Bulletin of Science and Practice

11-16

Authors: Shemelova O.

The paper analyzes the properties of various processes, phenomena and objects in which you can make sure that some of them show certain similarities or similarities. Such similarities can manifest themselves both in the structure and in the dynamics of the behavior of objects. In these cases, to construct mathematical models of the behavior of systems of various physical natures, one can use similar equations. Thus, an important basis for modeling the behavior of complex systems uses analogies in changing the behavior of a wide class of systems.

26-52

Authors: Treneva E., Bulgakova S., Romanchuk P., Zakharova N., Sirotko I.

Neuro communication brain ‘the gut-brain’ provides the neural network with the ‘axis of the bowel-brain’ (Gut-Brain Axis, GBA). Promising are the studies of neural networks ‘microbiota-brain’ at the neuroendocrine and neurophysiological level. Microbiota — an organ that plays an important role in ensuring human health and in the development of various diseases, including age-associated. The treatment regimens for age-related pathology include traditional methods of treatment (recovery of melatonin and circadian rhythms, physical exercise, proper, balanced, functional nutrition, principles of a healthy lifestyle, etc.), but taking into account the available scientific data, it is necessary to include in the list of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures methods of managing the composition and/or diversity of intestinal microbiota. Visceral and cognitive brain regulating melatonin levels alter intestinal flora and improve antimicrobial actions. Functional and a balanced diet ensure the functioning of the circadian neuro axis ‘brain-gut’ while eating ‘brain’ and ‘microbiota’. The new concept, which considers the intestinal microflora as a key regulator of brain behaviour and functioning, represents a paradigm shift in neuroscience and clinical geriatrics. Age-related energy deficit of neurons contributes to the pathogenesis of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. The rejuvenating properties of melatonin regulate energy metabolism, which leads to longevity. The link between postmenopausal syndrome and mental disorders is strong and has been confirmed by many different studies. Given these results, future strategies to restore/regulate hormone bioavailability may offer massive neuroendocrine potential in the fight against age-related diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease. Further interdisciplinary, inter-University and interdepartmental study of polymodality neural networks with neurophysiological and neuroendocrine mechanisms in neurobiological and chronomedicine the processes of functioning ‘cognitive’ and ‘visceral’ brain, will enable you to save sufficient neuroplasticity to increase the cognitive reserve of the brain of Homo sapiens.

59-67

Authors: Dzhamalbekova E.

Actual issues of pathogenesis, epidemiology and complication of hip dysplasia in children, the advantage of early diagnosis and treatment in infants are described. The views on this problem of various researchers are examined — the cause of occurrence and development is investigated; the diagnosis and clinical symptoms are analyzed. A history of the development of methods for the treatment of hip dysplasia in young children is proposed. Based on extensive analysis, conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of treatment.

73-77

Authors: Dzhamalbekova E., Dzhumabekov S.

In children, the restoration of anatomical structures and functions of the hip joints occurs with early diagnosis and timely initiation of complex treatment. However, in children with hip dysplasia rehabilitation should be early, comprehensive and systematic. At the stages of conservative treatment, rehabilitation includes massage, physiotherapy, therapeutic exercises and most importantly the wearing of functional tires. With the right choice of rehabilitation tactics, the progression of the disease is prevented, as well as early and late complications do not develop, and most importantly, it does not delay the verticalization and does not violate the static-dynamic function of the hip joint.

84-94

Authors: Malakayev S.

This paper discusses breast cancer in the elderly and senile age and the methods of its treatment for this category of patients. In the elderly and senile age in humans, the level of the immune response, metabolic rate, function of the excretory organs, in particular, the glomerular filtration rate in the kidneys and enzymatic activity in the liver are significantly different from a young age. Differences in the body in different age groups directly affect the biological characteristics and clinical course of breast cancer, which directly affects the response of the body during treatment. Currently, the treatment of breast cancer in the elderly and senile age draws close attention from scientific and medical workers all over the world, due to the fact that there are no uniform treatment algorithms for patients of this age group, and the number of patients increases annually.

107-115

Authors: Danilov V., Danilov V., Ostobunaev V., Danilov V.

The article presents the features of the tactics of conservative management of elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A group of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (32 patients), whose mean age was 67 years old, was under observation. The total duration of conservative treatment and follow-up ranged from 1.5 to 4 years. The scope of the preliminary examination included an extended biochemical test, all patients underwent 2-day uroflow monitoring, ultrasound examinations of the urinary system, measurement of the size of the prostate and residual urine. The efficiency of conservative combination therapy was evaluated using the IPSS table, urination diaries and home uroflow monitoring. As a result of the treatment with 5-alpha-reductase, alpha1-blockers, lipoic acid and vitamins, there was a significant decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms and levelling of dysfunction of the lower urinary tract.

124-133

Authors: Pomeshkin E., Shamin M.

The article presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of new nonsurgical methods of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia of large size (on average 137.4 cm3) — bipolar transurethral enucleation (TUEB; 8 patients) in comparison with retroperitoneoscopic prostatectomy (RPS PE; 7) and medium-size (78.2 cm3) — bipolar transurethral resection (BTUR; 110) in comparison with monopolar transurethral resection MTUR; 95). The smallest volume of blood loss during surgery, frequency of intra– and postoperative complications, duration of postoperative bladder drainage and hospital stay were noted for BTUR. At the same time, all the studied new methods have shown almost equal efficacy in radical treatment and removal of intravesical obstruction, which indicates the appropriateness of their choice in accordance with the initial size of prostate hyperplasia instead of the previously used traumatic open surgeries and MTUR.

143-147

Authors: Evseev A.

The article deals with the pressing issue of the medical use of the ketogenic diet in the type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Obesity has become one of the most acute worldwide problems. The medical community is concerned about a hike in the number of obese people in the world. This leads to heavy consequences, namely an increase in the incidence of diabetes and the development of further complications. The article highlights and reveals the features of the pathogenesis of obesity in adults and children; WHO statistics on this issue are provided. The purpose of this article is to study the latest basic research on the issue of ketogenic diet therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus; identification of positive and negative results of clinical trials; summary of foreign practical experience. In conclusion, the author says that the issue of the medical use of the ketogenic diet stays open and requires further large-scale research both in Russia and abroad.

153-158

Authors: Turgunaly kyzy G.

In this article, the author carried out the analysis of the security of the population by experts of an average link and training of nurses in the Kyrgyz Republic. Now in a health care system, the key place occupies average medical personnel which render the most part of medical services to the population. It dictates the need for reforming of a system of training of specialists with secondary medical education according to modern standards. The priority direction of the Program of development of nurse business and education in the Kyrgyz Republic for 2019-2023 is reforming of sisterly education according to requirements, requirements of health care and improvement of management at the level of the educational organization, improvement of a system of continuous sisterly education is directed to formation of the practice-focused educational process, improvement of the state educational standards of sisterly education, strengthening of practical orientation in training of specialists of nurse business. In article statistical data of the Center of electronic health care of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic is used. The carried-out analysis of dynamics of security of the population with average medical personnel in Kyrgyz the Republics from 2016 to 2018 showed a negative trend. In all years the trend of decrease in security of the population of the Kyrgyz Republic was observed by average medical personnel, including nurses. Training of specialists with secondary medical education in the republic is carried out in 27 educational institutions of secondary medical education. From them 15 state and 12 private medical colleges. In the dynamics of preparation of medical shots with secondary medical education in general on the republic, the trend of decrease in the release of experts in 2017 and an insignificant increase in 2018 is observed. On the republic in dynamics decrease in the number of training of specialists of nurse business in 2017 and 2018 was observed. The insufficient efficiency of the reforms of nurse business undertaken in the republic and lack of scientifically based personnel policy causes the need for reforming of educational process on nurse business.

169-174

Authors: Zaripova A., Onina S., Kozlova G.

Water quality indicators of natural springs Chishma and Zayn located in the rural village of Kubiyazi in the Asking district of the Republic of Bashkortostan are considered. In the process, standard techniques were used. The work was carried out in the summer season of 2019. The physical and chemical indicators of water were determined, and an organoleptic assessment was carried out. Among the indicators, the main ones were general mineralization, hardness, cationic and anionic composition. Radiological measurements performed. All data were statistically processed; average indicators were used for analysis. As a result of the work, it was found that all indicators of water quality as a whole do not exceed the normative for use in household and drinking purposes. The water of the studied points corresponds to SanPiN 2.1.4.1175-02.

184-189

Authors: Mirzayeva S.

The article is devoted to the study of the water-physical properties of soils of South Mugan. Standard methods for assessing the physicochemical properties of the soil were used. The work was carried out in the period 2017-2019. The determination was carried out in the laboratory of the Institute of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of Azerbaijan NAS. As a result, it was found that these soils, depending on the anthropogenic influence, have different characteristics depending on the anthropogenic influence and natural properties. Changes in the water-physical properties of grey-brown soils of South Mugan occur depending on the features of use. There is an improvement in agrophysical indices on arable soils under agricultural lands in comparison with untreated, virgin lands. The use of soil protection measures to improve the water-physical properties of the studied soils is recommended.

195-200

Authors: Mammadova E.

The article presents an analysis of indicators of physical properties directly affecting the increase of soil fertility. In connection with what it is necessary to develop methods for the rational use of soil resources. To achieve this goal, the temperature regime of the soil, density, thermal diffusivity, heat capacity and other physical parameters of the soil under agricultural crops have been studied. The effective use of the soil, the determination of the current state of the soil, the elimination of degradation in the soil as a result of natural and anthropogenic impacts, the restoration and improvement of soil fertility and the regulation of agrophysical properties have been studied.

209-216

Authors: Rabinovich G., Fomicheva N.

