Bulletin of Science and Practice

17-25

Authors: Khramchankova V.

The content of photosynthetic pigments in 30-day-old shoots of Scots pine grown under the influence of acetone extracts from lichens Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri, Ramalina pollinaria, Xanthoria parietina and Cladonia arbuscula was studied. Extracts were on the surface of the substrate of seed germination and under it. With direct contact of sprouts of Pinus sylvestris with extracts from Hypogymnia physodes, Ramalina pollinaria, Xanthoria parietina and Cladonia arbuscula, an increase in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, a change in the ratios of chlorophyll a: chlorophyll b and chlorophyll: carotenoids. Extracts from Evernia prunastri did not affect the photosynthetic pigments production and the relationship between them. With the indirect contact of seedlings with extracts from lichens, Hypogymnia physodes, Ramalina pollinaria, Xanthoria parietina and Cladonia arbuscula noted a sharp increase in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, a change in the relationship between them. Extracts from Evernia prunastri inhibited the chlorophylls synthesis, enhanced the carotenoids production, did not affect the relationship between pigments.

34-47

Authors: Rogozin M.

The study of individual areas of tree nutrition is analyzed. The methods were compared: measurement of distances between trees, polygons of growth by simple division of distances between neighbors, polygons with division of distances between neighbors in proportion to their diameters, circular tests and “social groups” with the ratio of the sum of the diameters of the Krones of neighbors to the diameter of the crown of the central tree. Considered the major works in which these methods used or applied recommendations for the care of the forest on their basis. Logical analysis showed that if the assumption was made that the larger the size of the trees, the greater the area of feeding that came to them, then three mutually dependent variables were used: the tree increment (1); diameter of the tree or crown size (2); the tree nutritional area, determined from the distances from neighbors, is proportional to their size (3). Since the first and third quantities depend on the second, the first quantity will depend on the third. Therefore, an independent variable to calculate the area of power will be its value, determined by the polygons with a simple division of distances between neighbours. Another independent variable is the average distance to the nearest neighbour’s. All other methods operate with dependent variables. They are incorrect for modelling and calculating the strength of the influence of tree feeding areas on their size and growth.

71-76

Authors: Bibulatova Kh., Pogonysheva I.

One of the factors that determine the stress resistance of a person is the type of functional interhemispheric asymmetry of the brain. A study was conducted to determine the level of stress resistance of boys and girls with different lateral phenotypes. 24 students and 51 students of the Faculty of Ecology and Engineering of Nizhnevartovsk State University took part in psychophysiological testing. In the sample of students with the dominant function of the left hemisphere, the subjects were more likely to meet with a high level of stress resistance. Students with a predominance of activity in the left hemisphere were less exposed to stress than their peers with dominant activity in the right hemisphere.

83-91

Authors: Pavlyuchik E., Kapsamun A., Ivanova N., Tyulin V., Silina O.

At present, cultivation of new species and varieties of perennial herbaceous plants in the mixed cropping is important in the field forage production. The article presents the main results of a number of field experiments conducted in different years on the agroecological training ground of the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands. It is revealed that the use of modern species and varieties of perennial herbaceous plants with high adaptive properties in herbaceous plant mixtures promotes an increase in the dry mass yield from a unit area to 10.0 t/ha dry weight, due to the wider use of bioclimatic conditions of the cultivation zone. The most highly productive herbaceous plant mixtures of haymaking use are determined, species compositions of fodder mixtures are shown, which have stable productivity by years of use and sustainable adaptability to growing conditions. The indicators of heat and moisture supply during the research on drained lands of the Non-Chernozem zone are given. Observations showed that early–maturing clovers begin to grow from the middle of April and are actively growing due to the use of spring moisture reserves in the root layer of the soil, blooming in the second half of June, which allows them to form two cuttings per season. The compound feeds were characterized by high productivity at the first mowing in the phase of the beginning of budding, which during the years of research was in the range of 4.0–6.7 t/ha dry weight, with secondary mowing the productivity is lower — 1.4–4.6 t/ha. It is recommended to use two bean components in the legume-grass herbaceous plant mixtures — a Red clover and more long-term culture — Medicago × varia, which increases the duration of use of mixtures to five and more years with stable performance. In experiment 2, three–component agrocenoses, on an average over five years of use, formed the mixture performance with two cuttings clovers 6.6–8.2 t/ha, with one cuttings clovers — 4.3–5.4 t/ha dry weight. The yield of the dry weight of binary herbaceous plant mixtures of experiment 1 averaged over three years of use of mixtures with two cuttings — 4.7–6.5 t/ha, with one cutting — 4.1–5.1 t/ha.

