Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century

81-82

Authors: Editorial Board

Cover, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2020

84-86

Authors: Sergii Boltivets

Among the threats and dangers of the future, our duty to the younger and future generations is to develop the instincts, feelings and self-preservation of children and young people, who by their very birth suffer from inventions, conflicts and crises inherited by all previous older generations. The dominants of future self-preservation are in the mental development of children and youth, the main of which we consider mental abilities, development of feelings and especially - a sense of empathy for all living things, as well as - the imagination of every child and young person. her own life and the lives of others. Our common methodology should be to understand that the social world is not simplified, but complicated, and we have a duty to prepare our children and young people to solve these complications.

93-101

Authors: Inna Boychenko

The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the professional self-identity in future psychologists in terms of educational and professional training. The objectives of the study were: 1) to identify theoretical approaches to the problem of professional identity and self-identity in terms of professional training; 2) to research the features of self-identity in the course of a professional choice by students-psychologists and their educational and professional adaptation. To solve the particular research problem: 1) the features of self-identity in the course of professional choice by students-psychologists and their educational-professional adaptation are defined; 2) questionnaire was developed for identification of the features of students-psychologists’ awareness of their professional choice and adaptation to professional training and the need for professionally significant qualities. To identify the features of the professional self-identity of future psychologists in the study of a number of methods were: 1) "Methods of studying professional identity (MVPI) (author LB Schneider); 2) questionnaire "Professional choice and educational-professional adaptation of future psychologists" (author IS Boychenko). 178 students of III-IV courses of the Pedagogical and Psychological Institute of the National Pedagogical University named after MP Drahomanov and 5-th courses of the psychological faculty named after T.G. Shevchenko and the Faculty of English of the National Linguistic University took part in the survey. The analysis of the conducted methods revealed that the predominant types of professional choice awareness by students-psychologists in the course of their educational and professional activity are the moratorium on professional identity, premature professional identity and diffusion of professional identity. The reasons for this state of the students may be unconscious or insufficiently conscious choice of profession by the latter as well as insufficient professional support of these students by psychologists. The acquisition of professional self-identity by future psychologists takes place: (I) in a group during the educational process (lectures, practical group classes, educational and psychological practice, attempts at one's own psychological practice), (II) individually, and (III) under the guidance of a mentor. In the course of these psychological practices, especially during their own attempts at practice, future psychologists begin to form an idea of their professional functions. This is an important prerequisite for the formation of their professional identity. According to the results of the research of the students-psychologists with achieved positive professional identity, the types of practical activities can include psychological (attempts at personal practice) and educational-psychological practice (according to the curriculum), that is mastering the profession through training in HEI and beyond, satisfaction of professional needs. The perspective of the research is the problem of conformity of the professional self-identity formation of future psychologists to the social requirements and the availability of conditions to ensure their professional development during educational activities and beyond.

113-122

Authors: Ieva Pakse, Guna Svence

The aim of the study is to adapt linguistically and psychometrically the construct of flourishing and to compare four most popular measuring instruments by looking at their psychometric validity indicators and examining in more details the flourishing level of randomized sample in Latvia (N=312). As this construct was not adapted in Latvia jet, it is a new concept both – in terms of content and psychometry. Therefore, the tasks of research were more related to the study of the construct’s own content by comparing most popular flourishing measuring instruments, their internal consistency, analyzing the convergent validity of measuring instruments, and studying of the relationships between various demographic indicators and the level of flourishing. The research results confirm that flourishing scores of all four measuring instruments mutually correlate, that suggests cross compliance of all four instruments. Demographic indicators as education and occupation are the only ones which are mathematically plausible, but only at trend level correlate with flourishing characteristics. The data adapted in the study and psychometrically tested methodologies can be used in the practice of psychologists and in other studies in the future. The discussion raised the question of why neither gender nor age correlate with flourishing, that contradicts other similar studies in the word.

135-147

Authors: Stanislava Stoyanova

A new Brief Rumination Scale was constructed to measure rumination as repetitive thoughts about negative past events and regrets. Its good psychometric properties were established in a heterogeneous Bulgarian sample of 1274 healthy individuals – one-factor structure, high enough internal consistency, proven convergent, discriminant and intentional validity. It was found that rumination decreased with past positive time orientation and present hedonistic time orientation. Rumination increased with past negative time orientation and proneness to dysfunctional impulsivity. Regarding social differences in rumination, it was found that the participants whose income was above the medium (but not the highest one) and who were living in cities with more than 50,000 inhabitants were more prone to moderate rumination than expected – they emphasized on unfavorable events in their past and expressed regret about more omitted opportunities in their life. A brief, valid and reliable measure of rumination would shorten the process of conducting a study and would make it more probable the subjects to agree to participate in the study in this way enriching the scientific knowledge.