Liquid humic biological means are widely used in plant growing for seed treatment, for root and foliar fertilizing of agricultural plants. In All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands developed a liquid humic biological means, whose composition is characterized by the presence of humic acids — not less than 5 g/l, potassium humates — not less than 20 g/l, a set of macro- and microelements, pH — not more than 10. The purpose of the work performed was to study the effect of liquid humic biological means on the growth and development of potatoes as a result of processing tubers before planting. The results of laboratory and field experiments conducted in 2017-2018 are presented. According to the results of a laboratory experiment, the most effective 10% concentration of the working solution of a humic biological means for the treatment of potato tubers before planting was determined. In the small-scale experiment with potatoes, three concentrations (0,5%; 2,0% and 10%) of the humic biological means were used to treat seed. Potatoes were grown on the background of organic fertilizer and without background. When growing potatoes without the main background, a 10% concentration of the biological means promoted the most active growth and development of the potato, which was consistent with the data from the laboratory experiment. At the same time, the yield increase was 10,5% relative to the control without fertilizers. When cultivating potatoes against the background of the main organic fertilizer, the maximum yield was obtained by treating the tubers with a minimum 0,5% concentration of humic biological means — the gain was 14,3% relative to the background. The increase in yield was formed primarily due to the increase in the number of tubers in the bush, as well as the mass of commodity tubers. Statistical evaluation of the quality indicators of potato tubers did not reveal significant changes from the treatment of planting material with humic biological means solutions.

227-233

Authors: Novruzova G.

The results of field experiments on the effect of the combined use of manure and various doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of cotton fibre in grey-brown (chestnut) soils, under arid conditions in western Azerbaijan, are presented. The studies were conducted in 2012-2014. Used a variety of cotton Ganja-110. The use of various doses of mineral and organic fertilizers significantly increased the yield of cotton. It has been established that to obtain high quality and high-quality cotton raw fibre, fibre and soil fertility, mineral and organic fertilizers are used in relation to manure 10 t/hа+N90P120К90 kg/ha.

239-245

Authors: Shaidurova G., Gatina E., Shevyakov Ya.

The article deals with the studies of carbon fibre reinforced plastics disposal by thermal method basically aimed at polymer matrix depolymerization with preservation of carbon fibres. The results of experimental studies of carbon fibre reinforced plastics recycling by thermal method ensuring extraction of the reinforcing filler to be reused at a later stage in a production of carbon fibre reinforced plastic samples from the matrix volume for assessment of physical and mechanical characteristics are reflected in the paper. Assessment of the secondary carbon filler properties retention as compared with the original fibre has been carried out.

250-255

Authors: Shvaiba D.

In the criteria of globalization of the international economy, the role of state regulation in ensuring social and economic security is becoming increasingly prominent. Ensuring the socio-economic security of the state is highly determined by political reasons, the impact of which contains two main vectors: increasing the effectiveness of the internal production process by stimulating the NTP; full assistance to sectors of the economy in foreign markets. The government has an impact on NTP as direct participation in the R & d costs, and creation of positive institutional criteria for acceleration NTP. The role of the government in the development of science and technology as the main factor of economic growth is reflected in the technological policy - "Technology for the financial and economic recovery of the country: an innovative vector for the creation of financial power", which is expected to invest in the improvement of technology is considered an important function of the government.

262-269

Authors: Zambrzhitskaya E., Shapovalov A., Dema R., Kharchenko M.

The quality of the finished product is one of the key indicators of enterprise competitiveness. The analysis of the quality of metallurgical enterprises is currently given sufficient attention. The main reason for the current situation is to strengthen the position in the metals market of substitute products, which are solid plastics. To improve the quality of metal products, it is necessary to solve not only technical and technological problems but also the development of effective tools for quality analysis within the overall assessment of the competitiveness of ferrous metallurgy enterprises. To solve this problem, it was proposed to rank the quality characteristics of metal products from the point of view of the “anchor” buyers of a specific metal product. The scoring assessment of the quality of metal products offered in the framework of this article allows determining priority measures to improve its quality in order to increase competitiveness.

278-282

Authors: Abduganiyeva G. Yakhyaeva D.

The article reveals the issues of improving the methodology of accounting and analysis of income and expenses of an enterprise using the example of motor transport enterprises Uzbekistan. As well as the reflection of income and costs and accounting problems in the accounting policies of the enterprise will help optimize production costs and time costs, thereby increasing profitability and ultimately increasing profits.

290-297

Authors: Gayibnazarov Sh., Temirkhanova M.

The article shows the questions of theoretical features of accounting and analyzing objects of intellectual property at transition to innovation development, objects intellectual property their features, costing, classification, shown in accounting at transition to innovation development in process of world economy, and of course theoretical questions, the organization of the analysis of the objects of the intellectual property and the objectives of the study were presented results and conclusions.

304-307

Authors: Eryomin G.

This scientific paper aims to understand labour as a conscious human activity, its impact on goods and services produced by labour - their cost, usefulness, the complexity of production and their impact on economic growth. The main question of the article is: how a person’s work activity affects the general welfare of society. There is a concept of labour from the standpoint of philosophers and publicists - Adam Smith and Karl Marx and the concept of the relation of the labour theory of value to the price of goods produced. There is also a presentation of professors of the Shanghai University of Economics and Finance on the ratio of labour costs and the value of the goods produced by labour in various economic systems. The article explains how the efficiency of labour, the ratio of productive and unproductive labour to the exchange value of a commodity can increase. The conclusion explains the efficiency of production in society, the ratio of the cost of labour to the value of the goods received, and Adam Smith's opinion about labour as the reason for the increase in wealth in society.

312-317

Authors: Serenina N., Shumova K.

This article deals with the procedural issues arising in the practice of arbitration courts, in the implementation of a new form of arbitration proceedings introduced in 2016 — writ proceedings. The author expresses the opinion that further improvement of the arbitral procedural form of the judicial order should be carried out in the direction of eliminating unreasonable contradictions (partial unification) with the basic requirements of the general lawsuit proceeding, taking into account the specifics of the goals of simplified production.

325-331

Authors: Palvanov I.

The article deals with peculiarities of using urban lands in Uzbekistan, strengthening issues of the ecological function of the urban land places and the legislation analysis of foreign countries.

342-344

Authors: Prozorov A.

The article is devoted to the problems of differentiation of the continued taking of a bribe and set of the crimes provided by art. 290 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation are considered. The main problems are identified and ways to solve them are considered. When qualifying the totality of episodes of bribery, it is important not only to be guided by the clarifications of the Resolution of the Plenum of the RF Armed Forces, but also to give a real assessment of the actions of the bribe-taking into account the circumstances of the crime, relying on objective criteria (several episodes of criminal activity, the nature of the actions, are performed under different circumstances, at different times, with an interval, a place, away, etc.), and on the subjective — focus of intent.

355-365

Authors: Alikarieva A.

The transition to the formation of specialists of a wide profile combining deep fundamental knowledge and thorough practical training requires the intensification of students' cognitive activity. Of particular importance is the formation of the need for active cognition and self-improvement of the individual, which requires its own sociological decision. This is due to the improvement of the mechanisms of social, economic and pedagogical management of universities, taking into account the human factor. Skilful use of the entire potential of the educational process, the use of informal, creative means and methods of introducing students to the values — all this makes humanitarian training a promising form of personal development of the future specialist.

376-384

Authors: Zaitsev D., Eygelis G.

The article analyzes from a psychological point of view a new phenomenon of youth employment — virtual distance labour. The Internetwork is interpreted by the authors as a special form of professional activity outside the traditional workplace, based on virtual interaction, to satisfy individual (personal), social and societal needs using electronic information and communication resources. With many advantages, Internet employment generates a complex of social psychological problems that are not actually investigated by representatives of modern psychology both abroad and in Russia (for example, employer’s stress due to the inability to promptly influence the activities of the Internet worker, to control the quality of his work; stress of the Internet worker, due to the risk of not getting paid for the work done; development of the teleworker's isolation (alexithymia); reduction of his initiative, sociability). The methodology of the psychological study of the phenomenon is primarily represented by the concepts of positive psychology. A productive methodological basis is a complex of psychological tools (neuropsychiatric adaptation test, modified MMPI test, test for assessing the level of reactive and personal anxiety, test Life Satisfaction Index, five-factor personality questionnaire 5PFQ. The study found that for every third a young Internet worker is characterized by neuropsychiatric instability, signs of stress (37.5%); for every fourth — the likelihood of borderline mental pathology, neurotization, and the likelihood of a pronounced mental pathology (25% each). Low level of life satisfaction is observed in 27% of Internet workers, medium and high — in 36.5% (equally). Half of respondents record a high level of personal anxiety, which reflects the risk of self-employment. this affects the moral stability of specialists, reduces their level of sociability, contributes to the formation of alexithymic traits. The combination of these features leads to the fact that for many Internet workers (67%) important samples the problem becomes the provision of self-discipline, self-control of virtual labor activity. Almost as many respondents seek to solve these problems to achieve independence (63%), in particular, developing the ability to have an optimistic worldview. The results of the study make a significant contribution to the psychology of work, the psychology of youth in the form of new theoretical and empirical knowledge, methodological developments in the field of measurement psychological parameters of the subject of activity and contributes to the formation of a new direction in social psychology — the psychology of virtual remote work.

424-434

Authors: Akhmetova Z., Turkmenov A.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the teaching methodology of extracurricular speed reading lessons in psychological and pedagogical work with junior primary school children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with the attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity is a socially significant problem, because it is often found among children and it is the factor of the associated mental disorders in the cognitive, emotional-volitional and behavioural spheres, which lead to behaviour disorders, school maladaptation, early alcohol drinking, etc. The optimal period for corrective actions is the junior primary school age. The article presents the methodology of extracurricular speed-reading lessons, based on the methodological recommendations of Sh. T. Akhmadullin, S. G. Zotov and others, can be used in correctional and development work for the junior primary school children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The methodology of extracurricular speed-reading lessons is based on the activeness approach (S. L. Rubinstein, A. N. Leontyev), it is built on the leading studying activities of the junior primary school age and motivates children to get the valuable skill of speed reading. The methodology of extracurricular speed-reading lessons also has a positive effect on the cognitive, emotional-volitional, behavioural spheres, as well as on the communication sphere of the junior primary school children with the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

447-454

Authors: Tsybov N.