120-152

Authors: Kuzina L.

To describe the biotransformation of copper and zinc in the soil, the directions of study of accumulation and transformation in soils of copper and zinc in science are distinguished. These are studies of man-caused contaminated areas that have developed under the influence of the anthropogenic factor — due to their proximity to industrial enterprises, location near cities; studies with the artificial creation of a model of acculturation or man-made pollution through the introduction of the element into the soil, through the introduction of multicomponent fertilizer compositions in microfilm and field experiments. The analysis of Russian and foreign scientific publications over the past 20 years has been done on the elibrary.ru portal, in the electronic catalog of the Russian State Library, among the dissertations on earth sciences, foreign electronic resources: Consortium of University Scientific Publishers Europe, Google Academy, Web of Science, Scopus, ERIH PLUS, “Nature” registered. Studies of changes in bioavailability and the fractional composition of zinc and copper in a soil are analyzed, and the effect of these processes on organic and mineral fertilizer systems is less influenced by the long-term application.

160-165

Authors: Isaev S., Jumanov A.

The article presents information on the water supply of vineyards in mountain and Piedmont regions, methods of water conservation, including irrigation (rainwater), soil fertility, surveys and collection of local wastewater in critical water shortages in vineyards. Each of them is briefly described and conclusions are drawn. It also examines the work done using the aforementioned local methods for collecting wastewater, as well as recommendations on the irrigation of vineyards in the foothills.

172-178

Authors: Afandi F.

The present study aims to investigate the responses of microbial communities to sewage discharges in coastal ecosystems of the Caspian Sea, Absheron peninsula and the Red Sea near Jeddah Saudi Arabia. The article describes the general physical–geographical locations, climatic conditions, the degree of the salts of the waters of the seas, the presence of heavy metals, their concentration, the degree of exposure to anthropogenic impact. The species and quantitative composition of microorganisms in the water of the seas were studied, a comparative analysis of data obtained, problems and ways of their solution were carried out.

184-188

Authors: Didenko N., Didenko I., Storchak T.

The oil and gas industry faces various technological difficulties: problems connected with hard-to-extract oil and gas deposits. Digitalization will solve many issues. The oil and gas industry is a key sector in its economy Russia and the increase in productivity of oil and gas deposits by means of using digital technology will increase the competitiveness in the global economy. This article describes the advantages of using digital technologies. The paper presents an analysis of data that allows us to draw conclusions on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles "drones" in a survey of hard-to-reach habitats. Lake Imtor is a specially protected area. Such monitoring technology of the surveyed territory allows to store data, and also to supplement this data as new information becomes available. The user of the card quickly receives the necessary information, has the ability to quickly process it and make the most accurate analysis. The study of this territory will allow to predict and avoid the adverse consequences caused by the impact of the oil and gas complex on identical territories in physical and geographical conditions. Creation of an information-analytical map with a database with the help of GIS allows identifying factors influencing the ecological and hydrological state of the sacred lake Imlor.

198-202

Authors: Tashpolotov Y., Abdyraeva N.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the topology of cellular communication networks using new methods of fractal geometry. In this paper is given the numerical modelling of the fractal dimension of the base stations of the Kurmanzhan–Datka micro-district of city Osh. It is shown that for effective analysis of cellular network properties used GIS system. The fractal dimension of the service area of the base stations of the above–mentioned district of Osh is investigated and determined.

210-215

Authors: Bekkulov B., Karimov A., Kosimov U.

The method of calculating the main parameters and the kinematic calculation of the developed device for driving the drying drum for drying the grain is proposed. Calculations were performed in which the power of the electric motor, the length of the drying drum and other parameters were taken into account. All this allowed increasing the efficiency of the drying apparatus. Similar calculations can be used for other drying devices with other parameters.

222-226

Authors: Rodionov A.

The article presents the results of the substantiation of the methodological basis of emission and placement of bonds by corporate business entities. The comparative analysis of open and closed types of bonds placement by business structures is carried out. The procedure of issue and placement of the company’s bonds is described graphically. The sequence of actions of the emission at each stage is substantiated in detail.

