Bulletin of Science and Practice

22-26

Authors: Pashayev T., Mammadov I.

The article provides information about the introduction to Nakhchivan AR and first cultivation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). For the first time, scientific research works were carried out to study biological development characteristics and economic indicators of planting saffron in Nakhchivan. Searching for new regions and cultivating large areas for partial repayment of our country’s need for this plant is one of today’s important issues. For this purpose, small quantities of bulbs from Bilgah saffron factory were planted in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, and scientific research was started. Experiments have been made to study the effect of the depth of planting, the irradiation and sowing times, the irrigation and water conditions on biological development, flowering and productivity of saffron. Onions of all sizes are planted at depths of 5, 10, 15, 20 cm, keeping 60×10 cm feeding area. All experiments were conducted of the four periods at 15 June, 15 July, 15 August and 1 September with 100 onions in each option. Based on the results of the researches, it is possible to say with confidence that the saffron can be adapted to the sharp continental climate of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and can be planted and grown at different altitudes of the region. Given the high profitability and economic efficiency, we believe that the establishment of saffron plantations in the Autonomous Republic will be very important.

34-39

Authors: Jafarova G.

The paper presents the results of studies on the effects of hypoxia in the antenatal period on a number of blood coagulability indicators in adult rats. It was revealed that the long-term effect of prenatal hypoxia contributes to the acceleration of certain parameters of blood clotting. The established hypercoagulable shift in the system. It was shown that at the same time the blood coagulation time and recalcification accelerated; thromboplastic activity, prothrombin and thrombin time increased, and at the same time plasma high tolerance to heparin was noted. These studies suggest that prenatal hypoxia alters the overall state of blood coagulation, where it forms a qualitatively new stereotype of the relationship between hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis factors.

58-63

Authors: Mokina E., Naumenko E., Kumanyaeva D., Rakhmatullina M., Surgaeva E.

The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. Clinically, the interatrial septum defect belongs to the low manifest defects. The severity of its symptoms depends on the size and location of the defect, as well as, to a greater extent, on the duration of the defect and the development of secondary complications. This situation dictates the need for early diagnosis of this congenital heart disease, dynamic observation, timely treatment, which determines the relevance of this study. In this article, we tried to analyze in detail the characteristics of the course of the antenatal period and the clinical picture of newborns with atrial communication. Summing up our study, it should be noted that the clinical manifestations in interatrial communications in newborns are not specific. In most infants with interatrial communications, systolic noise of varying intensity can be heard, however, this noise is not associated with the presence of interatrial communications, but due to the presence of diagonally located chords in the left ventricle.

69-74

Authors: Shaibekov D., Omurbekov T.

The article presents a retrospective study of 571 case histories of children aged 1 to 16 years hospitalized in Bishkek Clinical Children’s Emergency Hospital with chemical burns of the oral mucosa and oesophagus for the period from 2013 to 2018. Accidental use by children of aggressive chemicals (acid, alkali) leads to damage to the oral mucosa, burns of the oesophagus I–III degree and the formation of oesophagal stenosis.

81-85

Authors: Shaibekov D.

An analysis of 600 cases of chemical burns of the oesophagus in children for the period 2007–2014 is presented. For a detailed analysis, 425 cases of proven chemical oesophagal injury were selected. The clinical and laboratory picture, tactics of treatment and endoscopic examination in children with burns is described.

96-103

Authors: Raupova N., Abdullaev S.

The elemental composition allows to obtain information about the principles of humic acids structure, some of their properties, as well as to identify chemical changes and processes occurring in the process of humification. Studies of the elemental composition of humic acids of the main types and subtypes of soils of the vertical zoning of the Western Tien Shan show that the carbon content in them increases from grey soils to mountain brown soils. the low carbon content in the series is accompanied by a narrow C:N ratio, which indicates a smaller condensation of the aromatic carbon grid and the severity of the side chains. The atomic ratio of C:N in humic acids of soils of the Western Tien Shan is 11–25. The narrowest ratio of C:N is observed in sierozems, and the transition from them to brown this ratio expands.

112-117

Authors: Samedov P.

The article deals with the results of the researches on bioenergetics of the saline grey-brown and sierozem–meadow soils in the Siyazan–Sumgait massive and Salyan steppe. The energetical indications of the invertebrates and microorganisms in saline biotopes and cultivated cenoses are comparative indications of invertebrates and microbiota in biotope with the various degree of salinity quantitatively differ among themselves.