Improving the efficiency of the educational process is one of the most important tasks of both secondary and higher education. In order to implement them, researchers repeatedly proposed new versions of concepts, theories and teaching methods. The experience of introducing and using existing educational theories and concepts has shown that every education innovation has been criticized after a short period. This does not mean that all innovations in the educational field have been initially inoperative. In some cases, promising ideas from innovators could not be implemented due to insufficient training of teachers, as well as insufficient organizational readiness of the Ministry of Education. As for the mentoring methods, the traditional methods for these purposes used to be dogmata, teacher’s personal example, teaching tact and preventive measures that are not enough for the implementation of a modern educational process. In addition, it is worth noting that the above methods are implemented in most cases formally and only some teachers and coaches have teaching tact and can be an example when educating student’s basic personal qualities. The objective of the article is to analyze aspects of the educational process that affect the efficiency of the education and mentoring process. Results. The approaches to improving the efficiency of the educational process were considered from the standpoint of existing educational concepts, from the standpoint of psycho-didactics and cognitive pedagogy. In the article, special attention is paid to considering student’s personal characteristics, models of pedagogical interaction and mentoring part of the educational process. When analyzing the factors affecting the efficiency of the educational process, the issues of diagnosing and correcting students’ personal qualities were considered.

464-471

Authors: Petrenko E., Stradina M.

A large number of works are devoted to the problems of improving the quality of professional education. Analysis of the quality of education allows determining the level of professional training of students and graduates. The aim of the study is to study the level of preparedness of students to solve professional problems in the field of physical culture and sports. One of the criteria for the quality of education is the survival of knowledge of students and graduates who have been trained in higher education programs. Was conducted a study of the level of knowledge of senior students of NSU, named after P. F. Lesgaft, trained in human anatomy and studying the discipline ‘Sports morphology’ and ‘Age characteristics of man’. Identified educational topics, the most poorly understood by students. The paper discusses possible ways to improve the survival of knowledge of students and graduates.

472-483

Authors: Muminov A.

In recent years, the educational system of Uzbekistan is undergoing dramatic changes aimed at the formation of highly qualified personnel in demand in the labour market. In this regard, the country's leadership is taking active actions and measures to reform the system of education. This article highlights the key changes in the education system of Uzbekistan and the main challenges facing the country in the coming years.

489-496

Authors: Antoshkin A.

The article considers the process of recovery in the state trade in Bashkiria from 1945 till 1947. Much attention is paid to developing the goods turnover and changes in the trading network throughout the use of rationing. Whereas consumer cooperation was focused on trade in rural areas, the state sector catered for city consumers. The hard economic conditions forced People’s Commissariat for Trade to make great efforts to achieve some growth in the trading network in Ufa and other cities of Bashkiria. The archive documents used in this study support the conclusion that, despite the austerity policy, scarcity of centralized goods funds, and the poor harvest of 1946, state-owned city trading organizations attained prominent success in promoting the goods turnover through decentralized purchases and their farms. Analyzing the statistical data and the records of People’s Commissariat for Trade in the Republic shows that the further development of the state trading sector could be possible only after rescinding the rationing system. The transition towards open trade, in turn, required changing its underlying principles and working methods both of People’s Commissariat for Trade and its local branches. On the other hand, the study shows that the development of state trade faced considerable organizational difficulties.

507-511

Authors: Antipina A.

The analysis of ‘classical’ (positivism) and ‘non-classical’ (antipositivism) models of social cognition is presented. The similarity of these models is defined in the perspective of the metaphysics of the social — the inherent substantialism, methodological normativism and scientism. The ‘post-nonclassical’ model of social cognition is determined through the rejection of these attitudes. The phenomenological theory is declared as a post-non-classical methodology of social cognition that goes beyond the framework of the opposition ‘positivism–antipositivism’ in social science.

521-530

Authors: Turdieva Kh.

Communication is an important part of people’s life. The communicating way can be the first reason for both success and failure in further progression or regression. Communicating in a proper and polite way with the people in the different cultural background is becoming one of the most important matters that still lacks researching. Cross-cultural communication happens between two or more people who have different cultural background where the politeness has powerful role. Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette; however, it can vary differently in a different culture, namely, what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or unusual in another cultural context. Studying speech etiquette units deeply in one language and comparing them to a particular language can give a great chance to avoid common and uncommon mistakes, misunderstandings and it let learners classify, realize the phrases, words semantically according to certain criteria. In this article, main topic is to study greeting phrases, namely, speech etiquette units comparatively in order to determine the similarities and differences; analyze them lingua-pragmatically considering FTA (face threatening acts) and FSA (face saving acts). Culture differences in greeting behaviour of some countries such as Russia, The USA, Italy, Japan, Indonesia, Philippine, China were studied either in order to highlight the actuality of the problem. (e.g. “Sudah mandi?” – “Have you taken a bath?” is totally normal greetings after saying “Selamat Pagi”-“Good morning” in Indonesia.) Greeting phrases were collected and analyzed by observation lively, virtually and relying on written, recorded materials, as well as holding a questionnaire survey via google.form. In result, 53 Uzbek greetings, 59 Persian greeting phrases analyzed lingua-pragmatically in comparative way. Persian people tend to use etiquette units more (no matter sincerely or not) and debasing 1st person (oneself), praising 2nd, even 3rd person could bring misunderstanding for Uzbek people. FSA is dominant in Persian where FTA can sometimes be seen in Uzbek speech. Idiomatic phrases are used to strengthen politeness in both languages.

8-16

Authors: Ashurova Z., Skorobogatova O.

The work is devoted to the study of the Middle Ob River Chlorophyta plankton (Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug). Previous studies of the Ob River phytoplankton were carried out by Yu. V. Naumenko 30 years ago. The work aim is to assess the species composition and abundance of the Ob River Chlorophyta plankton developing nearby Surgut. Phytoplankton material was collected during the growing season of 2018 nearby Surgut. Research has been by accepted methods conducted. Light microscopy was used for identification, relevant keys and modern international nomenclature changes were used. A Chlorophyta plankton characteristic is given for the studied section of the river: species composition, systematic of the detected species, varieties and forms, characteristics of Classes, Families and Genera. Of 89 identified Algae species, 32 are mentioned for the first time. The Ob River phytoplankton is characterized by autochthonous development with the presence of a large number of single-species Families and Genera characteristic of boreal flora. Two peaks were identified in the development of Chlorophyta cell numbers: in July and September. 6 Algae species have floristically significance in the studied cenosis. Ecologically, planktonic, cosmopolitan species, indifferent to salts and pH value, predominate. According to the saprobiological characteristics, a large proportion of the detected Algae is included in the β-mezosaprobic and α-β-mezosaprobic zones.

24-31

Authors: Mustafayev A.

The aim of the work was to identify a complete floristic list of plants growing in the territory of the Shahdagh National Park. Studies were conducted in the period 2012–2018. Determination of plant species by identifiers and herbarium specimens. Bioecological description of 1603 species of higher plants, 31 species of spore species, 1572 seed species (12 species of Gymnosperms, 1560 Angiosperms, including 294 Monocotyledonous, 1266 species of Dicotyledons) were identified as a result of the research conducted for the first time in the territory of the Shahdagh National Park. For the territory, 6 plant types, 25 formation classes, 72 formations, 99 associations were identified and the main botanical groups forming the vegetation cover were identified. Vegetation of the Shahdagh National Park, on the one hand, is represented by the xerophilous elements of Western Asia, the Mediterranean, Iran, Turan, and on the other is formed by the boreal elements of the Palearctic, Europe, Holarctic, an important role is also played by local indigenous species — the elements of Atropathan and Caucasian type.

44-55

Authors: Bulatov V., Igenbaeva N., Biryukova O., Nanishvili O.

The paper analyzes geological and geophysical materials in order to study the structure of the complex, the composition of rocks and oil and gas Abalak-Bazhenov group of deposits in the region of Western Siberia. The information analysis of sedimentological and hydrodynamic studies of the object is presented. The study is aimed to determine the most promising areas of the Bazhenov–Abalak sediment complex in the territory for the planning of an effective exploration program.

66-69

Authors: Makarov M.

In modern conditions, increasingly used intensive technology of cultivation of field crops. The necessary element of this technology is the use of pesticides. Being in the soil, these chemical sunder various kinds of changes and transformations. The need to study the processes occurring in the soil with the entry of pesticides, the interaction of pesticides with soil biota, as well as the decor position and removal of these chemical elements from the soil, is an important condition for the cultivation of crops on intensive technology.

81-92

Authors: Qian H., Kudashev S., Plotnikov V.

We conducted two sets of experiments, one is under steady-state conditions and the other under pulsating conditions. We focused on measuring the heat transfer characteristics of plate heat exchangers under different pulsation conditions. In the experiment, we control the mass flow of the hot fluid to circulate at a rate of 0.722 kg/s. The mass flow rate of the cold fluid is 0.05-0.18 kg/s, and the pulsation frequency is 0.45-2.23 Hz. We measured different mass flows at different pulsation frequency. The data analysis shows that when the pulsation frequency is 1.78 Hz, the heat transfer coefficient reaches a maximum of 4415.73 w/(m2·k), and the corresponding cold fluid mass flow rate is 0.155 kg/s, and compared with the heat transfer characteristics of the plate heat exchanger under steady flow, it is found that the average increase in the heat transfer coefficient during the transition to the pulsating mode was 20%.

100-106

Authors: Shvaiba D.

In recent years, the financial and economic recovery increasingly rests on the problems of development of the transport network and energy. The measures are taken in recent years, including the reform of monopolies, have not led to a significant increase in investment in these segments of the economy. To some extent, this is due to the lack of institutional criteria to ensure the openness of their work, as well as control over the effective expenditure of funds. In order to resolve these tasks, the Government of the Republic of Belarus will implement measures aimed at the subsequent implementation of institutional reforms and stimulating the pace of financial and economic recovery. We need urgent measures aimed at improving the institutional system, including the creation of accurate and clear ‘rules of the game’ for all subjects, ensuring an increase in the confidence of all subjects of financial, economic and political activity in the Belarusian society. The previously mentioned instruments of the mechanism of ensuring the socio–economic security of Belarus form a strong base for the continuation of sustainable development for the long term. In addition, in order to stimulate financial and economic growth, it is necessary to implement tax policy, which is obliged to promote the increase of competitiveness and the rise of business activity of economic entities, as well as to guarantee the reduction of the tax burden for business, including reduction of the value added tax rate in the medium term, simplification of procedures for calculation and payment of taxes and streamlining of tax audits and reporting.

114-119

Authors: Platova A., Shumov P.

