Bulletin of Science and Practice

12-20

Authors: Aydaraliev Zh., Abdiev M., Ismanov Yu.

The article considers the issues of creating composites using long, continuous structures along the entire length of the structure, and short basalt fibers, and, based on them, multilayer composite materials as reinforcement. A mathematical description of the strength properties of multilayer composite materials based on layers of composites using long, continuous along the entire length of the structure, and short basalt fibers as reinforcement is considered. The results of theoretical studies showed that the multilayer composite material has improved properties. The first layer of material, which is a layer of reinforcement made of continuous fibers, provides tensile and bending strength. The second layer of composite material provides thermal insulation properties and compressive and deformation strength. This layer consists of a composite whose reinforcement is short fibers. It is shown that a multilayer composite material, which is a combination of composites created on the basis of long continuous and short fibers, works as a single system. The first layer of the composite, created on the basis of continuous fibers, works in tension and bending, the second layer, created on the basis of short fibers, determines the strength characteristics during compression and deformation. In order to confirm the theoretical results, work was carried out to create composites based on long and short basalt fibers. When creating a layered composite, a heat-insulating plate was used as the first component, which was reinforced with pieces of basalt fiber. For the production of such plates, a plant was developed to obtain pieces of basalt fiber and further uniform distribution of these pieces in a composite plate. A multilayer composite material with improved properties based on long and short basalt fibers is obtained. The composite slab was reinforced with a mesh assembled from continuous basalt fibers.

29-37

Authors: Pinaeva Yu., Beltyukova N., Prishnivskaya Yu., Sultangazina G., Beishova I., Ulianov V., Beishov R.

The genetic diversity of 5 cenopopulations of the rare plant species Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill, located on the territories of Pavlodar, Akmola, and Kostanay regions, Kazakhstan Republic, was studied. Intermicrosatellite DNA analysis (ISSR — Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) was used to determine the indicators of genetic diversity. Polymerase chain reaction with 5 primers: ISSR-1, ISSR-3, M1, M27, X11 was performed. The number of polymorphic DNA fragments in the total plant samples ranged from 9 to 28. Fragment’s size ranged from 200 to 1420 bp. The percentage of polymorphic loci in the total sample P. patens was 0.965. The expected heterozygosity is 0.162, and the number of effective alleles is 1.361. Indicators of genetic diversity are higher in the cent population from the Kostanay region (Borovskoe village): HE =0.209, one =1.743, and lower in the population from the Pavlodar region: HE =0.131, one =1.597. Two rare DNA fragments were found in the studied P. patens cenopopulations: incent population from the Pavlodar region and incent population from the Akmola region (village Yerementau). Cenopopulation from the Kostanay region (village Borovskoe) has the most balanced diversity structure: h=0.139, and cent population of the Kostanay region (village Kamensk-Uralsk) is the least balanced: h = 0.188. The Shannon Index revealed the greatest diversity in the cent population from the Kostanay region (village Borovskoe) I=0.327 and the lowest diversity in cent population from the Pavlodar region I=0.215.

46-52

Authors: Khudaverdieva S.

Phytocenological analysis and identification of the resources of some species of the Euphorbiaceae family with medicinal properties distributed in Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic is the main goal of the studies. So, a phytocenological assessment of the composition of 12 formations on the territory of 3 districts was carried out. Reserves of 7 dominants and subdominants species of these cases were calculated. Associations Chrozophora hierosolymitana — Nepeta micrantha — Stachys fominii, Trifolium pratense + Lotus corniculatus + Euphorbia iberica + Achillea millefolium, Euphorbia seguieriana + Cotenaster melanocarpa + Serinte minor + Betula pendula are the most common planting groups in general vegetation cover. Species Chrozophora tinctoria (328.0–311.4 g/m2), Chrozophora hierosolymitana (269–223 g/m2), Euphorbia iberica (214 g/m2), Euphorbia virgata (203.2–181.7 g/m2) and Euphorbia seguieriana (289.0–361.1 g/m2) are distinguished by the highest rates of biological reserves.

58-62

Authors: Ismailova N.

Three experimental plots of beech–hornbeam–oak mixed forests of the southeastern part of the Greater Caucasus were examined. Biometric and phenomenological observations were carried out, species composition and fullness of forests, growth, diameter, and height of trees. The report of the forestry department of the southeastern part of the Greater Caucasus is analyzed. The transformation of hornbeam forests in the southeastern part of the Greater Caucasus occurred as a result of the destruction of beech forests and restoration of forestry. Over the past 50–60, and in some places in the southeastern part of the Greater Caucasus for 100 years, on the site of cut down valuable beech forests, hornbeam, hornbeam–linden and hornbeam–oak forests have formed. The physiological and environmental parameters of the hornbeam and other trees and shrubs allow them to successfully grow in place of logged beech forests and fill artificially formed bared spaces. The transformation of dominant plants by artificial or natural means in accordance with the laws of biotechnology, in turn, contributes to a change in the whole structure and appearance of the environment.

