Bulletin of Science and Practice

10–14

Authors: Sukhotin A., Zvyagin M.

Here we consider the theory of prime numbers at a new methodology. The theory of prime numbers is one of the most ancient mathematical branches. We found an estimate of the all prime numbers sum using the notions of infinite lager numbers and infinitely small numbers, farther we estimated the value of the maximal prime number. We proved that Hardy–Littlewood Hypothesis has the positive decision too. The infinite small numbers define a new methodology of the well–known function o(x) application. We use the sets of the theory of prime numbers and infinitely small numbers with a linear function h(x)=κx to formulate the alternative extension of the real numbers set.

22–28

Authors: Orlov V. Khmara P.

This paper considers one class of nonlinear differential equations in the General case, unsolvable in closed form, requiring the solution of the problem of finding an analytical approximate solution in the neighborhood of a movable singular point. This problem is successfully solved based on the new approach, the majorant method in the proof of a theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution. Accounting a posteriori error estimate allows to improve the a priori error estimate for the approximate analytical solution and optimize the structure of the approximate solution.

35–41

Authors: Sat Ch., Kungaa Ch.

The described technology of production of the Tuvan national dairy drink “Khoytpak” on the basis of which the patent. Carried out organoleptic, physical and chemical and microbiological studies of fermented national drink “Khoytpak”, produced on an industrial scale in dairy.

47–55

Authors: Filatova A.

The most appropriate parameters of the reaction of hydrogenolysis of cellulose: the temperature of 205 °C, a partial hydrogen pressure of 60 bar, reaction time 60 min, the ratio Ru/cellulose (mmol Ru in the composition of the composite per 1 g of cellulose) 0.042/1, the percentage content of ruthenium in the composite is 3% (mass.). Under these conditions, the conversion of cellulose amounted to 64.0%, the selectivity to sorbitol 43.5%. In addition, were synthesized Ru–containing catalysts. The obtained catalysts were investigated using a wide range of physical and chemical research. In addition, a scheme of the reaction of hydrogenolysis of cellulose in subcritical water using a Ru–containing catalysts. As well as were chosen the mathematical model of this process most adequately describing it. On the basis of the selected model were calculated the rate constants for this reaction.

64–72

Authors: Yudin V.

Modern methods of reproduction empower breeding and reproducing of cattle, both in terms of improving the efficiency of breeding work, and increase the reproduction of dairy herds product–efficiency. Among the various methods of special interest transplant embryos, since in modern dairy cattle crucial for the growth efficiency of cows due to genetic factors is the quality used in the cis–artificially inseminated bulls, along with which the trans–plantation embryos open the possibility to increase and Distribution as a geno–type bull–producer, and high yielding cows–record. The studies were conducted in the leading breeding plants of the Udmurt Republic. The material for the research served as production reports, data zootechnical and breeding records, cards breeding farms, livestock reports on the results of breeding work with cattle milk productivity direction (form no. 7 MOL), the database of information–analytical system “Seleks dairy cattle”. The research results revealed that the highest number of highly productive cows, which can be considered as potential donor cows in a herd is concentrated Michurin SKHPK — 14 heads, which is the average productivity for a yield of milk 10667 kg mass fraction of the fat and 3,81% protein and 3,19% respectively. In general, the productivity cows–record groups yield of milk differs slightly. It is worth noting that cows–record SEC “Udmurtia” herd differ protein highest — 3,23%. The highest fat content of cows in a herd breeding plant JSC “Uchkhoz The July IzhGSKHA” — 4,05%.

82–91

Authors: Kasimovа L., Kravets A.

To develop the composition of the mixture of 6 trace elements in a dose of 10−4–10−7% with high biological activity used the method of biotesting of water solutions of minerals and mixtures of minerals. A high biological activity of aqueous solutions of salts of trace elements in low concentrations equivalent to their content in the soil: Cu, B, Mn — 0.13–0.20 mg/l; Со, Мо — 0.022–0.024 mg/l; Zn — 0.0011 mg/l. For each element the concentration in % order to maximize biological activity: Mn — 2.010−5, Cu — 1.310−5; Co — 2.110−6; Mo — 2.410−6; Zn 1.110−7; B — 1.7510−5. Indicators of biological activity were achieved in the growth of the vegetative mass 2–40%, the mass of roots — 44–101% to the control variant. Developed by aqueous solutions of mixtures of 6 trace elements, taken in a concentration of maximum biological activity. Determined the compositions of water solutions of the 6 trace elements that do not have a toxic effect when used together. The increase in weight of roots of wheat seedlings of the selected composition containing in %: Zn — 1010−7, Mo — 1.1710−6, B — 1.8610−4, Mn — 8.7510−5, Сu — 1.1510−5, Co — 0.5510−5. In the growth of the vegetative mass of wheat seedlings of the selected composition containing in %: Zn — 1010−7, Mo — 9.1710−6, B — 1,8610−4, Mn — 1.2510−5, Cu — 1.1510−5, Co — 1.4510−5. In vegetative experience proved high biological activity of the designed composition of the mixture of trace elements in low concentrations in the cultivation of wheat.