233-238

Authors: Shvaiba D.

Definition of socio-economic security of the industrial sector, presented by us, allowed us to qualify the outline and basis of the system structure (methodological, methodological, operational), the method of decomposition of the elemental composition. The goals of the system formation depend on the more significant and large-scale tasks of the social and economic security of the industrial sector, which determines the purpose of the system. At the same time, the difficulties of socio-economic security are formulated from 2 positions. To begin with, from the point of view of the defence of state socio-economic interests and the industrial sector as a carrier of these interests. In-2, based on the need to maintain the performance of the industrial sector at a non-hazardous level. In coordination with the acquired results, we developed the structural and logical scheme of forming of the system of ensuring the social and economic safety of industrial sector.

247-253

Authors: Farmanov T., Yusupova F.

The article presents an analysis of the current state of water consumer associations in Uzbekistan and identified the main problems hindering their further development. The legal and economic measures for further improvement of the activities of water consumer associations are proposed.

264-269

Authors: Rakhmatullaev M.

The increase of economic efficiency of entrepreneurial activity in the sphere of production of poultry farming on the basis of introduction of innovative technologies is considered, the methodology of management of the innovative development of a poultry farm adapted to branch features is developed. The proposed model for the organization of innovation activity provides for systematic monitoring of the R & D industry market, the implementation of a preliminary assessment of innovation in terms of its scientific and technical viability, efficiency and feasibility, the formation of a database of sectoral innovations, the coordination of the analyzed innovation project with the enterprise strategy and its inclusion in the innovative program of the poultry farm. Proposals on improving the organizational structure of poultry enterprises are presented.

298-322

Authors: Glushchenko V., Glushchenko I.

The article deals with the methodology and organizational culture of lean education at the University, the object of the article is dedicated to the quality of higher education in the knowledge economy, the purpose of this article is to establish methodological and cultural foundations for increasing the quality of higher education through the development and practical application of a philosophical and cultural concept of lean to higher education, to achieve this goal the following tasks are solved: the place of higher education in the structure of the knowledge economy and lean higher education as a tool to ensure the sustainability of the knowledge economy is defined and discussed, the impact of the theory of thrift on the philosophy and culture of improving the quality of education is studied; the possibility of applying the science of thrift production to solving problems of improving the quality of education is studied; the model (paradigm) of improving the quality of education based on the theory of thrift; examines the principles and sources of lean improve quality of education in universities, synthesized the principles of lean education in higher education, development and practical implementation of lean education institutions recommended in order of their initiative to develop taking into account the specifics of the University and make the situation lean educational activities of each institution of higher education.

329-335

Authors: Karaskova V.

The paper substantiates the effectiveness of building cluster systems in the regional economy, shows foreign experience and the features of their formation in Russia. Clustering the economy is a natural process of modern economic systems in many countries. The efficiency of the cluster system is achieved due to the synergistic effect of all the elements included in it. The article shows the main differences between clusters from vertically integrated systems and the standard cluster model is characterized. Factors that allow the regional economy to achieve high competitiveness are also presented.

342-351

Authors: Raimbekov Zh., Syzdykbayeva B., Azatbek T.

This article examines the main theories of economic growth poles and development. Their outlines are disclosed, positive aspects are singled out for practical use. Use of the theory of the axis of development to create economic corridors within the economic belt of the Silk Road is economically justified. A case has been made for the possibility of using economic corridors (axes) for economic development of the regions located along the Silk Road Economic Belt based on the cluster approach for the whole span of the economic belt.

357-360

Authors: Kochadze T., Sharabidze I., Gudadze A.

Phytosanitary border–quarantine inspection is a type of non-tariff regulation that is used for importing or exporting goods on the territory of Georgia, to carry out other supervising or inspection procedures on them in accordance with the procedures provided for by law. Goods of phytosanitary origin in the country’s customs checkpoint are subject to the following procedures: the arrival of the goods at the phytosanitary inspection terminal, the arrival of vehicle, implementation of phytosanitary inspection (documentary inspection and stamping), issuing a new complete certificate, software processing of all documents by the logistics officer and their delivery to the information zone, where the documents will be handed over to the owner/customs declarator upon request. All of these customs procedures take some time. Reforms were undertaken in recent years, which were implemented with a view to facilitating the customs clearance, have significantly reduced time spent on customs procedures.