128-134

Authors: Gasimova L.

This article presents the results of studies the soils of urban parks, gardens, roadside zones in the core of the agglomeration of Baku. The urban soils were studied as indicators of the ecological status of the city of Baku. The impact of soil condition on the green areas in seven districts of Baku has been evaluated.

144-149

Authors: Zinkovskaya T., Zinkovsky V., Sorokina V., Shakhparonyan L.

The article shows the importance of high-tech organic fertilizers of the new generation on the example of multi-purpose compost in the maintenance and reproduction of soil fertility. With increasing degradation of the soil cover of arable land, such fertilizers in combination with other means of farming systems with bio meliorative properties (perennial grasses, green manures, phytomeliorants), intensively activating soil microflora, affecting agrochemical and water–physical properties, can quickly restore and optimize the basis of fertility — soil organic matter. Therefore, in modern agriculture in the last 15–20 years, preference is given to the production of non-traditional high-tech biologically active and environmentally friendly organic fertilizers (composts) obtained by the method of bioconversion of organic raw materials. In the model experiment, the effect of multi-purpose compost, introduced at a dose of 15 t/ha, on the basic water–physical properties at different water regimes of dried gleyed loamy sod-podzolic soil was determined. The experience was laid in special vessels equipped with water regulating device. Studies have shown that multi-purpose compost at a dose of 15 t/ha by the fifth year after application, primarily affected the soil density of the arable layer, as well as porosity, moisture capacity, the amount of water readily available to plants, water permeability. So, with bilateral regulation of the water regime, the decrease in density was 5.8%. This, in turn, affected the increase in soil porosity to 4.8–5.2% and an increase in the reserves of productive moisture in the arable horizon. Thus, fertilizers obtained on the basis of the bioconversion of organic raw materials can improve soil indicators and help prevent degradation processes in agriculture.

154-162

Authors: Karchava M., Berulava I., Kintsurashvili N., Ergemlidze T.

The toxicological assessment of meat raw materials on the consumer market in Imereti region was conducted in Georgia. In 45% of the samples, the content of the lead has been estimated at 2.5–3 times more than 0.1 mg/kg. In modern ecological conditions, the natural fibrous polysaccharide composition of antioxidant action has been worked out to increase the toxicological safety of food raw materials in the modern ecological conditions — the ratio of active wheat bran, high molecular pectin and low molecular pectin 15:3:2. The lead sorption ability has been studied by the composition. The technological properties of the supplement are studied. Based on the obtained results, techniques for functional purpose meat products have been developed for children and diabetes patients using these additives.

168-172

Authors: Sulaimonov Sh.

A waste-free technology method based on the use of waste from a biochemical plant in the process of making silk is proposed. The technology is based on research conducted over several years. As a result of the research, it was established that the yield of silk raw material from the modified SAS and the cocoons stored for a long time increased by 2–2.3% relative to the control. In conclusion, it is concluded about the prospects for further study of this process and implementation in production.

187-193

Authors: Agayeva A.

Despite the presence of some information about the study of fascioliasis in the Absheron region (Absheron Peninsula and the Khizi district), where private farms are widely developed, until recent years this problem has remained virtually unexplored. And the studies conducted 40–50 years ago are historically outdated and do not provide a complete picture of the current economic system. Taking all this into account, by applying appropriate methods, the extensiveness and intensity of the spread of fascioliasis (Fasciola hepatica L.) in different villages and settlements of the Absheron region, as well as along various altitude belts, were determined. As a result of the research it was found that the greatest prevalence of the extensiveness of this parasite in various villages and towns fell on the following territories: Gyzyldere village — 33.9%, Altagach village — 30.2%, Tudar village — 29.2%. Also, as a result of the research, it was found that infection is highest in the lowland zone (31.4%). And this is closely related to the environmental impact of biotic and abiotic factors in that zone. The results of the study are reflected in the tables and charts.

207-214

Authors: Presnyakov K., Kerimkulova G., Askalieva G.

A method for identifying operating parameters of open watercourses in the context of a shortage of initial information is proposed, based on the application (in addition to the gravitational theory) of individual provisions of the diffusion theory of suspended water flows and the proposed classification of watercourses, methods for identifying and restoring missing parameters and characteristics, identification algorithms and limitations of the model and method allowing implement the specified method taking into account the expansion of the theoretical and empirical limits of its applicability.