97–101

Authors: Vlasevskiy D., Vlasevskaya E.

The results of studies to allocate numbers in the breeding nursery of ecological tests for the period 2014–2015. Rooms are allocated in the process of selection of by the complex of biological and economically valuable traits in corresponding to the conditions of the Udmurt Republic. As part of hybrid combinations (one tuber) were subjected to a joint research activities treaties selection derived leading breeding center: Look All–Russian Scientific Research Institute of Potato Economy.; Fallen breeding station; Ural Agricultural Research Institute. Of breeding nursery laid the in an experimental rotation Udmurt Agricultural Research Institute at the sod–medium loam soil. Predecessors — spring cereals. The major and replant tillage were carried out by modified in Udmurt Agricultural Research Institute in wide–tape of ridge potato cultivation technology. All studies and samplings are made in accordance with techniques. According to the results investigations in 2014–2015 nursery environmental tests allocated: in the group of early ripening one VNIIKH breeding room with a productivity — 26.6 t/ha, to resistance to late blight on the a tops of vegetable 9 points, the defeat of fungal and bacterial diseases of tubers 0.6%: in the group of middle–early period of ripening two numbers Fallen Breeding Station, two numbers breeding of the Ural Agricultural Research Institute, one — All–Russian Scientific Research Institute of Potato Economy with productivity in the range 35,6–41,2 t/ha, with resistance to late blight on the tops of 8–9, tubers and fungal defeat bacterial diseases, does not exceed 2.0%; in the group of middle–period of ripening better results revealed a number VNIIKH selection has generated an average of two years, the yield of 42.1 t/ha is highly resistant to late blight on the tops and medium stable with tubers, moderately resistant to fungal and bacterial diseases.

109–114

Authors: Zhirnykh S.

Due to the unstable overwintering from year to year, the winter wheat in the Udmurt Republic is a risky crop. One of the decisive factors in its safe overwintering is the optimal term of sowing. Due to the general climate warming in the region, the increase the period of the autumn growing season of plants the adjustment terms of its sowing is actual. Entering of mineral fertilizers can increase the overwintering and yield of winter wheat. It is necessary to study the effect of different terms of their entering on these parameters. Field studies were carried out in the Udmurt Agricultural Research Institute in 2013 and 2014. The objects of research were winter wheat varieties: Moskovskaya 39 (control) Italmas, Mera; terms of sowing: August 23–25 (control), August 28–30, September 3–5, September 8–10; term of application mineral fertilizers: N15P15K15 (autumn) — control, N15P15K15 (autumn) + N30P30K30 (spring). The best overwintering noted at the variety Mera, an average for two years of studies it was 64%. This provided the highest yield — 3.13 t/ha, which was significantly (by 0.64 t/ha) higher than at variety Moskovskaya 39 (2.49 t/ha). The yield of variety Italmas (2.66 t/ha) was at the control level. When sowing in the first and second term, overwintering of studied varieties ranged 66–71%, the yield of winter wheat on average in this terms was — 3.37 and 3.33 t/ha. The delay with the sowing (the third and fourth term) reduces overwintering by 8 and 21%, crop yield — by 0.44 and 1.96 t/ha. The application of mineral fertilizers in dose N30P30K30 (“azofoska”) after the snow, by spreading way had no effect on the yield of winter wheat, it amounted to 2.79 t/ha, which is the level of control.

124–129

Authors: Kocharyan G.