This article discusses the reform of the judicial system of the Russian Federation through the creation of separate appellate and cassation courts of General jurisdiction. The question of the competence of new courts, the composition of the court, as well as the characteristics of these courts are analyzed. In particular, attention is focused on the creation of appeal and cassation courts within the territories of the respective judicial appeal and cassation districts that do not coincide with the administrative-territorial division of the Russian Federation. In addition, attention is drawn to the establishment of a permanent judicial presence, which will be located outside the permanent seat of the court. The positive and negative sides of the reform, its expediency are analyzed. The main advantage of the judicial reform, according to the author, is the separation of the courts of appeal and cassation from the courts of first instance, which will affect the improvement of the judicial system. The author also points to the problems solved in connection with the reform of the judicial system.

129-133

Authors: Shlyakova O., Shumov P.

The article discusses current problems related to the issues of appointment, conduct, appeal examination, assessment of expert opinion, the status of an expert in arbitration proceedings. Also described are approximate solutions to these problems.

140-143

Authors: Yakushkin S.

To date, the current direction of research is the implementation of the principle of justice punishment for the crime committed. The article proposes the introduction of a new category of offences — criminal misconduct, which will occupy an intermediate link between an administrative offence and a criminal offence. The institute of criminal offense will allow to more accurately classify crimes by the degree of their public danger, to differentiate in detail the punishment for the convicted person, in accordance with the principles of justice and humanism, and to free convicts for minor or moderate crimes who committed them for the first time, from a vicious criminal conviction.

149-186

Authors: Nemtsov A.

The article is devoted to the study of student’s perception of conflicts that take place in modern Russian society. At the same time, from the theoretical point of view, society is considered as a system of interacting conflicts. Methodological approaches are tested to assess a number of psychological and sociological characteristics. In particular, the author studies the subjective perception of the acuteness of a number of major social conflicts by students, their resolution and interaction of these parameters. The algorithms of substantial analysis of the data obtained are substantiated. In addition, the attitude to some social groups and their representatives is considered in the context of the study of the perception of conflicts. The article presents the results of humanitarian specialization students.

192-201

Authors: Shestakova L., Gorevskikh A.

The need for the study is substantiated by the insufficient development of the conditions for organizing activities for the formation of cognitive universal educational actions in students through the use of competence–oriented tasks. The above indicates that the problem of the formation of cognitive universal educational actions through the use of competence-oriented tasks is insufficiently developed and requires additional research. Thus, a number of contradictions were singled out: between the modern requirements of society for students, who should have perfect cognitive educational devices that do not ensure their development in a secondary school; and between the need to develop cognitive learning in the process of teaching mathematics and the insufficient elaboration of this issue in pedagogical theory and practice. The outlined contradictions testify to the relevance of the research topic and allow us to formulate its problem: what should be the conditions for the use of competent–oriented tasks in order to form cognitive universal learning activities for students (based on mathematics)? Under the terms of the organization of activities in this article we will understand the complex of special conditions created by the teacher to achieve the goals set, namely the education and training of students. In the process of conducting research, certain skills are selected that are part of the cognitive universal educational actions. For the formation of the selected characteristics was organized training activities of students in compliance with the following conditions. First, the development and implementation of the mathematical circle I am learning to analyze. Secondly, the construction of work based on the use of specific types of competence–oriented tasks. Thirdly, two types of work were used: with ready competence–oriented tasks and to transform tasks from textbooks into competence–oriented ones. Experimental work has yielded positive results. Significance of the study: the materials of the article may be useful for schoolteachers of mathematics.

209-217

Authors: Usmonova D.

The article delves into the new approaches to discourse highlighting its communicative, cognitive, pragmatic and linguocultural aspects. The aim is to scrutinize the notion of discourse in relation to the human factor in different communicative settings. It is acknowledged that studies on the current topic area can be more successful by the integration of the anthropocentric paradigm.

10-19

Authors: Abdaliev U., Tashpolotov Y., Sadykov E.

In this article considered the mathematical design of the process of burning of a drop of water-emulsion fuel. A drop of an emulsion of type water-oil is the difficult system, consisting of fuel, in that evenly as drops micro drops are up-diffused waters being into the drop of emulsion. At burning isolated microdrops of water with emulsion, there is an irreversible exothermic reaction. For such reactions considered the nonlinear task, with the use of the theory of spatially–homogeneous thermal explosions in the process of burning of fuel. This theory shows a few features, not considered to it. These features include appearance more than of one external area, more than one (internal) layer and nonlinear transformation of compression-expansion. As a result, an asymptotic decision for an incompressible liquid allows to get the hydrodynamic fields of the explosion in a vicinity steam bubble drop, and also in the vicinity of temperature front.

28-39

Authors: Oberemchenko A.

Soil is one of the environment basic elements. It has not only the accumulating ability but also is a natural buffer, controls the chemical elements transfer into the atmosphere, hydrosphere and living matter. Urban soils are significantly different from natural soils. Urban soils are characterized by degradation of the air and water regime, vital activity disruption of soil organisms. There is a direct dependence of the urban population health state on the preservation degree of natural (ecological) properties of urban soils. Every year the anthropogenic load on the environment increases. One of the main environmental pollutants is heavy metals. The purpose of this study is to soils contamination degree determines of heavy metals in Nizhnevartovsk (Western Siberia, Russia). In the soil sampling in 2017/18, the pH value and the concentration of mobile forms of copper, iron, zinc, nickel, chromium, lead and manganese were determined. The main sources of pollution in the urban environment are motor transport and enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. The main pollutants found in elevated concentrations are zinc, copper, nickel, lead and manganese. In 2018, there was a change in the concentration of mobile forms of zinc, copper, nickel and lead. High concentrations of manganese were detected. The environmental situation in Nizhnevartovsk is generally assessed as moderately hazardous by indicators of soil chemical contamination.

47-55

Authors: Shkarin N., Naumenko E.

The article presents a modern understanding of the physiology of the fetal–placental circulation, reflects the characteristics of blood flow in the fetus and the newborn. The anatomical and physiological features of the cardiovascular system in newborns are covered in detail.

65-70

Authors: Shkarin N., Naumenko E., Korobkov D.

Among diseases of the cardiovascular system in infants, congenital heart and vascular defects occupy a dominant place. The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. The development of heart failure in congenital heart defects is an uncommon syndrome complex that requires the use of complex drug therapy. In the course of our study, we evaluated the results of the use of complex medical therapy for heart failure in newborns. We found that drug therapy in newborns with congenital heart defects using cardiometabolic agents reliably improves intracardiac hemodynamics — the size of the right heart cavities decreases, the ejection fraction increases, the metabolic process improves, and the child's overall condition and well-being improves. Thus, newborns with congenital heart defects need not only cardiotonic but also cardiographic therapy.

86-93

Authors: Kurbanova D.

Data of the literature review on the most widespread types of hyperpigmentation, in particular — chloasma and melasma are provided in this article. Melasma — the widespread pathology which is found at the women with the swarthy type of skin living in regions with intensive ultraviolet radiation. The major factors contributing to the development of melasma are the impact of ultraviolet radiation, pregnancy and change of the hormonal status, a disease of a thyroid gland, some medicines (hormonal medicines, salicylates, anticonvulsant means). In the Kyrgyz Republic quite intensive level of ultraviolet radiation, especially during the summer period. Melasma or a Chloasma — the acquired pigmentation of an uneven form which is located generally in a face and a neck, as a result of a violation of the hormonal status. Melasma is more often shown during pregnancy, reception of contraceptives, new growths of ovaries, etc. Process of hyperpigmentation is connected with changed ratios of estrogen and progesterone and also the action of ultra-violet radiation. According to a number of authors, secondary hyperpigmentations arise owing to inflammation and/or excess influence of UV–radiation. Secondary hyperpigmentations are one of skin photoaging markers. In the treatment of hyperpigmentation of the skin, it is necessary to consider etiopathogenetic features and to apply system and local approach. System approach provides an impact on factors which promote developing of hyperpigmentation. The main objective of dermatologists at treatment is the application of external means locally. External correction of hyperpigmentation is directed to reduction of the production of melanin, bleaching and peeling off a horn layer of skin. Elimination of hyperpigmentation is a joint problem of dermatology and cosmetology. Cosmetology correction of hyperpigmentation surely has to be carried out in two directions: peeling of a horn layer of skin and reduction of products of melanin and also ensuring reliable protection of the skin against the aggressive influence of ultraviolet by means of cosmetics with UV filters.

99-106

Authors: Atezhanov D., Supiyev T., Bakiyev B.

It is well known that monitoring the effectiveness of primary prevention and the quality of dental care to the population is one of the most important components of any health care system. During the period from 1989 to 2005, the Republican “Program of comprehensive prevention of dental diseases in children” was actively introduced in the Republic of Kazakhstan. During this period in Almaty, the provision of dentists amounted to 4.5 positions per 10 thousand children; the staffing level of the posts was 100%. As a result, 54.5% of the children's population was covered by preventive examinations, and 92.4% of them were sanitized. In the years of the formation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, due to the lack of budgetary funds, the activity of preventive works decreased. The purpose of the work is to summarize the results of preventive work among children in Almaty using fluorine-containing preparations. The research results showed that currently only 29 out of 182 large schools have stationary dental offices, where, starting from 2016, a new “Tariff of medical services” is being introduced. In particular, remineralization therapy, fluorine coating of intact teeth, fluoride-cement application of teeth, closure of fissures with sealants. Dynamic observation of children after 6 and 12 months revealed a tendency to stabilize the carious process. In the areas of the teeth, where the cretaceous spots were determined, the enamel lustre appeared. The preservation of fillings was observed, their good marginal fit, the development of secondary caries and teeth affected by caries was not detected. Taking into account the needs, each school and preschool institutions should be provided with regular units of a dental hygienist who should provide all types of non-invasive prevention of dental diseases. It has been confirmed that a decrease in the incidence of dental morbidity is possible only with the introduction of an economically feasible program for the prevention of dental diseases and by providing highly qualified dental care with timely regular preventive measures.

112-117

Authors: Tarabukina S., Barashkova S., Martirosyan A., Popova O., Ushnitskaya N.

We have conducted studies of the organization of drug assistance to the residents living in the settlements of the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). According to the results of our sociological survey among medical workers, there was an insufficient range of medicines, the lack of necessary equipment for organizing proper storage of medicines in geographically separate units of central district hospitals. The measures for improving the state of drug supply in populated areas of the Arctic regions where there are no pharmacy organizations are identified.