74-82

Authors: Louppova, N.

The abundance and biomass dynamic of massive macrozooplankton of the Black Sea was studied over 3 years. Data on the dates of mass reproduction of Jellyfish Aurelia aurita and Ctenophore invaders Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata were obtained. The dependence of M. leidyi reproduction on the season and temperature of the medium was established, and for the other two gelatinous, on the successful reproduction of Mnemiopsis.

89-96

Authors: Shidakov Yu., Sharova E., Abdumalikova I.

Experimental modeling of diabetes mellitus, caused by exposure to alloxan, streptozotocin, dithizone in various dosages and the frequency of administration, is not entirely equivalent in etiopathogenetic mechanisms to the development of this pathology in humans. Of great interest is diet-induced modeling of the pathological process. One of the most important and affordable glucose donors is food sugar (sucrose). In order to study the development of diabetes mellitus in rats with food sugar, 2 groups of animals were formed: control (standard food) and experimental (food sugar), which were taken blood for biochemical studies after 2 weeks, and a month later histological preparations of the pancreas were selected. With the systematic intake of excessive amounts of edible sugar, after 2 weeks there was an increase in blood glucose by 25%, while at the same time, cholesterol increased by 3 times. After a month of research, carbohydrate degeneration of the pancreas is observed, combined with vacuole organ dystrophy and the development of foci of necrosis and sclerosis. Feeding rats for a month with food sugar can serve as an experimental model of carbohydrate pancreatic dystrophy.

105-112

Authors: Chaulin A., Grigoryeva Yu.

Cardiac troponins (troponin I, T, and C) play an important role in the regulation of the contractile function of the heart muscle. Mutations in cardiac troponins are associated with the development of various types of cardiomyopathies, which lead to heart failure and death. The determination of the concentration of cardiac troponins in the blood is used in the diagnosis of some cardiovascular diseases, including acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart failure. This review summarizes the available data on the structure and functions of cardiac troponins, their role in the regulation of myocardial contractions, and clinical application.

120-127

Authors: Matkeeva, A., Asheraliev, M., & Maimerova, G.

The article presents the results of anamnestic data in 120 children with ADHD with somatic diseases aged 6 to 11 years, in which perinatal lesions of the central nervous system were revealed. These parameters were specific, sensitive, and reliable in relation to the development of attention deficit disorder with hyperreactivity in children in combination with somatic diseases.

137-146

Authors: Sayakbekov K., Saatova G., Maimerova G.

The clinical features of articular syndrome and extra-articular manifestations in children with Reiter’s syndrome (illness) were studied. Reiter’s syndrome in childhood has some features of the course and development of the disease. In childhood, asymmetry of lesions of the joints of the lower extremities with early involvement of small feet joints in the process, possible flushing of the skin over the affected joints, intense pain, rare involvement in the process of the hip joints, lumbar spine and unilateral sacroiliitis is characteristic. Extraarticular manifestations proceeded often erased, and sometimes were not determined at all. Relapses and a chronic course are not excluded.

153-156

Authors: Kalmuratova B., Tursynbekova N., Bekniyazova N.

The paper considers the results of assessing the impact of physical culture and sports on the prevention of scoliosis in children and adolescents. As a result of the implementation of consistent measures for the education and restoration of health of students, the number of children with scoliosis is reduced and completely recovered. The data obtained confirm that sports have a beneficial effect on the development and health of children

163-183

Authors: Romanchuk N., Pyatin V., Volobuev A., Bulgakova S., Treneva E., Romanov D.

Depression is a destructive syndrome, with allostatic overload and transient dysregulation of neurological, metabolic, and immunological status functions, as well as reprogramming in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Depression causes pathological changes in the secretion and motility of the digestive system, and failure of bidirectional intestinal-brain connections modify the intestinal microbiota. Chronic depression destabilizes the “cognitive and visceral brain”. The neuroendocrine component of the new neural network brain models and controls the molecular, functional, behavioral, and Autonomous responses in response to the formation (creation, cultivation) of a new healthy microbiota. Constant self-organization of functional systems of the body is provided by homeostatic regulation in the framework of deterministic and stochastic science. The architecture and functions of the brain support efficient energy regulation. The internal model of the brain negatively affects the development and maintenance of depression. For example, mood, motor, autonomic, immune, metabolic, and circadian dysregulations indicate a Central problem with ineffective energy regulation. Depression is an internal pattern associated with distress, mental withdrawal from the world, and physical withdrawal from the world. Allostasis and depression, allostatic dysregulation, and instantaneous distress are based on the fundamental multidisciplinary role of metabolism. The author's work in the creation of a new protective functional and epigenetic nutrition, the clinical application of strategic combined and hybrid methods and tools in the neurorehabilitation of the circadian system, the use of artificial intelligence in the functioning of the “cognitive brain” and “visceral brain” and the “brain-microbiota” neural networks are promising applications in personalized medicine. Psychoneuroimmunological communications and neuroendocrinological multimodal methods can significantly increase the duration of an active and high-quality healthy life.

