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Iron supplementation during malaria infection in pregnancy and childhood: A review
Authors: Neha Surela, Amrendra Chaudhary, Poonam Kataria, Jyoti Das
Number of views: 10
Malaria presents a significant global public health challenge,
with severe malarial anaemia being a primary manifestation of
the disease. The understanding of anaemia caused by malaria
remains incomplete, making the treatment more complex. Iron is a
crucial micronutrient essential for haemoglobin synthesis, oxygen
delivery, and other vital metabolic functions in the body. It is
indispensable for the growth of human beings, as well as bacteria,
protozoa, and viruses in vitro and in vivo. Iron deficiency is among
the most common nutritional deficiencies and can have detrimental
effects during developmental stages of life. Malaria-induced iron
deficiency occurs due to the hemolysis of erythrocytes and the
suppression of erythropoiesis, leading to anaemia. Meeting iron
requirements is particularly critical during pivotal life stages such
as pregnancy, infancy, and childhood. Dietary intake alone may
not suffice to meet adequate iron requirements, thus highlighting
the vital role of iron supplementation. While iron supplementation
can alleviate iron deficiency, it can exacerbate malaria infection by
providing additional iron for the parasites. However, in the context
of pregnancy and childhood, iron supplementation combined with
malaria prevention and treatment has been shown to be beneficial
in improving birth outcomes and ensuring proper growth and
development, respectively. This review aims to identify the role and
impact of iron supplementation in malaria infection during the life
stages of pregnancy and childhood.