122-127

Authors: Nazarov B.

The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of infection by various diseases and resistance of samples from different hybrid (F2 and F3) progenies. The selected disease resistant hybrid lines were recommended for the further investigations and hybridization programs as parental forms. F2 hybrid combinations resistant to yellow rust disease were found to be: TT 01404 Shefeg × Sonmez, TT 01407 Alman sortu × Murov-2, TT 01410 Shefeg-2 × Alman sortu, TT 01414 Doka × Alman sortu; F3 hybrids: TT 01301 /1 Murov-2 × Bezostaya-1, TT 01302 /2 Murov-2 × Doka, TT 01321/1 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01321/2 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01327/2 Doka × Pervin, etc. F2 hybrid combinations resistant to brown rust disease were: TT 01417 Sonmez × Shefeg-2, TT 01424 Pervin × Azeri, TT 01434 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek/1 × Murov-2, TT 01438 Murov × Shefeg-2; F3 hybrids: TT 01302/2 Murov-2 × Doka, TT 01304/1 Murov-2 × Tanya, TT 01305/1 Murov-2 × Shefeg-2, TT 01305/3 Murov-2 × Shefeg-2, TT 01307 /1 Shefeg-2 × Doka. F2 hybrid lines resistant to powdery mildew disease were: TT 01413 Doka × Sonmez, TT 01422 Pervin × Murov-2, TT 01428 Vassa × Mahmud 80, TT 01431 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek/1 × Mahmud 80, TT 01433 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek /1 × Yegane; F3 hybrids TT 01310/1 Shefeq-2 × Vassa, TT 01316 /3 Murov × Bezostaya-1, TT 01317/2 Murov × Tanya, TT 01321/1 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01334/1 Sonmez × Pervin, etc.

135-140

Authors: Toktorbaeva G., Tashpolotov Y.

The article presents the results of scientific research on the processing of nutshells by pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties of walnut shells and decomposition products obtained by pyrolysis of walnut shells in different temperature regimes are described. The process of pyrolysis of walnut shells in the temperature range of 250–550°C with the formation of charcoal without air access was studied. It is established that the output of charcoal from the shell of Greek nuts is at 550°C 31.3% weight.

146-153

Authors: Shishkin V., Shulzhenko E., Tatarenko I., Mikhalev V.

The purpose of the study is to develop methods and techniques for optimizing the technological parameters of particularly important factors affecting the state of the fertility of animals, providing an increase in the productive longevity of cows, the volume of milk production and reducing losses at minimum production costs. The solution of the problems ensuring the achievement of the research goal was carried out by theoretical methods (information review and patent search; identification of regularities, dependencies and factors that determine the effectiveness of improving the reproductive performance of cows) and experimental studies (obtaining and primary processing of initial information from the materials of the annual periodic reporting of enterprises; the choice of a mathematical model of the process). On the basis of the results of research measures to optimize the fertility of dairy cows, the state of fertility, including the factor ‘service’ (motivation of dairy cattle without investing additional funds).

162-167

Authors: Mamytov A.

The results of the study of the effect of modified additives on the rheological and mechanical properties of concrete and mortar when using limestone as a filler are presented. The aim of the work was to study the effect of modifiers on the rheology of the concrete mix and mortar and the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete when using active aggregate. A chemical additive, the Glynium-Superplasticizer based on polycarboxylic ether polymers, was used. As a result, it was found that the addition of technogenic fine silica product together with micro silica and electrostatic precipitator strengthens the concrete.

174-182

Authors: Israfilova G.

The article discusses the concept of staff involvement and its content as a way to improve the efficiency of the organization. The main approaches to the definition of the concept of employee engagement are highlighted. On the basis of a systematic approach, an analysis of the activity of the enterprise to involve personnel in the implementation of strategic development was carried out, a sociological method of questioning the employees of the enterprise to determine the engagement index was used. The factors of the involvement of the personnel of PJSC Nizhnekamskneftekhim are highlighted. The proposed measures to improve staff involvement in the strategic development of the organization.

190-202

Authors: Raimbekov Zh., Syzdykbayeva B., Azatbek T., Sadykov B.

The article discusses the internal and external factors influencing the Chinese initiative of the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) on the socio-economic development of the regions of Kazakhstan and on its economic growth. Based on expert assessments the most important factors influencing the economic development of the regions of Kazakhstan are identified. The main directions of improving the factors affecting the economy of Kazakhstan are proposed. The ways of manifestation and influence of the SREB factors on the development strategy of Kazakhstan are identified, and possible response measures and recommendations for mitigating and improving the influencing factors are identified.

214-231

Authors: Syzdykbayeva B., Raimbekov Zh., Baimbetova A., Kamzenov A.

The article provides an analysis of the current state of the logistics of freight and trade distribution systems in macro-regions and large urban agglomerations of Kazakhstan. A general analysis of distribution systems in trade-in Kazakhstan, in particular in large cities, revealed problems. Based on the study of foreign and domestic experience, recommendations are proposed for the formation and development of efficient logistics distribution centres in the agglomerations of Kazakhstan and improving their operational efficiency.

238-242

Authors: Krivova N., Rudenko E.

Due to the active participation of the Russian Federation over the past 10 years in the global foreign trade, the role of Incoterms rules significantly increases. At the present time contracts of domestic entrepreneurs with foreign contractors are increasingly in need of the application of generally accepted international rules. Incoterms play the role of the most important and necessary in many cases instrument that allows settling the relations of the parties when carrying out foreign trade activities. In essence, the Incoterms rules are comprehensive examples of the construction of contractual relations of the parties in the field of sale of goods. However, in practice, there are many problems with the use of these terms, despite their convenience and practicality in use. Among the main problems of Incoterms application that many foreign trade participants incorrectly represent the legal nature of Incoterms.

248-252

Authors: Laukhina A.

The article analyzes some aspects of law enforcement in the sphere of hereditary legal relations burdened with disputes on the recognition of invalid wills. It concludes that the necessary legislation to resolve the issue by making adjustments to Article 48 of the Law ‘Fundamentals of Russian Federation legislation on notaries’ and it provided not only the right to a judicial inquiry but also the right to propose passing a voluntary psychiatric examination and the right to refuse in performance of the notarial action analyzed by us.

12-20

Authors: Presnyakov K., Kerimkulova G., Pershakova E.

This article discusses the possibility of improving the reliability of a method for detecting elements of a locally isotropic flow in a turbulent flow of water by introducing, instead of the traditional structural functions, their pulsation modifications. Relative pulsation structural functions were justified, and, on their basis, a predictable expected result was revealed — the absence of elements of a locally isotropic flow in the main part of real turbulent water flow. The probability of the existence of elements of local isotropy in the laminar boundary layer is suggested, the criterion of which is the ratio of vertical and longitudinal pulsation structure functions equal to 1.3±0.4.

25-28

Authors: Shuvalova L., Yarullin A.

The problem from the section of electrical engineering on transient processes in electric circuits with two inertial elements is considered, which is reduced to an approximate solution of the integrodifferential equation with numerical implementation in the mathematical package MathCad.

33-37

Authors: Kantsavaya I., Kharaeva E.

This paper investigates the protective properties of the aqueous extract of silkworm pupae (CABG) in terms of the toxic effect of copper ions on morphometrically parameters in Allium-test. Methods: It is established that the joint use of aqueous extract of silkworm pupae and copper sulphate at a concentration of 100 µm growth inhibition of roots is not happening and even stimulated by the application of aqueous extract of silkworm pupae at a concentration of 1 ml/10 ml. Stimulation of root growth is also observed with the combined use of 1000 µm copper sulfate and aqueous extract of silkworm pupae in a concentration of 10 ml/100 ml of the solution with respect to the use of copper sulfate only. A significant decrease in the parameter ‘length of sprouts’ in 1.3-6.0 times with respect to the control was observed when using copper ions in concentrations of 100–1000 microns, while at a metal concentration of 10 microns no negative effect on the development of sprouts was established. The emergence of lateral roots in 20–50% of cases observed only in the use of an aqueous extract of silkworm pupae. Thus, in the study of morphometric parameters of seedlings of onion (the relative growth of roots, length of shoots, their weight) set the modifier of the protective effect of aqueous extract of silkworm pupae when used together with copper sulfate in concentrations of 10 and 100 µm. At a concentration of 10 ml of aqueous extract of silkworm pupae/100 ml solution protective function in relation to ions of copper are more severe.

44-50

Authors: Chiriapkin A., Glushko A., Chiriapkin V., Gendugov T.

Computer simulation is a rapidly developing method of scientific researches. Currently, computational experiments are being conducted in various fields of human activity, including medical and pharmaceutical. This article discusses the latest achievements and scientific approaches of computer modeling of the virus particles. To the improvement of knowledge about the structure of viruses and their biological processes, including through computational experiments, scientists will be able to design and create viral particles for various purposes in the field of medicine and pharmacy.

60-67

Authors: Akhmatova A., Joldoshbek kyzy M.

One of the acute problems of Kyrgyzstan is the possible pollution of the environment around the tailings. The object of this study is tailings. The content of heavy metals around tailings was studied. For the study, samples were taken of soil, water and plants of the village of Min–Kush, Jumgal region, Ak–Tyuz Kemin district, tailings in Mailuu–Suu. Methods: spectrographic method, statistical and analytical. As a result, data were obtained confirming the presence of heavy metals in the study area. The concentration of metals varies and depends on the distance from the source of pollution. The greatest interest for the study is the content of heavy metals in the village, located near the mine. In conclusion, the conclusion is made about the need for continuous monitoring of heavy metals and the development of measures to protect the population.

75-82

Authors: Golovanova K., Butova S.,

A study was made of the effect of natural sweeteners on blood sugar levels, comparing the effects of the following natural sweeteners: stevia extract (90% stevioside), arhat extract, sucralose, stevia leaf powder. The aim of the study was to select the optimal sweetener, which has a minimal effect on blood sugar levels, for use in the formulation of a dietary supplement for the prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

90-97

Authors: Kachybekova L.