195-202

Authors: Kasiev N., Kanatbekova G.

In modern conditions, the most important tools of state regulation in carrying out evaluations of the effectiveness of the reforms carried out are forecasting and planning of long-term results taking into account the level of influence of socio-economic and other factors. This is due to the market economy’s inability to regulate itself, especially in crisis situations. Forecasting is closely linked to planning and is the necessary methodological and information basis for the development of plans and programs. Health system reform should be based on addressing systemic health challenges, taking into account socio-economic, demographic, and technological trends, and assessment of the effectiveness of reform should capture changes in dynamics. Integrated program and targeted planning provide for the development of medical and social programs, taking into account certain priorities of public health, which makes it possible to concentrate resources on priority areas of health development on the basis of an integrated inter-agency approach to achieving the goals set. With the transition to a market economy, there are signs of indicative planning in health care as a way of consciously, purposefully managing health and economic processes, both in the public, municipal, and private health sectors. Indicative planning has proved to be highly effective as a means of public regulation of a market economy. A characteristic feature of indicative planning is the rejection of directionality, command, and distribution functions in favor of indicative. Targeted Health Development Programs should use as achievements indicators of resource provision and efficiency of its use, indicators of availability and quality of health care, its safety, timeliness and efficiency, continuity in its provision, satisfaction of consumers, quality of document circulation, etc., which may be influenced by the health management system.

211-216

Authors: Osmanova S.

In the administrative districts of the Karabakh plain (Aghjabadi, Barda, Agdam and Tartar), during a short observation period (2013–2018), the dynamics of wheat fields (ha), yield (tons) and productivity (centner/ha), as well as factors were analyzed affecting her. It was found that over a short historical period, despite a decrease in sown areas at the research facility, there was a tendency to increase the total yield of wheat.

224-232

Authors: Guliyeva R.

The article shows the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer norms on gray-brown soils and changes in the nutritional regime in winter wheat soils under irrigation in the Ganja–Gazakh region. It was found that the application of mineral and organic fertilizers for winter wheat in gray-brown soils significantly affected the change in the nutrient regime of the soil, significantly increasing the number of nutrients easily absorbed by plants in the plowed and subsoil layers of the soil, as compared to the control (unfertilized) option, effective fertility increased, which in turn had a significant impact on productivity. At the end of the growing season, depending on the norm of mineral fertilizers in the soil layer 0–60 cm, ammonia nitrogen is 13.1–14.1, nitrate nitrogen is 7.2–7.4, mobile phosphorus is 7.0–8.0 and exchangeable potassium — 15.6–19.2 mg/kg, depending on the rate of organic fertilizers at the end of the growing season, ammonia nitrogen 12.6-–13.7, nitrate-nitrogen 5.3–5.7, mobile phosphorus 6.2–6.6 and metabolic potassium while it increased by 20.4–21.2 mg/kg.

239-243

Authors: Erlygina E.

The article deals with the problems of personnel support for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The analysis of the state of the labor market and the needs of specialists in agriculture, forestry, hunting, fishing, and fish farming is carried out. The unemployment rate and the number of employees by education level are considered. Recommendations for improving the training system are given. It is necessary to establish stable ties between educational institutions and enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, which will be reflected in the conclusion of agreements for targeted training of specialists.

249-256

Authors: Osmonbetov E.

The specificity of the location and the degree of field search are shown. The characteristic of ore zones (bodies), the mineral composition of ores and reserves are given. The deposit is similar to the gold deposits of the Karlinsky type. Two main technological types of ores have been distinguished: easily miscible oxidized ores that do not contain harmful impurities, suitable for heap leaching, and refractory sulfide gold-arsenic ores, requiring special complex processing methods. These ores are planned to be mined together with oxidized and temporarily stored separately. It is necessary to organize a public hearing and involve professional experts in the examination of projects.

267-275

Authors: Yan L., Zhou Y., Golyanin A.