The author’s concepts dealing with clinical sexology are described: 1. Symptom–formation, according to which we should isolate primary symptoms, those of development and derivative ones, as well as principal and derivative symptoms, thereby making it possible to reveal target symptoms and work out a program of adequate symptomatic therapy. 2. The concept of erogenous sensory systems (ESS), within whose framework we should accept existence of the visual, auditory, olfactory, vomeronasal, tactile and intracerebral ESS, as well as intrasystemic and intersystemic cooperation. Also, paradigms of therapeutic maintenance for patients with sexual dysfunctions are characterized: 1. Erection–centric, according to which medical aid is based on the approach aimed at normalization of erection with a resultant ability to accomplish coitus. 2. Orgasm–centric, according to which orgasm is the main index of qualitative coitus. 3. Pleasure–centric, suggested by the author. On the basis of his experience in giving aid to patients with sexual dysfunctions the author has drawn a conclusion that it is this paradigm that most completely satisfies demands for the above help; in compliance with it the main thing during intimacy consists in pleasure, which should be sought, while complete erection and orgasm are achieved not always. The pleasure–centric approach during psychotherapeutic maintenance of patients with sexual dysfunctions is the most humanistic one and has a strong psycho protective potential. But the work in this approach by no means excludes measures for normalization of sexual functions (including erection and orgasm) in those cases when it is possible.

134–138

Authors: Demidenko G., Ivanova N., Sulman M.

This paper presents the problem of development and deployment of the standards urged to govern the relations arising from production and circulation of the specialized foodstuff intended for infant food in the territory of the Russian Federation and the Customs union.

152–155

Authors: Kulakov K.

This article contains the detailed analysis of the modern position systems used for dynamic positioning basing on their expediency perspective. The accuracy issue related to determining vessel’s positions using dynamic positioning has been contemplated. The analysis included not only advantages but disadvantages of each determining position system as well summarizing the results for further consideration and possible application purposes. The accuracy of ship’s positioning using the dynamic positioning method is the key issue that affects safety and reliability within the offshore industry.

162–164

Authors: Tyulenev M., Burtzeva M., Mednikova E.

Sandwich panel — self–supporting structure consisting of metal cladding and thermal insulation core. As a heat–insulating core used mineral wool, foamed plastics. Production of sandwich panels with insulation mineral wool performed on modular lines for the production of aggregate or conveyor scheme. Sandwich panels are used as load–bearing elements of the facades, as well as a roof covering.

173-176

Authors: Sautieva T.

The question of the legal status of the subject of the Russian Federation is a question of the relations between Federation and its subjects, and the question of differentiation of competence and powers concerns the relations between separate types of federal bodies and bodies of territorial subjects of the federation. The author considers questions of the external economic efficiency of the policy of differentiation of powers between regions. According to the author, the foreign policy began to be created in the regions of Russia more and more.

181–186

Authors: Burda E., Nikonets O.

The article discusses the origin, formation and development of the banking system in the Russian Federation, the study of its features, as well as negative aspects of banking activity in Russia in the development process of their system. According to the carried–out analysis, the first stage of development is provided as an inefficient single–level credit system, the second was directed to the complex reconstruction of the system of the economic relations in the field of the credit. Authors pass in the conclusion to a conclusion that the bank system represents one of the most important and integral structures of market economy and the national economy.

193–196

Authors: Krempovaya N., Tarnorutskaya A.

The paper studies major ways in rethinking macroeconomic policy under current conditions. Crucial changes to design financial policy are outlined. A necessity is highlighted to shift priorities in macroeconomic regulation to the advantage of the financial policy. In the conclusion, authors draw a conclusion that modern methods and means of countercyclical regulation provide a complex system of a leverage over market conditions. Components of this system differ not only force and the direction of influence on the set of business activity but also on spheres of their application.

203–211

Authors: Suleymanova A., Blazhevich O.

In the article, the basic indexes of management efficiency are considered circulating assets. Description over of every index is brought and the formula of his calculation is presented. The analysis of duration has conducted the operation and financial cycles of JSC “Nizhnekamskshina”, corresponding conclusions are done on the got results and worked out a suggestion on the increase of efficiency of management by the circulating assets of JSC “Nizhnekamskshina”.

216–218

Authors: Shmeleva E., Bylinkina A.

This article is devoted to the study of experience in implementation of management systems, occupational health and safety at Russian enterprises. Concretized the benefits and advantages that the company obtained through the implementation of OHSAS methodology. Authors specify that system approach to management of professional safety on modern industrial enterprise can significantly reduce the probability of emergence of risks of occupational accidents, accidents, and emergencies. In the conclusion, short recommendations are made.