In the Kyrgyz Republic, there is a two-level system of a survey of citizens on disability. Primary level territorial medico-social commissions of experts are. And coordinating activity of medico-social commissions of experts the Republican centre of medico-social examination at the Ministry of Labor and social development of the Kyrgyz Republic is controlling. This model of medico-social examination functions since the Soviet period. The organizational and functional model of service of medico-social examination which is based on a division of function of the central and territorial levels is offered. At the same time, the central level performs the coordinating, control and monitoring, methodical functions and also appellate procedure of the conclusions of primary medico-social commissions of experts. In this model, ensuring coordination of activity of medico-social commission of experts for rendering fair, uniform and available assessment of disability in the directions has to be the main objective of the central structure: expert and diagnostic, expert and rehabilitation, methodical–statistical and administrative and legal. The main division of the Republican centre of medico-social examination is the republican medico-social commission of experts. At the same time, the approved standards and standards of activity of this division are not available. Also, in structure, there are no divisions which are carrying out control, monitoring of the quality of medico-social examination and development of individual programs of rehabilitation in territorial medico-social commissions of experts. The model corresponds to the principles of the biopsychosocial model of disability at which the assessment of the state of health and the decision social questions concerning persons with limited opportunities of health is carried out. The carried-out analysis of functions of medico-social commissions of experts on the formation of rehabilitation revealed that are not described accurately, specific, measures for the socialization of persons with a disability, are not specified rehabilitation questions of the educational and developing character. The offered model of optimization of the medico-social examination allows territorial medico-social commissions of experts to form together with municipal authorities plans for ensuring social integration of persons with limited opportunities of health. In general, in the republic, the structure and problems of medico-social examination do not answer the modern principles of a system of social protection of persons with disability that it reduces the quality of estimated function and function of formation of programs of rehabilitation.

105-111

Authors: Baimuratov T., Aidarov Z., Mamatov S.

The article is devoted to the analysis and evaluation of the medical and social expertise service in the Kyrgyz Republic. The study showed that the organizational structure, staffing and location of the medical and social expert commissions of the Republican Center for Medical and Social Expertise do not meet modern requirements of the time and need to be optimized and improved.

129-136

Authors: Chaulin A., Aleksandrov A., Karslyan L., Nurbaltaeva D., Mazaev A., Grigorieva E.

Catestatin is a cationic and hydrophobic peptide derived from the enzymatic cleavage of the prohormone chromogranin A. Catestatin was first discovered in 1997 as a potent non-competitive and reversible inhibitor of catecholamine secretion. Accumulating evidence shows that catestatin is involved with cardiovascular diseases, performs important functions and can be used as a diagnostic biomarker. In this article, we review recent basic research and clinical trials in the study of catestatin and summarize the association of catestatin with cardiovascular diseases.

145-152

Authors: Fatullaev P.

During the period of 2017–18, we studied a collection of barley in the amount of 180 varieties of samples from 21 countries of the world, specially selected taking into account the problems of selection in conditions of rainfed agriculture. Evaluation of samples on the content of protein and lysine was carried out in the laboratory of Grain, Pulses and Industrial Crops of the Institute of Biological Resources of the Nakhichevan branch of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan. To determine the protein in the barley grain, the SPEKTRUM-119 M. Infrared Analyzer was used, and the lysine content on the Hitachi Amino Acid Analyzer was used. Separate high-protein samples with increased (3.0%) lysine content in protein was isolated, which on both backgrounds are distinguished by a high content of protein in the grain and a relatively high concentration of lysine in the protein, which enhances their value as a starting material for quality selection.

160-166

Authors: Vagunin D., Ivanova N., Ambrosimova N.

Field studies are conducted at the reclamation facility Gubino, located on the experimental base of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands. Legumes play the role of the main crop in an energy-efficient farming system. They not only preserve and increase the fertility of the soil but are also capable of producing cheap high-quality protein without nitrogen fertilizer. In this regard, Galega orientalis favorably with traditional cultures. The object of research in the experience are 3 varieties Galega orientalis. Varieties Galega orientalis: Gale — breeding of the Estonian Research Institute of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Yubilyar — GNU Pskov Research Institute of Agriculture, Krivich — GNU Pskov Research Institute of Agriculture. When choosing the cereal component, preference was given to the awnless brome grass, canary grass and timothy grass. These cultures are unpretentious and long-term. Winter-hardy and drought-resistant, they are able to tolerate long-term waterlogging. Well eaten by all types of livestock. Joint crops of these species grow in one place up to 10–12 years and ensure the longevity of the grass stands that is created. Under the conditions of the Central District of the Nonchernozem Zone on sod-podzolic sandy loam soil, single-species Galega Orientalis crops provide productivity of 4.3-11.7 t/ha of dry mass. The yield in four-component herbage on the basis of Galega Orientalis in a mixture with cereal grass is in the range of 5.0–9.6 t/ha. On average, over the years of research, Galega Orientalis of the Krivich variety of single-species planting has been more saturated with protein. Galega Orientalis had good foliage for 5 years of research. In pure crops, it varies from 43.6 to 65.0%, in a mixture with cereals — 45.5–64.5%. The formation of shoots depended on the species composition of grass stands. The densest herbage on a natural background was noted on gley soil and on average over the years of observation amounted to 136 pcs/m2.

173-181

Authors: Islamzade R.

The main agrochemical indices of the Mountain Shirvan soil, which are changeably supplied with moisture, are presented. In 2016-2018 studies were carried out on 3 experimental plots and controls, using standard techniques. The dry ground biomass of the Jalalabad-19 barley was harvested and the dependence of nitrogen adsorption on the norms of planting and fertilizers, as well as the phases of barley development, as well as the dependence of the amount of dry ground biomass on the amount of precipitation over the years. The data on the assimilation of nitrogen in the full phase of plant ripening with fertilizer N60P45K45 and the seeding rate of 140 kg/ha, at 14.65 and 6.17 kg/ha compared with the seeding rate of 120 and 160 kg/ha are given.

187-191

Authors: Abbasova V.

The work was performed in Tovuz, Agstafa and Gazakh regions in 2015-19. The main method of studying the material was the survey method according to the method of D. M. Cotton. As a result, it was found that the plants used to affect the central nervous system are 2 species; with respiratory diseases — 3 species; with diseases of the digestive system — 21 species; for the prevention and treatment of vitamin deficiency — 5 species; with helminthiases — 16 species; and used for diseases of the liver, biliary tract, kidney, urinary tract and bleeding — 4 types. These plants do not form ranges and are found in almost all areas.

212-228

Authors: Lipkan A., Panasyuk A., Kashbulgayanov R.

The existing theoretical method of assessing the contour area of the tire contact spot by the mathematical model of V. L. Biederman through the determination of the parameters of the universal characteristics of the tire (UCT) provides an indicator of the ply rate, which in connection with the introduction of modern tires no longer reflect the accepted relationship — the greater the ply rate, the higher the tire stiffness. Therefore, when calculating the contour area of the tire contact spot, an error of up to 28% is possible. In this connection, we have conducted exploratory experiments specifying the theoretical method for calculating the contact patch for modern tires. In this connection, we conducted search experiments clarifying the theoretical method of calculating the contact spot for modern tires and offers a comparative assessment of the four ways to determine the area of the contact spot tire: 1) directly by measuring the area using a digital photograph of the imprint of a contact tire in the Kompas-3D V13 program environment with scaling and method errors using a 100×100 mm square; 2) by calculation according to the formula of the area of the ellipse (hereinafter — according to the formula), using the length and width of the contact patch of the tire, measured by a tape measure directly from the received imprint; 3) by calculation using the formula, using the length and width of the tire contact patch, determined from its digital photograph in the Kompas-3D V13 software environment; 4) by the formula, using the length and width of the contact patch of the tire, determined by calculation using the UCT parameters. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the fourth most convenient method for theoretical determination of the contour area of a tire contact patch using UCT parameters, but the convergence of the calculated and experimental contour areas of a tire contact patch should be ensured by their ratio.

234-238

Authors: Martynova T., Logachev N., Daineko D., Obryadin A., Vakurov A.

Discusses Triax Technologies’ system for safety at the construction site using wearable Spot-r devices, which allow you to track workers’ movements, falls of workers, and to detect the risk of their injury. The advantages and disadvantages of this system, as well as the scope and development prospects in the construction field, are considered. The directions of development and improvement of wearable devices to ensure safety in the construction industry are considered.

245-253

Authors: Bystrova, A., Dembovskii, N., Dedyaev, D., Zenkin, P., & Vakurov, A.

An analysis of the use of variable formwork is given. The HYPAR project is the result of a design research studio at the University of Melbourne in Australia. The advantages and disadvantages of this system, as well as the scope and development prospects in civil engineering, are considered. Analyzed articles of Russian and foreign authors. The verification method used to confirm the accuracy of the result is considered. The purpose of the work is to determine the practical significance in the modern construction of new material. The paper presents an assessment in detail and provides information on the limitations and prospects for use. In conclusion, it is concluded that the manufacturing method promises to reduce waste and manual labour in the construction of complex double-curved panels. The use of such formwork is an effective means of construction.

259-265

Authors: Batkovskiy A., Klochkov V.

Improving the efficiency of innovative development of enterprises producing military products in terms of their diversification requires reforming the management structure and creating an adequate structure of modern methodology and computer–oriented technology for the formation of innovative development programs, adoption and support of optimal management decisions. These solutions are complex in nature, the degree of accounting and coordination of various factors, as are subject to implementation in the relationship and mutual influence of technical and economic characteristics of the state of enterprises, optimization criteria, dynamic and stochasticity of the control object. The implementation of these requirements allows implementing a conceptual approach that combines methods of substantiation of economic decisions in the information technology of program planning and management, which is the basis of the mechanism for the implementation of programs of innovative development of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the conditions of diversification of military production. The quality of management and the results of the implementation of innovative development programs of enterprises are interdependent. Not only the technology of planning but also the economic mechanism of program management is crucial. It should facilitate the implementation of the coordinating functions for the management of the program, based on the results of an objective technical and economic analysis of the consequences of the decisions taken.

272-279

Authors: Bakieva I., Abdullaeva Z., Zainiddinova Sh.

Modern tendencies of innovative development in the field of economic sectors the main directions of scientific and technical progress in the field of formation of international integrated business systems. Increasing the efficiency and quality of international economics is largely determined by the introduction of foreign trade of goods and services. All achievements of scientific and technological progress of the economy require the best-organized management application. Analyzing the situation that has developed in the service sector in recent year’s technological progress in all sphere based on professional researches on an innovative way of the management system.