366-373

Authors: Manushina А., Ivanitskaya E., Kotivets P.

This article highlights the importance of the World Trade Organization in the field of international economic relations. Economic advantages and disadvantages of membership of the Russian Federation in this organization have been revealed. Changes in the weighted average import customs duty rates on the groups of goods of the Commodity Nomenclature of foreign economic of the Eurasian Economic Union after Russia's accession to the WTO is analyzed, and the impact of these changes on the economy of the country is shown. In conclusion, it is concluded that with the growth of foreign economic activity in the world, the importance of the WTO has increased. International trade relations began to develop more dynamically in Russia. However, only the first two years of the country's stay in the organization were positive. Changes in the sphere of customs and tariff regulation after Russia's accession to the WTO affect the economy of the country ambiguously.

379-387

Authors: Metyokubov A.

The paper studies the main priorities for attracting and improving investment activities in the conditions of diversification of production of the construction materials industry and increasing of its export potential. To attract and use investments effectively, a certain investment climate is needed. Uzbekistan is characterized by a significant increase in recent years in attracting foreign investment and a steady increase in production volumes. Further developments in investment activities ensure a stable development of the construction materials industry; deepen cooperation and integration activities, competitiveness and diversification of products in the sector.

399-404

Authors: Gayibnazarov B., Salaev S.

The structure of incomes of the population and households in Uzbekistan is considered. Differences in the data provided by domestic statistics and real incomes of the population are revealed. In the process of analyzing the income structure of the population, the main reasons for this were identified and the current situation in determining the monetary income of the population was assessed. Among the contradictions caused by differences in the volumes of statistical income indicators similar in their initial economic content, differences in estimates of the level of poverty acquire special significance. It is concluded that the peculiarity of statistical publications of recent times has become the limitation of information on the results of budgetary surveys. A significant part of the value of the product of the “hidden” economy is outside the statistically determined volume of the country’s GDP.

412-419

Authors: Melnikova I.

In the article, the concept of client orientation is considered the key competence of personnel in the banking sector. The content of the professional standards of specialists is analyzed. The presence of the elements of competence “customer orientation” in the content of labour functions of the personnel of the banking sector was studied. As a research method, a qualitative content analysis. It is noted that in all studied documents there is no such element of competence as monitoring of customer satisfaction. In the qualification requirements given in the job descriptions, the competence “customer orientation” is only fragmented and is reduced mainly to the elements of current maintenance.

428-436

Authors: Saponenko A., Petrova V.

The article is devoted to the possibilities of integrating e-commerce into the concept of “Lean region” in the territory of the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra. The article discusses the main aspects of “Lean region” concept, the history of the emergence of the concepts of “Lean region” and “Lean production”. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the concept of the “Lean region” does not affect such an important area of activity as trade. One of the modern and convenient ways to reduce costs in trade is e-commerce. It is assumed that the introduction of e-commerce will make it possible to use the electronic resources of the region as efficiently as possible to reduce costs in the sphere of trade. The results of the conducted analysis of the involvement of the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra in the sphere of electronic commerce, clearly demonstrate the high degree of computerization of the region. Negative shifts in the main indicators of e-commerce in the region and the presence of large federal and international retail platforms on the market of the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug raise doubts about the feasibility of fully implementing e-commerce in the “Lean region” concept on the territory of the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra. One of the possible ways to use the available resources of the region for e-commerce is to focus on the introduction of cost reduction provisions using e-commerce only in the B2B segment, with the possibility of further expansion to a comprehensive implementation of the situation in the field of e-commerce. The proposals introduced into the concept of “Lean region” allow, if necessary, to flexibly reorient and supplement the main provisions for the introduction of e-commerce as a way to reduce costs.

445-450

Authors: Karaseva A.

In modern conditions, the economic activity of legal entities is not limited to the limits of one state, and the number of such legal entities is increasing all the time. International organizations, as subjects of private international law, are subject to certain legal norms in their activities. The article deals with the peculiarities of international organization’s participation in civil and economic relations. The specific aspects of international legal entities are studied. The analysis of different approaches to the legal regulation of private law relations with the participation of international non-governmental organizations. It is argued that the participation of international intergovernmental organizations in private law relations is regulated by a complex set of regulations of both international and domestic origin.