220-224

Authors: Satybaev A., Kochkonbaeva B.

Studies of the morphological analysis of the language give us further processing of the language since morphological analysis is considered the first step towards solving any problem of computer processing of natural language. The article deals with the issues of creating a mathematical model of the Kyrgyz language and algorithms of a morphological analyzer.

241-249

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The method of exponential smoothing is widely used in the forecasting of financial and economic characteristics in different sectors of the economy, departments, etc. In the construction of a forecast model by exponential smoothing time series of characteristics of socio-economic security is smoothed with the support of a weighted moving average, in which the weights obey the exponential law. In this case, the following levels of the series are given significant values in comparison with the past, because they carry more important information to determine the predicted values at the level of socio-economic security characteristics.

262-271

Authors: Nurimbetov R., Zikriyoev A.

A part of the research on the impact and interrelation between human factors and the safety of the working environment in the construction sector is presented. Labor in construction companies is often associated with a high risk of injury and, therefore, occupational safety is an important element of production efficiency in this area. The injured workers lost working days and financial costs affect the social and economic efficiency of the construction industry. Statistics indicate that occupational health and safety for modern research are current issues. Economic reforms in Uzbekistan envisage the creation of favourable and safe working conditions. From this point of view, ILO standards (Health & Safety) are really relevant for research and implementation in the construction industry of Uzbekistan. The purpose of this article is to analyze the implementation of best practices in the construction industry of Uzbekistan.

292-298

Authors: Abipova G.

The article provides the value and content of the information management system in the business cost management system. At the same time, the opinions of scientists on the management of information supply are analyzed and the author’s conclusions are drawn.

305-313

Authors: Bekimbetova G.

The methods used in the selection and analysis of an effective investment project are considered. The basis of calculations: payback period, discounted payback period, accelerated depreciation. A brief analysis of the use of evaluating the effectiveness of projects in different European countries. In developed countries, accelerated depreciation is a powerful incentive for introducing innovative equipment and technologies into the economy. A general methodological requirement for the design of a depreciation policy is to maximize the use of opportunities to reduce taxable profits through depreciation. In conclusion, it is concluded that when calculating the payback period of a project, it is necessary to use the net cash receipts rate and use accelerated depreciation on equipment and technologies acquired on the basis of investment projects.

320-326

Authors: Moskaleva A.

The paper covers operations features of Huntington Ingalls Industries, one of the leading contractors of the US Department of Defense (DoD), in terms of financial performance and business outlook. In general, taking into account the increase in the DoD budget and the increase in appropriations for the procurement of military equipment and weapon systems, as well as R&D, we can say that this had a positive impact on companies of the US military–industrial complex as a whole (both larger and smaller) and led to improved financial performance and level of investment attractiveness. At the same time, it is quite obvious that the high growth rates of the DoD budget cannot be maintained for a while, which in the long run presents significant risks for the companies, as it can lead to a decrease in funding and the volumes of government contracts. Since there are a significant number of studies and publications for large companies in the sector, the author puts emphasis on smaller companies, the number of papers on which is small, but analysis on which is important because of their role and functions in the US military–industrial complex. These include Huntington Ingalls Industries, which specializes in the implementation of the US Navy’s shipbuilding program. The analysis showed that the dynamics of its financial and economic operations, in general, can be characterized positively, despite the observed moderate decrease in values of some financial ratios. The outlook for its business, in the long run, can be assessed as sustainable, but for the period after 2025, attention should be paid to a number of risks that are primarily associated with a reduction of the US Navy shipbuilding program.

334-338

Authors: Batkovskiy, M., Kravchuk, P., & Styazhkin, A.

The development of innovation–active enterprises, as well as increased competition in the production of military and special-purpose products (for whose export Russia ranks second in the world), necessitate the use of various methods to increase the efficiency of innovative production management, including special–purpose ones. One of them is to increase the efficiency of using the production and technological potential of a special production. The solution to this task is an important factor in improving the competitiveness of innovation–active enterprises while achieving maximum resource saving and minimizing costs. Therefore, the study of procedures for assessing this potential is an important scientific and practical problem.

345-349

Authors: Borovikova O.

