Advances in Astrophysics

7

Authors: Bhaskar J. Saikia, G. Parthasarathy, Rashmi R. Borah

We report here for the first time the possible presence of organic compounds in Sadiya (LL5) ordinary chondrite using micro-Raman and infrared spectroscopic technique. The micro-Raman spectrum exhibits the diamond and graphite peaks correspondingly at 1331 cm-1, 1349 cm-1 and 1588 – 1618 cm-1. The full wave at half maximum value of about 18 cm-1 for Sadiya indicating the nature of disordered phase involved shock metamorphism in the meteorite samples. The diamond and graphite peaks intensity ratio (~0.53) indicates the disordered nature of graphite. The infrared spectrum in the range 2700–3000 cm-1 indicates the presence of CH3 asymmetric stretching, and CH2 symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes due to aliphatic hydrocarbons. This study has strong implications in understanding of the organic compounds in extra-terrestrial materials.

11

Authors: Lorenzo Zaninetti

The evaluation of the physical parameters or eects|such as the luminosity function (LF) or the photometric maximum (PM)|for galaxies is routinely modeled by their spectroscopic redshift. Here, we model LF and PM for galaxies by the photometric redshift as given by the Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared Extragalactic (SWIRE) catalog in the framework of a lognormal LF. In addition, we compare our model with the Schechter LF for galaxies. The adopted cosmological framework is that of the at cosmology.

21

Authors: Boris V. Alexeev

In this paper we revisit the levitation phenomenon using the nonlocal physical description of this levitation phenomenon. This approach can identify the conditions when the levitation can take place under the influence of correlated electromagnetic and gravitational fields. The sufficient mathematical conditions of levitation are used. It means that the regime of levitation could be realized from the position of the non-local hydrodynamics. The stability of the spherical levitating objects is investigated. The appearance of the strong radial fluctuations leads to the destruction of the levitation regime.

6

Authors: Hans-J. Fahr, Michael Heyl

In two previous papers the authors have investigated the characteristics of freely propagating cosmic photons in expanding homogenous flat universes from particle and wave points of view, respectively. The result was that the energy density of these freely propagating photons scales with 1/S3 instead with the generally accepted and redshift-related 1/S4 , with S being the cosmic scale factor. This is a surprising result at first glance but finally very understandable if energy conservation has to be required also for cosmic photons without creating a conflict with observations. In this paper we treat freely propagating cosmic photons with a totally different approach, namely with the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor (from now on abbreviated with EMT). The implementation of the EMT, when correctly interpreted for freely propagating photons, into Einstein’s field equations then automatically leads to the same 1/S3 -scaling law for the energy density of cosmic photons, herewith confirming the results found earlier for the particle and wave view. We conclude that the observed cosmological redshift of photons (energy density ∝ 1/S4 ) is compatible with the law of energy conservation, i.e energy density ∝ 1/S3 if interpreted on a new physical basis.

14

Authors: Magd E. Kahil

Equations of spinning objects are obtained in Absolute Parallelism Geometry [AP], a special class of non-Riemannian geometry admitting specific types having non-vanishing curvature and torsion simultaneously. This new set of equations is the counterpart of the Papapetrou equations in the Riemannian geometry. Applying, the concept of geometerization of physics, it may give rise to describe the spin tensor as parameterized commutation relation between path and path deviation equations in both Riemannian and non-Riemannian geometries.

17

Authors: Y. SHARON RUTH, RAM KRISHAN SHARMA

t. Periodic orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem are studied by considering the photogravitational and oblateness effects of the larger and smaller primary, respectively. The mean motion is derived with the help of averaging the distance r between the primaries over a revolution in terms of the mean anomaly. Collinear points L1, L2, L3 are studied for some of the Sun and its planet systems. The value of the critical mass µc is found, which decreases with the increase in radiation pressure and oblateness. The stability of the triangular points is studied using the analytical technique of Bennett. This is based on Floquet's theory for determination of characteristic exponents for periodic coefficients. Transition curves bounding the regions of stability in the µ-e plane, accurate to O(e2 ) are generated. Tadpole orbits, a combination of long-short periodic orbits, are produced for Sun-Jupiter and Sun-Saturn systems.

7

Authors: Hans-Jörg Fahr, Michael Heyl

Modern cosmology considers several different ingredients entering the energy-momentum tensor of the GTR-field equations, amongst them normal baryonic matter, dark matter, dark energy and photons. The photons are usually taken as negligibly influencing the present-day expansion dynamics because they are seen as permanently loosing energy due to being cosmologically redshifted. In an earlier study we have discussed why this view is questionable and why freely propagating photons, while being transported in an expanding universe, do not change their energy. In this paper, instead of using a cosmic photon view, we treat the cosmic electromagnetic radiation field as a system of monodirectional wave modes. Single photons moving with the velocity of light can not be described as sources of gravity, raising the question how cosmic photons hence may contribute to the cosmic gravity field. Here we conclude that photons or the associated electromagnetic waves can only be described as gravity sources, if they constitute a form of localized standing energy. To represent localized energy, electromagnetic waves in an appropriate manner have to interfere with their counter-propagating waves of an appropriate phase shift π to produce standing waves. We describe the energy distribution of monochromatic standing waves and consider these monodirectional, monochromatic wave modes as undamped wave modes freely extending over the dimension of the universe. We show that they keep a constant mode energy despite the cosmic expansion connected with the shift of their wavelengths proportional to the cosmic scale S. With these considerations we obtain an expression for the energy density of standing electromagnetic waves and show that their wave energy density scales with S −3 , instead like S −4 as expected for the cosmic radiation energy density by the present-day cosmology. We conclude that with our present result we confirm an earlier study carried out on the basis of freely propagating single photons, since on both ways we find that the energy density of cosmic electromagnetic radiation scales identically to the scaling of the cosmic matter density, namely according to S −3 .

33

Authors: Boris V. Alexeev

The interaction is established between the Physical Vacuum (PV) description in the frame of non-local physics and the external electromagnetic and gravitational fields.

12

Authors: Boris V. Alexeev

The wave transport processes in physical vacuum are investigated. The corresponding equations of nonlocal physical description are obtained. The vast mathematical modeling is realized for different values of parameter of nonlocality. The self-consistent force acting on the volume unit is calculated.