The theme of this research is the intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV) gasification system for an offshore liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit (LNG-FSRU). Based on reducing the loss of heat exchange and improve the cold energy utilization, an LNG cold energy utilization system combined with Rankine cycle power generation and desalination is proposed. On this basis, six different schemes of working medium combination are simulated and analyzed, and the optimal scheme of working medium combination is found. The results show that the net output power of the system is 5591 kW, and the system exergy efficiency is 30.38%. The annual economic benefit is CNY 39.4 million.

280-285

Authors: Nasyrova A., Tatarnikov G.

Modern approaches to the reconstruction of the facades of residential buildings are considered, a comparative analysis between the approaches to reconstruction in the domestic and foreign construction industry is carried out. The reconstruction of residential buildings is one of the important directions for solving the housing problem. It allows not only to extend the life cycle but also significantly improve the quality of housing, eliminate communal settlement, equip houses with modern engineering equipment, improve the architectural expressiveness of buildings, increase their energy efficiency, operational reliability, and durability.

291-294

Authors: Delovaya A.

The article deals with the main problems of reconstruction of residential buildings of early construction periods, which are associated with outdated structural and spatial planning solutions. The main methods and ways to solve them are noted. Reconstruction of residential buildings can improve the technical and operational quality and increase the level of comfort of living.

301-304

Authors: Razumets K., Nepra A.

The article discusses the basic principles of the reconstruction of industrial buildings, which are associated with an increase in the scale of production, improvement of technological processes, as well as the introduction of innovations that contribute to increasing labor productivity and the quality of products. The main aspects are also noted, taking into account which it is possible to reconstruct the building as soon as possible and without stopping production processes.

310-317

Authors: Sitnikov S., Rykova L., Konev A.

For the stable and rhythmic operation of the sorting station, the design of a sorting slide is necessary. The parameters of the sorting slide during design are determined in accordance with the methodology “Rules and norms for the design of sorting devices for 1520 mm gauge railways". The estimated height should provide the most difficult route of the sorting park. The results of the analysis of the methodology for determining the difficulty from the point of view of rolling the sorting park path are presented, a formula is proposed that simplifies the procedure for determining such a path. It is possible to transfer calculations to a computer program even in the process of developing a neck plan for a sorting park.

326-345

Authors: Glushchenko V.

Article performs a scientific theory of brands, branding and rebranding (brandology) and the task of its practical use in organizations; the object of the article is dedicated to the post-industrial organizations; the aim is to increase the efficiency of the process of creating brands, branding and rebranding of post-industrial organizations; to achieve this goal, solved the following tasks: examines the value of brands, branding and rebranding in the management of a modern organization; study of the functions and roles of branding and rebranding organizations; the scientific theory of brands, branding and rebranding (brandology) is developed; the description of the philosophy, ideology, and policy of forming branding systems and rebranding projects; the formation of a criteria basis for evaluating the effectiveness of brands, branding and rebranding; research methods in the article are the methodology of science, analysis, synthesis, forecasting, and research operations; scientific novelty of the article is that it further develops methodological principles of the scientific theory of branding and rebranding, the steps in the formation of brand management and/or project of rebranding of post-industrial organizations, a description of the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of branding and rebranding projects organizations.

356-361

Authors: Bekimbetova G.

Assessment of young leaders in modern conditions is extremely important since the level and condition of human resources directly affect the achievement of the organization’s goals. The personnel assessment allows not only to define the strengths and weaknesses of employees but also makes it possible to outline a professional development plan for a particular person, to identify his potential and inclinations that the company can use for its successful development. Evaluation of staff in the organization should be carried out regularly so that employees can be satisfied with the results of their work, fairly evaluated by managers, and managers could better manage employees according to the results of the evaluation and make better use of their abilities. In general, an important role in the implementation of the assessment belongs to human resources specialists and managers of various ranks.

367-373

Authors: Kochetkova, M., & Golovinskaya, I.

The theoretical and practical aspects of the judicial production of linguistic expertise in cases of insult are considered employed in expert practice approaches, their analysis is given. The article presents lexical and phraseological units that may be offensive, examines affirmative statements of an offensive nature that may be the subject of legal proceedings. Statements are opposed to assumptions, opinions, beliefs, and value judgments that are not subject to judicial protection.

382-387

Authors: Khodos D.

The article analyzes the current issues of national and international regulation of investment activity and assesses the issue of protecting the sovereign immunity of the Kyrgyz Republic and raises the question of the advisability of unilaterally reducing the level of its own jurisdictional immunity on the part of the state through its own legislation. The provisions of the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic On Investments in the Kyrgyz Republic are discussed, which enshrine the state’s open, permanent consent to arbitration in international tribunals.