287-294

Authors: Smirnov V.

The article describes the domestic experience of development and implementation of the enterprise development strategy based on the elements of digital marketing. Priorities of development of the basic elements of marketing of the enterprise increasing efficiency of its activity are studied.

301-305

Authors: Alekseev A., Korolev G.

The digital era is not just a great opportunity for companies, but also its implementation. One of the biggest problems of the digital transformation of enterprises is the internal transformation of the company. The problems that enterprises usually face when switching to digitalization are outdated technological processes, the lack of managerial competencies of the new format and the management of human resources by the old methods. Digitalization, using new concepts, models and technologies, provides faster and more efficient work, and on the other hand, helps managers manage better and smarter. The main goal of this article is to present a model of the process of digitization of an enterprise/company that can be used to transform it, with the aim of increasing productivity and increasing economic attractiveness. The model is mainly based on process optimization and consists of competent personnel management, as well as the introduction of new, more flexible organizational forms. The authors of the article attempted to update the process of transformation of enterprises, taking into account the requirements of ‘Industry 4.0’.

312-317

Authors: Mirdzhalilova D.

The features of the current state and development of the market for commercial real estate management services in the market in Uzbekistan are considered. The analysis of this type of service was carried out, the features and differences by type of property were determined. On the basis of statistics and a number of companies, an analysis of the relevance of these services has been performed, and information on 2017 and 2018 is given. In conclusion, it is concluded that services for commercial real estate objects are governed by economic processes in the country and there is an increase in the demand for these services in large cities and districts of Uzbekistan. In the future, management services will become economically profitable subject to further development of technologies in this area.

326-335

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The danger in General, and not only socio-economic, is considered such due to the fact that it creates a threat of destruction of the object or harms it. The danger of socio-economic security has the ability to be defined in the final form as some harm, an integral indicator of which characterizes the level of decline in the socio-economic potential for a specific time. The danger is understood as an array of criteria, processes, moments that prevent the implementation of socio-economic needs and interests or form a threat to them and the subjects of economic activity.

343-350

Authors: Lovkova E., Chubrina K.

The article considers the role of innovation systems in the economic development of small business at the regional level. The analysis of the impact of innovation systems on the development of small businesses. In the analysis, the author uses the correlation analysis, which reveals a positive relationship between a number of indicators characterizing the innovation system and the economic development of small businesses in the regions of the Russian Federation. As a result of the analysis developed a set of measures in the areas of small business development and innovation.

357-365

Authors: Kydygalieva A.

Object. For any business, the main goal is to get the highest possible amount of profit. Factors of its formation can be both external and internal factors. The factors of the internal environment include the structure and qualifications of personnel, marketing, Finance, level of technical equipment, organizational structure, etc.; the factors of the external environment include changes in the legal framework, the standard of living of the population, the development of science and technology, cultural values and consumer preferences, and more. The management of the enterprise is much easier to manage the internal environment than the external one. So, the indirect impact factor — competition, is one of the key indicators, and its management — a very complex process. Not only competition affects the activities of the enterprise, but the company itself as part of the market affects competition in the industry as a whole. From this point of view, the author of the article considered various concepts of competition. Purposes. Classification of methods for assessing the competitiveness of enterprises, their comparison, as well as the definition of their advantages and disadvantages, the definition of properties, and the identification of the optimal method of assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise. Conclusion. During the consideration of various methods of assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise, they were classified into two groups: analytical and graphical. It was found that there is no universal method for assessing the state of the enterprise relative to competing firms. If one method of assessing competitiveness is easy to use and operational, one of its drawbacks will be the unreliability of the results, the presence of a large error or the absence of specific recommendations for achieving competitive advantages, and Vice versa, if the method is sufficiently accurate, its disadvantage will be the high cost of collecting and processing information, large labor costs or the complexity of their implementation.

371-375

Authors: Prokhorov A.

The paper deals with the formation of the social sphere in Russia. Particular attention is paid to the social service of the population, which has recently been relevant to our country. Used information on the history of 19–20 centuries and modern documents regulating the activities of social services. The author identified the main stages of the historical formation of social assistance, as well as the formation of social services in Russia. In conclusion, the data on the social program operating in Moscow are given and the conclusion is made about the need to develop social support for the population at the present stage.

386-392

Authors: Karypov B.

The article analyzes legislative innovations in the framework of reforming the judicial system of the Kyrgyz Republic, which was among the first in the post-Soviet space to adopt a separate Code of Misconduct, which determined the course on the humanization of justice, optimization of criminal responsibility, decriminalization of acts. The author also reviewed reforms in the criminal law field, in particular, the introduction of the institute of probation and refusal of the institute of conviction, new conceptual approaches to the qualification of punishment for offences based on a comparative analysis of the legislation on misconduct in the CIS countries. The object of the study is the process of introducing into the legislation the category of misconduct, the distinction between criminal offences and misconduct. The subject of the research is the main novelties in the field of criminal legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic, related primarily to the adoption of the Code of Misconduct. In the study of the problem, universal and private scientific methods of cognition were used: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, historical–legal and comparative. The author makes several suggestions for improving and resolving possible problems in law enforcement practice on offences, which will later become the subject of detailed scientific research by legal scholars from near and far abroad.

402-406

Authors: Pavlov N., Belchik A.

In this article, the authors consider the administrative responsibility of minors. On the basis of research, the features were identified both in the order of attraction and in the types of penalties that can be imposed for the Commission of an offence by these persons. During the study, the authors identified the problems of administrative responsibility of minors. Various justifications of the necessity of levelling of these problems are given, various ways of the decision are offered.

413-419

Authors: Smanaliev K.

The article considers a new probation institute, the relevance of which is connected with the policy of humanization of criminal punishment, implemented in the existing criminal, criminal procedure, criminal executive codes of the Kyrgyz Republic. The peculiarity of the institute of probation is disclosed in the conceptual approaches of scientists from near and far abroad and in the creation of a probation service as a structural unit of the Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic. The object of the research is social relations in the field of application of the institute of probation. The subject of research is the processes of introduction of the institute of probation and the mechanisms of its implementation. Methods of research are general scientific methods, such as induction, deduction, hypothesis and special methods (comparative legal, logical, formal legal). According to the author, the institute of probation is of practical importance, since it is a progressive system of influencing a convict without the use of punishment in the form of imprisonment, will lead to the resocialization of the convict, reduce the recidivism of crimes and ultimately reduce the burden of law enforcement and law enforcement.

425-431

Authors: Anikeev I., Shumov P.

The question of the effectiveness of the judicial process in Russia is being considered. Evaluation criteria for determining the effectiveness will be the goals and objectives of the judicial process, i.e. the extent to which the court in Russia responds to the functions assigned to it. In conclusion, it is concluded that the effectiveness of the judicial system cannot be considered separately from the system of state bodies. Criteria of efficiency are the realization of the tasks of quality and fair justice, as well as its conformity in the representation of citizens about the implementation of democratic principles.

438-443

Authors: Eshina K., Shumov P.

The question of the subjective limits of the legal force of judicial acts is one of the most urgent and problematic when insolvency (bankruptcy) is considered by the courts. This is due to the fact that in the insolvency procedure there is a special, extraordinary procedure for satisfying creditor’s claims. Based on the analysis of law enforcement practice, it is necessary to adopt an approach according to which the legal force of a judicial action will apply only to the persons participating in the case. This approach will eliminate the abuses of the parties in connection with a broad interpretation of the rules on the binding nature of judicial acts.

449-454

Authors: Ryspaeva G.

The article discusses measures to ensure criminal justice and the grounds for their application in the light of the new edition of the criminal procedure legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic. According to the author, all coercive measures restrict human rights and freedoms, and they must prove the necessity of taking such measures. must be sanctioned by the court wherein the conditions of competition the prosecution. The object of the study is the system of social relations that emerge in the application of other measures to ensure criminal proceedings in criminal proceedings. The subject of the research is other measures to ensure criminal proceedings in light of the novels of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the legislative novels laid down in the Criminal Procedure Code of the Kyrgyz Republic will require a period of time for familiarization, rethinking and reorientation and the need for advanced training of judicial investigators and prosecutors and the level of professional legal awareness of law enforcement agencies.

459-463

Authors: Shalmanova E., Shumov P.

The article is devoted to the research of the problem of accuracy of judicial formulations as a criterion of a qualitative judicial act. The relevance of the work is not in doubt since the accuracy of the judicial language depends not only on the quality of the judicial act but also the quality of justice in General. In addition, inaccuracies in judicial acts can be a serious obstacle to their implementation. The author reveals the reasons for the inaccuracies in the adopted judicial acts and gives examples of such inaccuracies. The author conducts his research based on the existing judicial practice in various categories of cases (mostly in civil cases). As a result of the study, the author notes the following: 1) with regard to the reasons for the inaccuracies in judicial acts, the author highlights the following: the inability of the judge to understand the legal relations of a problematic nature, violation of legal and linguistic rules of presentation of law enforcement acts, the assumption of technical errors. Each of these reasons is disclosed in detail by the author; 2) inaccuracies made by the court in the issuance of judicial acts undermine the authority of the judiciary; 3) resolving the issue of the possibility of preventing inaccuracies in judicial acts, the author offers several ways to solve this problem.

469-472

Authors: Kakadiy I., Shiripova D.

The article analyzes the views of various scientists on the forms of interaction of authorities and also outlines the basic principles of interaction of authorities in the Russian Federation.

480-489

Authors: Ivanova V., Sulaimanova A.

It presents the research material about the values of 1st-year students migrated from rural regions and those who live in a city. In the modern world, negative trends in the moral orientations of young people make it currently important to comprehensively analyze the formation of students’ valuable and life-meaning orientations in the conditions of rural and urban society. The society offers various values, there are many of them, but the way to them is individual and a person itself chooses them, so as a student does. The student age is the age of searching for one’s place in life, finding its meaning, and the values regulate the direction of the student’s personality, determine the motives and goals of learning. The objective of the research is to experimentally study the values and life-meaningful orientations of these two groups of students. Two methods were used in the research: ‘Life-meaningful orientations’ (LMO) D. A. Leontyeva and ‘Morphological test of life values’ (MTLV) V. F. Sopova and L. V. Karpushinoy. It was revealed that the general level of life-meaningful orientations in both students’ groups is represented by average and high rates. It was shown that the development of urban students’ personality is directly related to the manifestation and development of spiritual and moral potential, while the students from rural areas tend to pragmatic orientation arising on the background of deep socio-economic crisis in a village.

