Bulletin of Science and Practice

10-15

Authors: Erkebaev U.

Uniform asymptotic expansions of small-parameter solutions of bisingular Dirichlet problems for a ring with any degree of accuracy are constructed by a generalized method of boundary functions and a small-parameter method. The investigated problems have two features: equations with a small parameter in the first derivatives and external solutions simultaneously have increasing features on the boundaries of the domain, i. e. limit equations have singularities at the same time on both boundaries of the ring. Formal asymptotic expansions are based on the maxima principle and the method of differential inequalities. The resulting asymptotic series are represented by the Puiseux series. The main term of the asymptotic expansions of the solutions has a negative fractional power with respect to the small parameter.

27-38

Authors: Babayeva A., Adygozelova S., Mikailova S., Abdullayeva K., Mamedova A.

The comparative geographical approach to the study of soils consists in the parallel study of soils and soil formation factors at various points and in the analysis of their relationships. Compilation of profiles can be carried out in the office (if there is sufficient cartographic material) or on the basis of special field studies. Often both of these methods are combined: profiles of smaller scales are compiled in the office, and larger scales — on the basis of special field studies. Soil formation factors were also applied to these profiles (first of all, the relief that determined the profile line), while usually only those factors were applied that had a decisive influence on the differentiation of the soil cover, caused the emergence of soil combinations.

48-57

Authors: Bidzhieva A., Chiriapkin A.

Various parts of plants have long been widely used for the treatment and prevention of diseases. They are a valuable source of biologically active compounds, especially they are rich in polyphenolic structures. Rutin belongs to the group of some of the most common flavonoids in plant objects. Animal organisms do not have enzyme systems for its synthesis, so it enters the human body only with plant food. Rutin is widely used as a component in herbal medicines, multivitamin preparations, in the cosmetology, food and chemical industries. This article discusses the biological activity of rutin, namely antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. The article summarizes the current data on the above-mentioned types of biological activity. It follows from the presented research results that rutin is a promising compound with multi-target activity for the treatment of various diseases. It can serve as a basis for the creation of new highly effective pharmacological molecules based on it.

69-77

Authors: Shermatova U., Mukhtarali kyzy B., Mamarasul kyzy M., Zhunusbaeva P., Alybekova U.

The authors of the article come to the conclusion that in order to further reduce the infant mortality rate and save every life, a constant comprehensive analysis of the indicators is necessary, taking into account the structure of infant losses. In the scientific work, an analysis was made of the qualitative indicators of the neonatal service of the maternity hospital of the Osh Interregional Clinical Hospital of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2022, where a comparative analysis of the birth rate for 2020-2022, an analysis of the incidence, mortality and nursing of premature babies for 2022 were disclosed.

89-99

Authors: Kozuev K.

Research relevance: the paper describes body mass composition in women residing in mountain area, taking into account body types. Endomorphy is often diagnosed. Research objectives: to study the features of the body composition of healthy women of different somatotypes living in the highlands of the Alai valley. Research materials and methods: the object of the study were practically healthy women aged 21-35 years old living in Alai and Chon-Alai regions (h 2469-3325 m about sea level). A total of 209 mountain women were examined. Research results: the content of fat, lean, active-cellular, skeletal-muscle mass was established. Conclusions: the normative values of the phase angle, body mass index, content of the total and extracellular fluid of the body were determined.

111-117

Authors: Temirov N., Temirova V., Abzhaparova A., Abdimomunova B., Zholdoshev S.

The results of the organization of express testing and vaccination against viral hepatitis B among the adult population of the city of Jalal-Abad are presented. From 01/18/2023 to 03/22/2023, 1.6% of people subject to testing and vaccination against blood-borne viral hepatitis applied for testing (n=208). Of these, (n=199) 95.6% of people tested negative and (n=9) 4.5% of people tested positive for viral hepatitis B. Daily load at testing and vaccination sites is very low from 6.2 to 9, 4 people per day. During this period, a slightly large proportion of those vaccinated when receiving the first and second dose falls on the age group of 30-39 years (26.9%), and in second place is 40-49 years (24.1%). In third place are 50-59 years old (21.2%) and those aged 60 years and older — 18.9%. The lowest coverage is in the 20-29 age category (8.7%). More women apply for vaccination against parenteral viral hepatitis — 67.7%. Among those who applied for 1-2 vaccinations, the largest share is made up of unemployed 36.8-37.4% (code 120), the second position is occupied by examination for clinical and epidemiological indications — 27.2-26.4% (code 113) and the third position — medical workers 18.1-19.3% (code 118). When collecting epidemiological anamnesis of persons with positive results of the express test, possible sources of infection were found out: in dental institutions — 22.2%, in maternity institutions — 11.1%, contacts in the focus of viral hepatitis — 11.2% and the source of infection is unknown — 55, 5%.

126-133

Authors: Korolev M., Nanishvili O., Yusupov, I.

The paper analyzes the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing at the BS4-5 facility. The results of the hydraulic fracturing design calculation in the RN-GRID program are presented. On the example of well no. 5563, an analysis was made of the increase in production rate after hydraulic fracturing, depending on the volume of fluid injection into the reservoir. Recommendations are given for choosing the optimal volume of fluid injection during hydraulic fracturing.