223–228

Authors: Belyaev V., Goryacheva I.

The article defines the features of the development of the financial strategy of the enterprise in an uncertain environment. Designated place and role of financial strategy in relation to the base and other functional strategies. The main objectives and priorities of forming the financial strategy of the enterprise. Given the concept of “residual uncertainty” and its role in shaping the financial strategy of the enterprise. Designated four levels of residual uncertainty. The main stages in the formation of financial strategy and the methods used to.

237–250

Authors: Mingazinova E., Ignatieva A.

The article considers approaches to defining the categories of “service” and “retail service”. After studying the concepts offered by both foreign and grown–in experts reveal their failure, the authors clarify the understanding the category in question–based on mutual usefulness to the seller and the buyer. Also in the article describes the classification features retail trade services–whether you automatically organize all their totality in retail services.

263–270

Authors: Starkova N., Kokhanovskaya E.

Based on the analysis of scientific papers, statistical and analytical data the authors characterize the state of modern aspects of the oil and gas sector of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that at present the Russia, having large reserves of natural gas and oil is constantly increasing the volume of production, realizing at the same time to a greater extent the raw materials rather than processed products. Moreover, the very extraction of natural resources, raw domestic companies is a costly, not only due to the complexities of Russian climatic conditions, but also a low level of technological development and depreciation of fixed assets of enterprises of the Russian oil and gas complex. A comparison of features of realization of innovative activity of domestic and foreign companies from the sector of production of gas and oil and processing of natural resources has revealed a strong backlog of Russian energy producers from Western on a number of parameters, which poses a significant threat to the economic security of the country. On the basis of the estimate of investment costs for R&D carried out by the Russian oil and gas companies revealed a clear imbalance in the structure, signaling that in the forecast period, as well as now, these enterprises attaches great importance to the development trends of production and sales of crude product to the detriment of the development of processing technologies. These features of functioning and directions of innovative development of the industry signalize of the fact that in the present and the future its growth can have mainly extensive type. This trend in conditions of emerging globalization and increased competition in the oil and gas market may lead to a deterioration of the position of Russia, which is gradually transformed into a supplier of raw materials only, while other countries, companies are busy processing niche products. To prevent this, the prospects for Russian oil and gas companies today need to seriously reconsider the direction of its development and to formulate a common strategy for the development of the industry intensive type, focused on the growth of its efficiency and competitiveness.

278–295

Authors: Basimov M.

The nonlinear psychology is a new approach to studying psychological phenomena, putting the main task the research of specifically nonlinear properties of psychological phenomena. On the basis of the author's method of multiple comparisons, we develop the new approach of studying in one problem of statistical dependences of the various form, in which is used a method of multiple comparisons for quintile splitting’s (a triad, a quart, a quint) of the data on each parameter. The method of multiple comparisons based on pair comparisons and revealing of authentic differences: between groups of examinees for all parameters; between parameters for all studied groups; between all ordered pairs "group – parameter", is a structural component of our statistical approach developed for a construction of psychological typologies. For classification are defined kinds of dependences: 11 for triads and 28 for quarts. The basic types of dependences: dependence with a maximum and a minimum, increasing and decreasing, but it is far not linear, fluctuations max–min and min–max. In each type are included various quantity (from 2 to 9) of kinds of dependences (for triads less, it has more than quarts) which are defined by symmetry, the general increasing or decreasing tendency, shift to the left or to the right, uniformity of change. In the article is considered: 1) the typology of nonlinear dependences in the research on revealing of the basic requirements to the teacher’s profession; 2) the typology of nonlinear dependences by results of research of features of positive parental feelings and their influence on formation of an adequate self–estimation of the preschool child; 3) the typology of dependences based on results of studying of the style of family education as a factor of formation of semantic sphere of the child; 4) the typology of nonlinear dependences based on the results of research "Experience of a trust crisis"; 5) the typology of relations of tolerance, viability, and base belief in graphic parameters of measurements of valuable relations of the person "I–Others". In the article as examples, the separate dependences from these 5 psychological types of research are considered.

313–317

Authors: Vanyushina N.

The Russian Federation state policy in the field of education aims to obtain a higher education by all categories of Russian citizens. Implementation of an inclusive approach in education requires higher education institutions to create a special environment that meets all the students with disabilities needs. The opportunity to study and receive a degree is the best way for future successful integration. Consideration of some issues of inclusive educational programs` is described in this article.