494-498

Authors: Mahkamboev A., Mahkamboev K.

This article presents the results of an investigation into the place of English in the curriculum. Knowledge of a foreign language opens new prospects of mobility and collaboration for professionals in the modern world. Education authorities recognize the increased role that foreign languages, especially English, play in the professional development of future specialists and try to introduce this subject at tertiary level. The role of the international auditor, internal or external, has never been more important. The ability to communicate successfully in English in order to understand, question, explain, discuss, warn, advise and report effectively is crucially important when you are dealing with colleagues, suppliers or clients.

504-510

Authors: Taran V., Karakhanyan A.

This article discusses multimedia technologies in higher education, analyzes the organizational aspects of using multimedia technologies, and presents the advantages of using multimedia technologies in education as compared to traditional education. Some of the most well-known domestic manufacturers of multimedia products and electronic multimedia encyclopedias are listed. The specificity, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using multimedia technologies.

515-519

Authors: Yakubova U., Parpieva N.

The authors base their technologies on rule ‘peer to peer’. There are characteristics of developed technologies, examples of instruments used for conducting classes, description of the relevance of implementation methods in the study of the subject, analysis of conducted work in terms of obtained in progress findings. In conclusion of this article, authors justify the need and importance of the introduction of new teaching technologies in the traditional system of training in mathematics at university.

526-530

Authors: Skrynnik A., Ivanova S.

The problem of improving the professional potential of civil servants is considered. It also emphasizes the need and importance of introducing modern methods of developing the professionalism of public servants by improving various programs and methods for certifying employees, as this will increase the efficiency of their activities. The analysis of publications by foreign and Russian authors is carried out, modern methods for determining the criteria of professionalism are described. In conclusion, it is concluded that there is a demand for professional qualities at the present stage in Russia.

535-540

Authors: Mansurov R.

This article deals with the concept of intertextuality in the titles of Ray Bradbury’s short stories. It reflects the ideas of intertextuality in general, intending to define them through the examples of his short stories. It intends to explain why the author uses title intertextuality while decoding the plot of his short stories and the referred text. Through four stories, “There will come soft rains”, “Some live like Lazarus” “I sing the body Electric” “Perchance to Dream” (also called “Asleep in Armageddon”) we find what role an intertext plays, being used in the title of the work and how it should be seen as an intertextuality as being a reference tool in new texts. That, in turn, helps us to understand the author’s mastery extend who while writing new texts that would refer to other texts in his title. Along the way, we will witness the value of science-fiction and its usage in his works.

544-555

Authors: Ruzmatzoda K.

The paper presents a brief biography of Hojanazar Huvaydo, as well as information about the Sufi (mystical) views. The sources of the moral formation of a person and society are revealed, facts and references to literary sources are given. Comparative analysis allows us to single out periods when Sufi ideas began to lose their influence at the height of oppression, injustice and loss as a result of this among people of mutual love, universal values, honour and dignity. In conclusion, it is concluded that at the present time, the ideas of Huvaydo became the most relevant for society.

13-18

Authors: Abdullin A.

The accuracy of the P1-approximation of the spherical harmonic’s method and the S2-approximation of the discrete ordinate method for calculating heat transfer by radiation are analyzed. The cases of anisotropically scattering homogeneous medium and a homogeneous absorbing medium are considered. The calculation results are compared with the exact solution, the P3-approximation and the zonal method. It is shown that the accuracy of the S2-approximation is higher compared to the P1-approximation at small and intermediate values of the optical thickness of the medium.

25-30

Authors: Prishnivskaya Ya., Nassonova E., Vasileva Yu., Boronnikova S.

10 pairs of primers from 8 related Pinus sylvestris L. populations collected on East-European plain to 10 genes and 4 primer’s pairs to 4 loci of uncoding clDNA regions. 2 loci of uncoding clDNA regions (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) were selected from tested 14 primer’s pairs. These two loci are most polymorphic and has homologous consistencies in data bases. Therefore, these loci is recommended for molecular–genetic identification of related Pinus sylvestris L. populations on East–European plain.

38-45

Authors: Abramova S., Simfukwe K., Gladkova O., Grachev D., Iseev D.

This review focuses on ovarian lesions. Ovarian tumors occupy the 3rd place among all tumors of the female genital organs, and 7th in the overall structure of malignant tumors, so the problem of timely diagnosis and treatment of ovarian lesions remains relevant. The share of benign ovarian tumors accounts for 70–80%. Among benign ovarian lesions, epithelial lesions are most common — tatami up to 16% and cystadenoma up to 22.8%. Histogenesis of ovarian formations is not fully understood, which explains the contradictions in the origin of a particular tumor. For the first time, features of the mechanisms of neoplasm formation have been described by A. Knudson et al., his team was one of the first to develop and publish the theory of ‘double strike’, interpreting the mechanisms for implementing sporadic and hereditary forms of neoplasms. Ovarian cancer — both on the part of the etiology and the clinical picture of a heterogeneous genetically determined pathology. The basis of the emergence of this group of tumors is the mutation of the genetic apparatus of the cell. Yes, indeed, the diagnostic search for ovarian masses is difficult, and there is a perception that it may also be delayed due to an asymptomatic or asymptomatic course of the disease. The complex of diagnostic measures for ovarian formations should include interviewing patients with anamnesis data collection, clinical and special examination. Thus, in modern conditions, the diagnostic algorithm for searching ovarian formations requires an integrated approach to identify ovarian formations at early stages of development, as well as to conduct differential diagnostics with subsequent determination of the morphological structure of the tumor.

51-56

Authors: Arstanbekova M., Aidarov Z., Mamatov S., Toktogulova N.

The article presents data on the activities of the Bishkek Social Stationary Institution of a general type for the elderly and people with disabilities. There are 201 people in this Institution, among them a number of men — 107, a number of women — 94 , the average age of the wards is 75 years old. The national composition: prevails Russian — 98 people, Kyrgyz — 62 people, Ukrainians — 15 people, other places are represented by other nations. Among the diseases of the wards, the first place is occupied by cardiovascular diseases (138 people), in second place — neurological diseases (99 people) and third place in the gastrointestinal tract (75 people). In order to provide high-quality medical care to the clients, the improvement of the existing medical service system is required.

73-77

Authors: Abramova S., Gladkova O., Zaidulina L., Syatkina I., Surgaeva E.

His article discusses the problems of diagnosis of diffuse hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women in the menopausal transition. Endometrial hyperplasia is a heterogeneous set of pathological processes, ranging from benign proliferation to monoclonal tissue proliferation. During the study, the most optimal criteria for the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in women during the transition to menopause based on the use of a modern diagnostic complex (immunohistochemical and endoscopic technologies) were selected and formed. The endometrium is a hormone-sensitive, cyclically renewed tissue that reacts to the slightest changes in the hormonal status. In this connection, an attempt was made to analyze the prospects and feasibility of using immunohistochemical technologies in gynaecological practice. The authors found that the study and analysis of the hormone — receptor status in individuals with endometrial hyperplasia in gynaecological practice, consists of two points, first, the hormone-receptor status in endometrial hyperplasia is individual, and the degree of expression of highly productive or low-productive receptor complexes speaks the mechanism of development of receptor desynchronosis, and secondly, the hormone-receptor status determines the sensitivity of endometrial hyperplasia to hormonal therapy.

83-88

Authors: Nurpolatova S., Jaibergenova J., Karimov G.

The analysis of the incidence rate associated with disorders in the gastrointestinal tract among the population of the Republic of Karakalpakstan for the period 2016–2017 is presented. Patients who received treatment in the Department of Gastroenterology of the Khalmuratov Republican Multidisciplinary Medical Center. Studies have shown an increase in the number of patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, chronic cholecystitis, chronic pancreatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver. In order to prevent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is necessary to carry out measures for early diagnosis using the latest technologies and treatment of diseases at the initial development stage.

96-104

Authors: Suerkulov E., Yuldashev I., Mamyraliev A., Zhumashova N. Yuldasheva G.

The article presents the results of the parameters of the lipid peroxidation system and antioxidant protection against the background of complex therapy in children with oral mucosa inflammatory diseases using Laser irradiation of blood and Lizak. Studies have shown that the treatment leads to a decrease in the toxic action of peroxide radicals.

112-120

Authors: Chaulin A., Karslyan L., Aleksandrov A., Mazaev A., Grigorieva E., Nurbaltaeva D.

Elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Statins are the most widely used therapy for patients with hyperlipidemia. However, a significant residual cardiovascular risk remains in some patients even after maximally tolerated statin therapy. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a new promising therapeutic target for decreasing LDL-C. PCSK9 reduces LDL intake from circulation by enhancing low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) degradation and preventing LDLR recirculation to the cell surface. In addition to examining the functional role of PCSK9, this review also discusses new drugs for the treatment of hyperlipidemia — PCSK9 inhibitors.

128-135

Authors: Chiriapkin A., Glushko A., Chiriapkin V., Gendugov T.

Computer simulation is a rapidly developing method of scientific researches. Currently, computational experiments are being conducted in various fields of human activity, including medical and pharmaceutical. This article discusses the latest achievements and scientific approaches of computer modelling of the cell wall, as well as three-dimensional reliable cell system that will help scientists to study cell processes. In particular, by developing such a computer model, scientists will be able to study the mechanisms of developing diseases and the action of drugs.

145-152

Authors: Gasimzade T.

On the basis of the quality of soil score of the Shirvan massif of Azerbaijan, it has become possible to conduct an agro-industrial assessment, calculate the weighted average of the soil, the coefficient of comparative dignity of the soil and the division of plots into qualitative groups. The group of high-quality soils in Mountain Shirvan includes mountain meadow chernozem, mountain meadow-brown cultivated, mountain brown meadow irrigated, etc., and in flat Shirvan there are meadow–sierozem dark long-irrigated, meadow–sierozem dark irrigated and other soils. The average calculated score of these soils in the territory is 91 and 94.