze several financial applications branching out of this technology and various derivatives from the initial developments, such as smart contracts. Also, we look at several limitations that have to be addressed in order for these technologies to be sustainable for the future and succeed.

110-127

Authors: Nicoleta CICIOC, Diana ŞERB

Lack of education generates unfathomable repercussions both on the individual and on the society. A State spends more money on an uneducated person than on a person that has benefited of educational services, regardless of the level graduated. A piece of information that is valid today and which we can test, might be outdated after a while, and this higlights the fact that a man should not stop his educational process as soon as he finishes his high school or university studies but should remain forever connected to what is new. Education is a topic arousing the interest of many specialists, yet also the priority axis of the European strategies. The novelty brought by the present paper is that beside a solid conceptual approach we have also realized a research based on a survey approached from two perspectives (the perception of present beneficiaries of formal education and the perception of people who finished their studies). The general conclusion of the paper is that a society without educated people is an endangered society.

137-148

Authors: Isabela STANCEA

In the current socioeconomic situation in Romania, the best way of efficient functioning of a small business is the authorized natural person. The authorized natural person is a natural person who meets the conditions provided by law to carry out any form of economic activity permitted by law, using mainly its workforce. The economic activities provided by an authorized natural person may be carried out in all areas, trades, occupations or professions that law does not expressly prohibit for free initiative. The authorized natural person may conduct its activity according to the purpose for which it was established or may employ, as an employer, third parties with an individual employment contract concluded under the law. A person can cumulate the status of authorized natural person with that of employee of a third party that works both in the same field, and in another area of economic activity than that for which it is authorized. The authorized natural person shall not be considered an employee of third parties with whom they collaborate, even if collaboration is exclusive.