322–332

Authors: Glushchenko V., Glushchenko I., Kozyrev V.

The paradigm and philosophy of innovations in education develop, the innovations in education connected with globalization, scientific and technical progress, development of information technologies and influence of information technologies on thinking of bulk of students are researched and described the specific types of practical innovations in modern higher education allowing to lower a negative impact of clip consciousness of students are described.

342–347

Authors: Panachev V., Morozov A.

Analysis result studies is presented in the article on the problem of health and sound lifestyle student, is the determined role of the physical culture, pulpits of the physical culture in this process, is intended way to activations resource educational space of the university for decision given problems. Since each year entering applicants, all more have deflections of able health. So for tolerance to the practical occupation on physical culture necessary without fall to check the condition of their health to in the course of occupation was not a trauma and negative moments on the part of the cardiovascular system and another organ. The students pass the physical examination after enrolment in university, physicians define the group for occupation by physical culture, teachers in conversation with a student of the first–course interview them for the reason determinations of the circle athletic interest and pictures of health. The majority student considers its health good that is not confirmed the result of the physical examination. The students try to hide their own restrictions on the picture of health to not to lose the authority in eye students. The results questioning student speak of that large number student consider health necessary condition too full–fledged life, but only small their part spares him the due attention that brings about the origin of one more contradiction between the realization of the significant value of health and active conscious activity on his conservation and fortification. At present, the applicants enter in university with different restrictions on the picture of health. In given work analyzed functioning the pulpit of the physical culture on preventive maintenance and fortification of health student facility of the physical culture on scholastic occupation on the timetable and additional scholastic–burn occupation in the sanitary group. The main methods of the study: survey students, pedagogical experiment, mathematical processing got a result.

353–357

Authors: Kazdanyan S., Chilingaryan L.

This article discusses the role of modern information technologies in the formation of spiritual and moral values of the younger generation in the field of education. Examines the psychological characteristics of spiritually and moral development of younger generation and the influence of media in their personal formation and development.

364–368

Authors: Kovaleva O.

The article analyzes the possibilities of implementation of the educational process in the form of non–traditional lesson — lesson–game. In the current conditions of the educational process, the teacher is necessary to form such conditions under which the children will have an interest in learning so that they will come to the realization that remained unclear, and it will allow you learn to learn. The right motivation of learning activities will give learner to the joy of the process of self–knowledge and from the results of their educational work. As practice shows, the leading role in the organization of educational process is given to the teacher. First of all, it is necessary to analyze the effectiveness of their work, apply new methods of teaching modern younger school student, to form new approaches to the construction of the lesson, the form of the meeting. The main goals of the lesson–games are the following: educational, allowing you to expand and deepen student’s knowledge of the stated topic; educational, stimulating the development of the ability to Express their opinion and of listening skills, development of logical thinking and educational, aimed at developing the ability to work in a team, competitive aspect, love and respect for nature. The proposed game–lesson will enable students to better represent a particular event, involving them in the process of independent search for knowledge, makes the learning work is diverse, promotes the development of imagination, memory, attention, thinking. The use of alternative forms of the lesson will allow the learner to more fully learn the material, reduce the load during the lesson, encourages the development of moral qualities. Lesson–games are an effective mechanism for the formation of cognitive activity of learner.

373–376

Authors: Buslaeva E.

The article deals with problems of formation of vital values of today’s youth, the factors and mechanisms of formation of values, ideals, the content of social consciousness, marked characteristics of today’s realities of life, the results of a survey of students by the survey, the findings on trends in social values in modern Russia. Basic research methods: observation, interview, questionnaire, projective method of unfinished sentences. The results can be used in the practice of youth work in various spheres of life.

384–386

Authors: Zhumaniyazov D.

The article describes the life and work of the loveliest son of the Karakalpak people Maksum khan (Ubaydulla Bakhauaddinov), he struggled against bolshevik government for freedom after the Revolution in Amu Darya region in 1917.

393–397

Authors: Tishchenko Yu., Semenov V.

The article analyzes directions of a warning by the civil society. The regularities of the modern state of civil prevention and communication with law enforcement in the Russian state. The author identifies the main directions, stages, and methods of law enforcement through the provision of the prevention of offenses by civil society. The revealed regularities have helped the author to come to some conclusions that may become fundamental in the field of crime prevention.