455-459

Authors: Saifutdinov R., Vorobieva V.

The article is devoted to the analysis Federal law of June 4, 2018, no. 123 “Ombudsman for consumer rights of financial services” and also considered the position of the financial ombudsman in the Russian Federation. The analysis highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of the position of financial ombudsman.

465-472

Authors: Shevyreva E.

The article presents the results of the study of the structure of emotional–volitional decline in the social intelligence of schizophrenic patients in the practice of a clinical psychologist. This infringement is a real request to clarify the degree of reduction of general mental activity when establishing a disability group in the context of medical and social expertise, simplifies the procedure for experimental examination of patients with an obvious clinical picture of the disease, when a minimum of diagnostic techniques is required, but the possibility of predicting future social activity.

483-490

Authors: Pityukov V., Gogol A.

The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the innovative pedagogical technologies — coaching and its impact on the formation of student’s skills of self-directed learning in the process of their professional formation. In the process of its implementation coaching is characterized by the realization of the teacher’s professional and personal reflection, affecting the development of student’s reflection, by the establishment of partnership relations between the teacher and his students, contributing to the establishment of a stimulating environment for the student’s creative activity, where the manifestation of the possession on the part of the teacher of emotional competencies also plays an important role. The use of coaching contributes to the development of student’s skills of self-directed learning, where students take the initiative to diagnose their learning needs, to formulate their learning goals, to identify resources for learning, to select and to implement learning strategies, and to evaluate its results. This organization of the pedagogical process contributes to the manifestation of student’s social maturity, willingness and ability to accomplish effectively their professional activities and to the development of such important qualities as professional independence and professional mobility.

497-502

Authors: Sotnikov B., Sologubova T., Kondrateva E.

The dependence between progress in studies students of the school of medicine and their psychoemotional state was investigated in this exploration. The psychoemotional trends in medical student’s population were explored too. There is not found it is not any dependence between progress in studies students of the school of medicine and their psychoemotional state as it was established. Also, we found a negative influence of studying at the faculty of medicine in the psycho-emotional state of students.

506-510

Authors: Zhelanova A.

The concept of accentuation of character as well as a feature of the character and its manifestation at children of younger school age is considered in this article. The author pays attention to a problem of influence of character accentuation at younger school age. Conclusions on this subject are also given.

516-527

Authors: Protasova O.

The article examines the attitude to radical means of political struggle, in particular, to terror, Russian party of the early twentieth century, referring to the populist direction of socialism — the socialist–revolutionaries (SRS) and people’s socialists (Anosov). The similarities and differences of views of the most prominent representatives of these parties on the need to use extreme methods of struggle, as well as the evolution of their attitude to terror due to changes in the political situation in Russia are shown. Main research methods: analysis, synthesis, biographical method, analogy, comparison.

535-538

Authors: Batyaev G., Martyn I., Melikhov Ya.

The beginning of the 21st century is opened not only to new inventions, codes, economic laws, decent medicine, but also new kinds of sports development and the old ones develop or die. And if earlier, not all people were engaged in sports, because of lack of interest or any contraindications to health, now everyone can find his own shelter. The work presents data on several types of unusual sports, which are increasingly common and are a reflection of the culture of peoples and modernity.

545-548

Authors: Ahmadova Kh.

The article deals with the actual problems in the sphere of foreign language teaching. The best methods of mastering the foreign language have been worked out and proposed to instructors by methodologists and scientists. The special attention must be paid to the fact that the foreign language teacher and the students don’t master a common language. The classroom environment requires a properly equipped technology, experienced and qualified teacher skills, as well as the justified methodology of outstanding scientists. The oral approach method is applied successfully, the two groups are compared with the results and negative, positive interferences of the native language in the learning process of the foreign languages are manifested.

555-558

Authors: Chuponov O.

The urgency of the given article is caused by that it is devoted to one of the important problems of the history of Russian linguistics — to research of morphological features of monuments of Russian business writing, in particular, grammatical functions of a particle же (ж) on an example of the business documents created as a result of diplomatic communications of Russian state with the countries of the East. For the analysis, the texts of Ambassadorial books of the 17th century on communications of Russia with Khiva and Bukhara were involved. It is underlined, that the particle же (ж) was used in the texts of ambassadorial books with nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, adverbs, verbs and verbal forms as a universal category, the adverbial modifiers which caused its wide common use were analyzed.