147-153

Authors: Dautov Ya.

This article is devoted to the consideration of state mechanisms for stimulating the development of households in the Kyrgyz Republic. In the introduction, the simplest definition of the concept of ‘economic incentive’ is given, and it is also said that, depending on the type of human activity, the corresponding type of income will be the main economic incentive. The following is a brief history of the different views of economists on the issue of state intervention in the national economy. Then some main statements of modern authors about the role of state regulation of the economy are given. The main part of the article is devoted to the description of state mechanisms for stimulating the development of households in the Kyrgyz Republic. At the same time, special attention is paid to the state stimulation of employment and entrepreneurial activity.

162-168

Authors: Kydyraliev Zh.

Local self-government in the Kyrgyz Republic, due to changes in the state structure and the political situation in the world, has undergone many changes in the legal status, powers and responsibilities and has earned such a constitutional and legal status that it now has. Each upcoming change in the constitutional and legal status of local self-government was accompanied by the prerequisites for changes in the Basic Law of the country. The development of local self-government is associated with the acquisition of an appropriate constitutional status at each stage of the changes taking place in the country.

176-183

Authors: Amanaliev U.

Various opinions about the form of state government are considered and analyzed. The article examines the reasons for the adoption of the presidential form of government in the Kyrgyz Republic, notes the shortcomings of the form of state government in the 2010 Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic.

197-209

Authors: Imankulov T.

Based on the analysis of references-justifications to the draft laws of the Kyrgyz Republic “On Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic” and “On Amendments to the Constitutional Law of the Kyrgyz Republic “On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Kyrgyz Republic”, the author comes to the conclusion that they contradict the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, the recommendations of the Venice Commission of 2021, the international obligations of the Kyrgyz Republic, create a conflict of interest, critically weaken the prosecutor’s office as almost the main supporting structure of the Kyrgyz statehood. At present, the author proposes, on the contrary, to strengthen the prosecutor’s office based on the experience of the Soviet law on the USSR prosecutor’s office for the effective implementation of the human rights functions assigned to the prosecutor’s office.

220-228

Authors: Tyurina A., Ivanov D.

The article is devoted to the study of the hard of hearing children mental development brought up in families of hearing parents. The article substantiates the relevance and need for special attention to children with impairment of hearing. The general characteristic of the concept ‘hard of hearing child’ is given. The factors influencing hearing loss are identified, three groups of children with impairment of hearing are characterized: deaf, hard of hearing and late deaf children. An analysis is made of the development of mental processes in hard of hearing children: sensations and perception, attention, memory, thinking and speech. The features of the hard of hearing children mental development in families of hearing parents are revealed. A description is given of the study, the purpose of which was to compare the intellectual abilities of hard of hearing children with and without mental retardation. The characteristics of the sample and diagnostic tools of the study are given. A dependence was found on the success of children in completing tasks: success in two subgroups decreases as the tasks become more difficult. At the same time, the success of hard of hearing children with mental retardation is lower than that of children without developmental delay, with the exception of tasks to detect an analogy between pairs of figures in the matrix. The results made it possible to state that in many respects the family and other social institutions perform an educational, corrective and emotionally supportive function, which has a positive effect on the mental development of hard of hearing children. The need to provide high-quality professional psychological assistance to hearing parents is noted.

235-239

Authors: Leonteva I.

At present, modern educational technologies include not only the use of information and communication technologies, as well as distance learning technologies, but also additionally teaching students the skills of research. When studying the issue of organizing the mass practice of teaching research activities to schoolchildren in biological education, it is useful to refer to the experience of higher educational institutions. A mandatory attribute of university education is field research practice. This practice is designed to train research skills and develop the competence of young scientists. Expeditionary activity is a unique tool for the development of the students personality. The author analyzed and critically reviewed modern educational technologies in the field of scientific research as a means of increasing the effectiveness of teaching biology.

247-252

Authors: Madieva A.

The essence of distance learning at the present stage of development is that the educational process is organized in such a way that almost all students are involved in the process of acquiring new knowledge and skills. The joint activity of students in the learning process, the development of educational material means that everyone makes their own special individual contribution, there is an exchange of knowledge, ideas, ways of activity. These features in modeling the distance learning system in the educational environment of the university will allow you to create an adaptive system for organizing the student’s learning process. The student must have general cultural and professional competencies: work in a team, independently acquire and use new knowledge and skills in practice, strive for self-development, set and solve applied problems using modern information and communication technologies, implement and justify the choice of design solutions for solving problems. The article presents various mechanisms for measuring the competencies of students studying in distance learning, which can be achieved using various methods: online testing, online questionnaires, project evaluation, interactive games and simulators, online cases, etc. It is important to note that the choice of a mechanism for measuring students’ competencies in distance learning should depend on the goals and objectives of the course, as well as on the curriculum and the specifics of the subject area. Thus, to measure the competencies of students studying in distance learning, it is necessary to use a variety of methods that allow you to get the most complete picture of the knowledge and skills of students.

260-268

Authors: Sulaimanova G., Uzakbaev I.

