Within thermodynamic models of gravity, where the universe is considered as a finite ensemble of quantum particles, cosmological constant in the Einstein equations appears as a constant of integration. Then it can be bounded using Karolyhazy uncertainty relation applied for horizon distances, as the amount of information in principle accessible to an external observer.
The present paper extends a previous proof of the Clock Hypothesis from the case of light clocks to clocks realized from oscillating massive particles. We also extend the study from the case of clocks undergoing constant proper acceleration to the case of clocks undergoing variable proper acceleration. We transformed the problem into one of general relativity and we applied the Euler- Lagrange formalism, thus providing a straightforward tool in solving this class of problems.
In the current paper we present a generalization of the transforms of the electromagnetic field from the frame co-moving with an accelerated particle into an inertial frame of reference. The solution is of great interest for real time applications, because earth-bound laboratories are inertial only in approximation. We conclude by deriving the general form of the relativistic Doppler effect and of the relativistic aberration formulas for the case of accelerated motion.
In the current paper we present a generalization of the transforms of the electromagnetic field from the frame co-moving with a rotating observer aligned with the axis of rotation into an inertial frame of reference. The solution is of great interest for real time applications, because earthbound laboratories are inertial only in approximation. We conclude by deriving the general form of the relativistic Doppler effect and of the relativistic aberration formulas for the case of uniformly rotating frames.
The properties of quantum solid solutions are investigated theoretically taking into account the interaction between waves of different nature: phonons and impuritons. The wave’s interaction leads to a nonlinear Schrodinger equation that describes soliton - the impuriton-phonon, a new quasiparticle. As shown, the impuriton-phonons have velocity comparable to sound speed. Under heat step at the inclusion-matrix boundary a chemical potential step is formed. This leads to transition of 3He atoms into the matrix with one of the following mechanisms: (i) phonon emission and band movement of the impuriton; (ii) threshold emission of the impuriton-phonon (the photoelectric effect analogy). It is shown that the narrow impuriton band cannot describe the rapid movement of the impuriton-phonon quasiparticle; alternative descriptions, channeling and induced transformation of the band, are proposed. It qualitatively explains the experiments with rapid dissolution of the 3He phase inclusion in the 4He matrix.
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