Movimiento Humano y Salud

Number 13 (1), 2016

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ANALYSIS OF THE ANABOLIC WINDOW BEHAVIOUR IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Authors: Josu Huarte Prieto & Javier Yanci Irigoyen

Abstract

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The purpose of this review was first to determine whether there is enough evidence in scientific literature to insure the existence of the anabolic window subsequent to training sessions to improve muscle adaptations of hypertrophy and strength by ingesting certain nutrients during a period of time. The review was also aimed at establishing if there is a limited time of action for such an anabolic window and finally at analyzing which are the appropriate nutritional recommendations for the training sessions given in the various scientific papers. Information was searched using the PubMed search engine (in English) and Google scholar and Dialnet(in Spanish). The search was narrowed to only articles directly related to training and articles with healthy subjects with no pathologies. Given that the studies analyzed present mixed and contradictory results, it is difficult to determine the existence or non-existence of the anabolic window and its time of action.

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UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS THAT DETERMINE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT FROM THE CHILDREN’S PERSPECTIVE

Authors: Carlos Álvarez Bogantes

Abstract

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The study explores children’s perceptions regarding physical activity barriers and facilitators during recess in order to provide the necessary input for governmental authorities and educational researchers to develop policies and interventions that promote physical activity for this age group within the educational environment. Methods: A qualitative design was employed that used focus groups and in-depth interviews for data collection. Data was collected from six focus groups, which included a total of 90 third-graders (50 boys and 40 girls) and their three teachers. Results: The most frequent barriers identified by children were: a lack of social support, bullying, a lack of space, and organizational barriers. A lack of space and time was a barrier for all children, resulting in conflict and exclusion from physical activities for girls and some of the boys. Conclusion: Participants perceive the school environment as not favorable for physical activity; however,following their nature and need to move, a large majority finds ways to fill that need to play and have fun. Based on the results of this study, physical activity should be promoted during recess, taking into consideration barriers in the natural, social, physical and organizational environments.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN JOB STRESS PREDICTORS BASED ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AGE, GENDER AND SENIORITY IN A GROUP OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS FROM THE COSTA RICAN PUBLIC SECTOR

Authors: Christian Alberto Azofeifa Mora; Luis Solano Mora ;Jorge Salas Cabrera; Héctor Fonseca Schmidt

Abstract

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The purpose of this article is to relate and compare job stress predictors with physical activity levels, age, seniority, and gender in administrative employees in the Costa Rican public sector. A total of 395 individuals from this sector were surveyed. Subjects answered a socio-demographic questionnaire (age, gender, seniority, and marital status). In order to assess job stress predictors, the Job Stress Survey (JSS) was applied,which was comprised of two dimensions (intensity and frequency) and including predictors such as pressure at work (PT), lack of social support (FA), lack of organization (FO), and lack of personal accomplishment (FRP). To determine the level of physical activity, a short version of the IPAQ was applied. Results indicate that male subjects have a slightly higher level of physical activity compared to female subjects. In addition, females show higher levels of job pressure as a stress predictor. Subjectively, the higher the physical activity level the lower the stressors, compared to lower levels of physical activity. We conclude that the high levels of physical inactivity exhibited may be associated with higher job stress perceived and that role overload could be an important factor to consider as a source of stress in females.Key Words: job stress, physical activity, administrative, gender, age, seniority

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COMPARISON OF LEVELS OF SELF-ESTEEM BY SEX AND LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN TWO GROUPS OF SENIOR ADULTS

Authors: Diego Rodríguez Méndez; Wady El Hob Montero; Luis C. Solano Mora

Abstract

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Number of views: 616

The purpose of this study is to observe whether there are differences in the self-esteem score, depending on the level of physical activity (active-sedentary) in a sample of senior adults. Twenty-six senior adults participated in the study with an average of 73 ± 9 years of age. The sedentary group (n = 12) belonged to the Santo Domingo Nursing Home in Heredia, Costa Rica, while the active group belonged to the project entitled Modulation of the Aging Process of the Movement for Life Program. Results: No significant differences were found in scores by level of physical activity (t =0.931, p = 0.363); however, there were significant differences in self-esteem scores by gender (t = -2.255, p = 0.034). It was concluded that the level of physical activity does not affect self-esteem and that men’s level of self-esteem is higher than women’s.