The subject of the study is the definition of the concept and components of professional and pedagogical support for a teacher of primary general education in educational and cognitive activities. The purpose of the work is to analyze the relevant literary sources to clarify and determine the components of pedagogical support. The study used a theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, content analysis and the method of system analysis. It has been determined that for the implementation of the State Educational Standard of Primary General Education, the actualization of the needs of the teacher in revising his professional pedagogical activity has matured. The need for pedagogical support was identified by organizing a permanent course (seminar) on the assimilation of a complex of computer and software tools, in planning and conducting the educational process according to new requirements, reviving one’s reflection in professional and pedagogical activities and carrying out an objective analysis of the effectiveness of the educational process. The results of the study are recommended to teachers, students and course leaders for enriching knowledge and practical improvement of the professional and pedagogical preparedness of teachers.

274-280

Authors: Albanbaeva D.

This article explores the systems for assessing employee satisfaction in universities in Kyrgyzstan. It discusses various methods and tools used to evaluate employee satisfaction and their impact on overall effectiveness and development of the university. The article also examines the benefits and importance of employee satisfaction assessment systems for modern universities, their influence on creating a favorable work environment, and employee motivation. Readers will gain an overview of the main employee satisfaction assessment systems implemented in Kyrgyzstan’s universities and learn how these systems help improve working conditions and enhance the productivity of university staff.

288-294

Authors: Kalykeeva A.

In the modern world, the problem of preserving and strengthening one’s health comes first, it is one of the most important human values, a guarantee of well-being and longevity. Everyone has the opportunity to strengthen their health, preserve their ability to work, endurance, physical activity, so it is very important to start taking care of their health from an early age. Healthy lifestyle habits should be promoted from an early age in the educational process in general education institutions. A healthy lifestyle and health values are important elements of belonging to society. Those who develop a healthy lifestyle and recognize the importance of health are important members of society who contribute to the mental and physical health of children of the next generation. They are important members of society who contribute to the mental and physical health of future generations. The article presents the results of a study on the value attitude to the health of schoolchildren. The respondents showed good results, so high personal significance of health in 50% people, insufficient significance in 17% people, low significance in 33% people. The results obtained indicate that for 50% of the subjects, health is one of the most important values of life, to which they assign a high step in the hierarchy of conditions necessary for a happy life. Thus, a healthy lifestyle is considered as a value manifested in the relationship ‘person-lifestyle’ and revealed through the following ideas: the idea of the value of health, the idea of leading a healthy lifestyle, the idea of a person as a responsible subject.

303-311

Authors: Mukasov Y., Alymbaev A.

During the Soviet era, the topic of ‘Aryans’ was one of the taboo topics for research. Recently, especially after the discoveries of the science of DNA, the interest of scientific people in this topic has greatly increased. In particular, the studies of such Russian scientists as prof. A. A. Klyosov, are widely distributed and read in the CIS countries and abroad. In fact, the topic needs to be analyzed from a scientific point of view, a comprehensive and in-depth study by scientists from different nations. In this article, we considered it appropriate to express our criticism from the historical and philosophical aspect of the misuse of the terms ‘Aryan’ and ‘Indo-Iranian’.

321-329

Authors: Kabatay kyzy A.

Proper names are considered within the framework of the macrotext on the example of the texts of modern authors. The role of poetonyms is revealed when working with the image of a hero: naming as an indicator of social status, self-perception of a name, a name in communicative situations, etc. Currently, there is an increase in interest in the study of onomastics, including literary onomastics. A work of art is a special area of the functioning of proper names: here the words correspond not only with the real world, but also with the created reality; not only with modern discourse, but also with the language of the work itself. In the text, onymic units establish associative links. Proper names are an important component in the system of means of artistic expression. There are not so many works devoted to the study of the language of modern prose. In the scientific literature, the proper name’s role in works of fiction has not been fully studied. The subject of this study is proper names in a literary text. The object is the proper names of a literary text in modern prose. The theoretical and methodological basis was the work of domestic and foreign linguists. In the analysis of practical material, a descriptive method was used, systematization of onomastic units was carried out, as well as a generalization regarding the binding role of these linguistic elements in a literary text. The name is the bearer of a certain meaning, which reflects the conceptual intent of the author. It has been established that the choice of proper names in an artwork is determined by the context and is subject to the author’s intention. Proper names play a particularly important role in the structure of a literary text, serving as a key for expressing the author’s creative individuality, principles, beliefs and attitude to the real world. If the writer successfully chooses a name for his hero, then such a name acquires a certain semantic and stylistic load and deepens the emotional and artistic impression of both this image and the whole work as a whole.

339-346

Authors: Yartseva S.

The article deals with speech impact, in particular, speech manipulation. Various approaches to the definition of manipulation in the language are being analyzed, manipulative techniques are being defined. As an example, for the analysis of the impact, a linguistic phenomenon is taken, which, in fact, is not manipulative, but is involved in advertising activities to influence English and Spanish-speaking consumers, namely Spanglish. It is being analyzed how the phenomenon of Spanglish is actively used in the advertising field to influence the addressee, and what manipulative techniques are applied.