This research paper aims to assess whether the BRICS Plus initiative ensures integration in the developing world by promoting cooperation between the regional institutions at which the BRICS countries play a leading role. There are five major areas of the partnership under the BRICS Plus model. Although BRICS plus initiative promotes integration to some extent, there are risks to miss out on cooperation with other developing countries that are not members of the regional organizations mentioned in the paper. Hence, a decentralized model of economic integration would allow many other developing countries to be involved in cooperation with the BRICS and become a part of the large-scale economic partnership.

357-364

Authors: Nikolskaya E., Dekhtyar G.

With positive trends in the hotel industry in Russia, a number of problems remain that require prompt and high-quality solutions. The current level and prospects of development of the world and Russian hotel market are considered, graphical materials and practical examples from world and European hotel business practices are presented, recommendations are given to solve problems that impede the development of tourism and hotel business in the Russian Federation. It is proposed to create a single portal for foreign tourists and create a register of Russian and foreign tour operators who can offer tours in Russia, their accreditation.

371-377

Authors: Zhalolov I.

The concepts of the economic potential of the enterprise are presented, the main factors and scientific proposals for determining the statistical indicators of the economic potential of enterprises are studied. A statistical analysis of the company’s profit over several years allows us to determine how high the entrepreneurial ability is. Assessment of the economic potential of enterprises in a competitive environment makes it possible to maintain economic stability in the future. Each company must determine its economic potential and adapt to market demand and supply, as well as changes caused by competition. To do this, the company must evaluate its strength in the current and future periods. The main four factors were determined: analysis of material resources, intangible assets, labor resources and indicators of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship.

383-386

Authors: Kurbanova N.

The problems and specificity of the use of psychological methods in management activities are considered. Analyzed the possibility of applying the psychological competencies of managers to stimulate labour and manage employee motivation. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the personality of the leader and his role in reducing conflicts in the workplace. In conclusion, the conclusion is made about the need to improve the level of psychological education of managers.

391-395

Authors: Zernaeva A., Pomazanov V.

Typical investigative situations of the initial stage of investigation of the theft of property of passengers, carried out in passenger mobile trains on railway transport are considered. Tactical tasks are determined at the initial stage of investigation of this crime due to the content of the investigation situation, as well as the peculiarities of interaction between the investigator and inquiry bodies operational and investigative activities.

400-404

Authors: Voloshin S.

Despite rather big globalization penetrating itself a huge layer of the public relations, the world remains a wide variety of cultural and national peculiarities, moral and ethical values inherent in any society. However, the unification process not always positively affects the public order and the valuable sphere which developed in the concrete country. Strengthening of the economic relations between the states directly influences also the legal sphere where foreign norms stick into the domestic legislation and respectively involuntarily impose behaviour model which contradicts law and order of this country by means of the norms. Any sovereign state will not allow the existence of the destroying norms of the foreign state within the boundaries of their jurisdiction because they have unique legislation. The Institute of the public order must serve as a mainstay from foreign norms, capable to harm to public order in the country. The article discussed the nature, value and role of the public policy clause. Identified the lack of a unified concept of the ‘public order’ considered its components sigh. Came to the conclusion that the value of the reservation of the public orders as a fundamental principle is one of the manifestations of state sovereignty.

411-416

Authors: Ashurova D.

The problems of development of agriculture, ensuring food security in Russia are currently relevant and require regular consideration from the standpoint of the use of foreign experience of legal regulation of agricultural relations and the use of proven techniques in practice. The article deals with the peculiarities of legal regulation of foreign economic treaties in the agro-industrial complex in the Russian Federation and the world community. The foreign experience of legal regulation of agrarian relations is studied. Legal positions of scientists on the concept of foreign economic contract and its features, as well as judicial and law enforcement practice on the topic of research, are analyzed.

421-425

Authors: Katasheva A.

This article deals with topical issues of employee liability for damage caused, the amount of damage compensation. Based on the analysis of scientific opinions of Russian scientists, the problems of establishing worker’s liability for damages in labour legislation are investigated; there is no common understanding of the institution of material liability, which causes difficulty in identifying the fact of liability in current practice.

431-438

Authors: Ivanov D., Garber A., Berdibayeva S., Kukubayeva A., Berdibayev S., Bapayeva M.

