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Oxidized palm oil impairs reproductive functions and architectures in female rats
Authors: Wankeu-Nya Modeste, Kengne In è s T, Ateba Benjamin S, Bend Fortune E, Djeumeni Ornela N, Hatho Dominique T, Ngadjui E, Moundipa Paul F, Massoma Dieudonné L , Dongmo Alain B, Watcho Pierre
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Objective: To evaluate the effects of three oxidized palm oil diets
(OPD) on female rat reproductive function.
Methods: Forty-four female Wistar rats presenting five consecutive
and regular estrous cycles were divided into 4 groups. The rats
were fed with: a standard diet, 70% of standard diet+30% oxidized
palm oil diet (OPD1), OPD1+5 g of boiled yolk egg (OPD2) and
OPD1+10% sucrose (OPD3) for 125 days, respectively. During
the feeding period, morphometric, estrous cycle, sexual behavior,
gestation, biochemical and histomorphometric parameters were
evaluated.
Results: All OPDs significantly increased abdominal circumference,
body mass index and Lee index coupled to an irregularity and
lengthening of the estrous cycle. They significantly decreased
appetite and consumption behaviours, quantic pregnancy index,
fertility rate, implantation sites and index, serum progesterone and
high-density lipoprotein levels, increased pre-implantation losses,
anti-implantation activities, serum estradiol, triglycerides, total
and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, and impaired brain
and ovaries oxidative status. Histomorphometric examinations
revealed increases in the number of atresic and primary follicles and
decreases in secondary, tertiary, Degraaf, total and corpus luteum
follicles in ovaries coupled to a neurodegeneration of hypothalamic
anteroventral periventricular neurons in the OPD groups compared
to the standard diet group.
Conclusions: The three OPDs induce obesity and impair the female
reproductive function, especially OPD2 and OPD3. These findings
contribute to a better understanding of the adverse effects of palm
oil bleaching on the reproductive function in female rats, which
could be useful in the management of women with obesity-related
sexual dysfunction.