Population Processes

Number 3 (1), 2018

3-7
Population of Montenegro: Basic Demographic Indicators, Population Growth by Regions, Working Age Population

Authors: Jelisavka Bulatović, Aleksandra Mladenović, Goran Rajović

Abstract

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The paper analyzes basic demographic indicators, population growth by regions, working age population in Montenegro. In the inter – census period (2003–2011) is noticeable decrease in the population of the Northern region Montenegro (– 7.2 %), while in the central and coastal region marked an increase of 5.9 % and 3.7 %. Migration balance at the level of Montenegro in the period 2003–2011 shows a negative trend and amounted to – 10.433, by region: North – 17.161, Maritime – 2.068, 4 Central – 4.659. Number of working-age population, broken down by regions, growth was is recorded in the Central (8.4 %) and the Southern region (14.0 %), while the in North region reduced (- 4.7 %). It is concluded that far reaching solutions should be sought first of all increasing fertility, which will stimulate gradual rejuvenation of the age structure. Other a group of measures relates to immigration, and the third to increase youth employment stopping their mass eviction.

8-15
Integration Policy of Ukraine with Regard to Women who Suffered the Military Conflict: Sociological and Legal Aspects

Authors: Violetta O. Torianyk

Abstract

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Number of views: 251

This article examines the statistical data of the Ministry on the issues of temporarily occupied territories and temporarily displaced persons in Ukraine, the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, sociological surveys conducted by public organizations, as well as regulatory legal acts of Ukraine ensuring the integration of internally displaced women into host territorial communities. The conducted analysis resulted in a conclusion concerning the intention of the majority of such persons to remain in the receiving territorial communities. Several proposals have been made regarding the improvement of programs that deal with the integration of internally displaced persons. One of them is the necessity to distinguish a distinctive category of IDP-women, which would incorporate those who have additional socially vulnerable status (single mother, retired person (seniors), person with disabilities). Stable public funding is required to guarantee an access of such categories to medical, educational and socio-psychological services. The state policy of integration lacks such an essential component as the formation of gender sensitivity in the system of social protection and social services for IDP-women. In the conditions of a protracted conflict, the strategic decision in the integration policy of the state should be to eliminate the status of IDPs for such persons through ensuring full electoral, social, labor and housing rights in the host community.

16-25
Environmental Migration: Challenges for Contemporary International Law

Authors: Vladyslava M. Zavhorodnia, Yelyzaveta A. Polianska

Abstract

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Number of views: 233

The article is devoted to the problem of environmental refugees and the search for possible ways of their protection by international legal measures. The authors attempt to determine the legal status of environmental refugees, to identify criteria for their delineation from other categories of forced migrants. The possibilities of applying the current norms of International Law to environmental refugees are examined. The international protection of environmental refugees and observance of the interests of the states they are arriving are regarded as key aspects of the problem. The prospects and possible ways of improving the international legal regulation in this sphere are considered. The authors argue that environmental refugees should be legally recognized as a separate category of forced migrants with appropriate granting of the legal status. The best solution is to adopt an international treaty that would address these issues, would introduce a quota principle for the distribution of environmental refugees between countries, depending on the territory, population density and financial and economic resources. It is also desirable to identify the states and territories needing the urgent assistance and the principles of implementing joint interstate projects aimed at removing tensions in the field of environmental migration.