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern educational environment as a potential resource to increase the effectiveness of biofeedback in order to prevent drug abuse among students. The substantiated educational environment is an approach to understand such biofeedback effectiveness. Biofeedback efficiency depends on the rate of return and the quality of information about the biological system. The advantages of biofeedback in comparison with other methods of self-regulation are discussed. The phases of the biofeedback process are described as interconnected components of a single process that has become possible due to the hardware and software of the educational environment. The features of different biofeedback instruments and psychophysiological specific training conditions are considered. The research allows determining the effectiveness of work by biofeedback among teenagers. The results of forming experiment have statistically revealed a significant increase in the level of adolescent’s self-control in the experimental group after the classes using biofeedback. Change of the attitude to drugs occurred only in the experimental group of adolescents who participated in the forming experiment. The study received practical confirmation of the idea that the state of psychophysiological mechanisms with individual involvement in substance use can be objectively evaluated and managed by psychophysiological training aimed at improvement of self-regulation effectiveness.

452-458

Authors: Smirnova N., Golikova T.,

The article deals with the problems associated with the effectiveness of school natural science education, the achievement of student’s planned results, while there is some decrease in the results in the mastery of biological knowledge and skills by students. The authors propose a model of creating a natural science education centre as a condition of optimization of the educational process and the possibility of achieving new high-quality subject results of graduates.

465-471

Authors: Sultanova D., Maksudova D.

The article deals with information and communication technologies as methods of increasing study activity of students in the process of learning the English language. Implementation of information and communication technologies in the study process leads to the improvement of academic effectiveness, the increase of student’s interest in self-knowledge, their motivation and comfort in the study process. It also helps to build-up students self-work.

482-491

Authors: Dorzheeva V.

The article examines the history of the administrative-territorial division of the Russian Northeast in the first half of the twentieth century. The importance of this research stems from the need to analyze the historical experience information of administrative divisions against the background of developing modern federated relations. Chronology wise, the article deals with the period from the year 1917 until the establishment of the present-day boundaries of Magadan Oblast. The article analyses specific aspects of administration in the constituent territories of Magadan Oblast, based on their remoteness from the central authorities, and their economic value. Development of territorial public authorities in the Northeast during the said period was politically motivated. The Civil War saw territories being transferred to the jurisdiction of opposing forces, which affected the administrative division and the system of government authorities. The Institute of the administrative-territorial structure was aimed at the implementation of state functions in connection with certain goals and objectives of a specific historical period of development. The implementation of national policies mediated the creation of national districts. The need of the state for mineral raw materials during the period of industrialization and during the Great Patriotic War led to the creation of special extraterritorial education — Dalstroi. A special period in the history of the region was the Dalstroy era — so-called “Special Combine”, during which a two-level authority system was developed. The administrative-territorial structure was defined by functions of the state, and goals and objectives of the specific historical period. The territorial model of public authority in the Northeastern region fit within the historical context of the country’s contemporary situation.

498-504

Authors: Galieva M.

The article provides an etymological classification of religiously marked proverbs in the English and Russian languages. Under religiously marked proverbs, the proverbs etymologically originated from the Bible and proverbs, containing a religiously marked component (God, devil, sin) are understood. The results of analysis allowed us to work out the etymological classification of religiously marked proverbs that can be divided into 4 etymological groups: 1) citations from Bible; 2) transformed biblical proverbs; 3) postbiblical proverbs; 4) religiously marked proverbs, reflecting religious views and evaluations of a particular nation. Religiously marked proverbs are characterized by a high tendency to folklorization and lexical, grammatical and structural transformations that conditions the difficulties in identification of their etymology.

512-518

Authors: Ismailova, M.

The article includes vowel harmony, which is considered one of the most characteristic features of the Turkic languages. Vowel harmony has a very ancient history in Turkic. This law was formed during the period of the proto-Turkic. In the ancient Turkic written monuments, vowel harmony was an “iron law”. This law has played a key role in the writing of ancient written monuments. However, although vowel harmony came from Orkhon, this ancient phonetic law should always be considered a continuation of the old norm. Although the word “vowel harmony” as a phonetic law in Turkic includes harmony of consonants, a harmony of vowels with consonants, on the basis of this law stands harmony of a vowel. However, as a result of the internal and external processes occurring in the Turkic languages in the course of historical development, the harmonics had different features. One of the reasons for this is the lack of proper knowledge of the dialect and emphasis based on the literary language. Therefore, Turkic dialects should be studied as the main source. The article does not consider satisfactory the study of Turkic dialects based on the facts of a particular language. This is more clearly seen when studying the law of harmony. The study of the law of harmony on the basis of various Turkic dialects allows for an accurate scientific interpretation of this issue.