Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Number 2, 2016

26-27
Regulating Industry Projects of M. Pharm Students-Need of the Hour

Authors: P. N. Sanjay Pai

Abstract

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Number of views: 431

Invited article

28-37
Stock Assessment of Co-Trimoxazole Tablets in HIV/AIDS Program of Kebbi State, Nigeria

Authors: Kabiru Abubakar Gulma

Abstract

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Number of views: 430

This research was aimed at determining the inventory level of Co-Trimoxazole tablets used in the HIV/AIDS program of Kebbi State, Nigeria, and assess the inventory level to find out if it fell within the required range as pre-determined by the inventory control system in Nigeria. In achieving the stated objectives, visits were made to all hospitals offering HIV/AIDS services in Kebbi State were Co-Trimoxazole tablets are normally used. Data collected were 'stock on hand' and 'bimonthly consumption' and cut across all the three types of Co-Trimoxazole tablets namely: CoTrimoxazole120 mg, Co-Trimoxazole480 mg and Co-Trimoxazole960 mg. Microsoft Excel spreadsheets were prepared for each type of Co-Trimoxazole across all the nine hospitals visited and the data were processed by inserting arithmetical formulae in the spreadsheets. The measure of inventory level called month of stock (MoS) was calculated and charts were developed to present the results obtained. The study found out that none of the Co-Trimoxazole tablets was within the inventory control system of 4 months maximum stock and 2 months minimum stock. Across the entire state, the inventory level of Co-Trimoxazole120 mg was 1.9 MoS, and that of Co-Trimoxazole480 mg was 1.4 MoS while the inventory level of Co-Trimoxazole960 mg was 5.7 MoS. The research as much as it is monitoring in nature is as well evaluative because it showed that the logistics system is not functioning as designed.

38-44
An Overview on the Methods of Screening Antiobesity Activity

Authors: Danilae George, Y. Jyothi

Abstract

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Number of views: 394

The incidence of obesity around the world continues to increase and is considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality through various diseases. Various animal models can be used for the study of various compounds for the discovery of a novel treatment for the obesity. It can range from food intake studies in lean rodents to studies in obese animals due to high fat diet.The use of these animals helps us to determine whether the weight loss is due to fat loss or due to changes in other parameters. Various behavioral models can be used to study the food intake pattern and the effect of the drug on that pattern. These animal models have very good predictive validity as the effect of the drug on the animal models form the basis for the effect of the drug in humans.The drug induced weight loss in humans can be predicted to an extent from the studies carried out on these animal models. The published articles from Pubmed and other standard resources are used to study, review and compile the overview on screening methods used in Anti-obesity activity. The animal models of obesity can be used to study about the effects of parameters like insulin level, resistance and leptin levels in obesity. Acute and chronic feeding studies can be carried out. While studying about anti-obesity drugs the factors that lead to weight gain has to be considered. The obesity can be genetic or may be due to some other reason. The common cause for obesity is food intake with high calories and fat.So diet induced obese animal models are an important part of the studies. The animal models for the drug induced weight gain helps in the study of the effect of antiobesity drugs on the drug induced weight gain.All these models have been found to have utility in predicting the weight loss in obesity in man.

45-50
Aqueous Extract of Aerial Parts of Centella asiatica Arrests Cell Cycle at G0/G1 on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

Authors: Tanvi, Poonam Dogra, Nilanjan Ghosh, V. M. Chandrashekar, S. V. Rajendra

Abstract

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To investigate the cytotoxicity and cell cycle analysis of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Centella asiaticaon colorectal (HCT116) cancer cell lines. Centella asiaticaextract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and in the next stage, brine shrimp lethality assay was carried out.MTT assay was also performed on colorectal cancer cell lines to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity activity of the plant extract.Then, cell cycle arrest was also done as a part of investigation using Flow cytometry. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various vital phytoconstituents like saponins, glycosides, tannins, triterpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols. Aqueous extract of the aerial parts of Centella asiatica markedly increases the mortality in brine shrimp lethality assay. Further, the extract exhibited cytotoxicity on human colorectal cancer cell lines and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. This research work throws light into the usage of the plant as an alternative to conventional chemotherapy of cancer. In vitro brine shrimp lethality assay, cytotoxicity and cell cycle analysis were all performed for the first time using aqueous extract of Centella asiaticaaerial parts. It can be concluded that the aqueous extract of aerial parts of Centella asiatica showed antioxidant & anticancer activities and even arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.

51-55
Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice on DOTs Therapy by Tubercular Patients

Authors: Tintu Babu *, Rajeswari Ramasamy , Teena Nazeem , R. Chandramouli , M. Ashwin Krishna , Chinchumol Baby , A. M. Nancy

Abstract

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Number of views: 433

India is marked as world's highest Tuberculosis (TB) burden country in the year 2014 with an estimated incidence of 2.2 million cases.Patient adherence to the standard anti-TB therapy in developing countries has been estimated to be as low as 40%.Therefore we found our study is relevant to the situation. A prospective- Educational Interventional study was conducted among 113 patients across DOTs centers in and around Bengaluru. Patient's level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards TB were assessed by conducting structured interviews using suitable validated KAP (Knowledge Attitude and Practice) questionnaire. Of the 113 patients, 46.9 % were found to have poor KAP, 52.2 % were found to have medium KAP and 0.88% of patients were found to have high KAP during the baseline interview. A more comprehensive approach for patient education, incorporating easier access to drugs and emphasizing on motivating patients to come to the clinic to receive therapy are essential for completion of treatment course among TB patients. Hence this study assessed level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among patients with tuberculosis and revealed the need for providing more knowledge about tuberculosis and medications among patients.

56-62
Phytosomes:A Brief overview

Authors: sarika dhir, R. K. Khar, G. S. Chakraborthy, Maan Saurabh

Abstract

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Number of views: 440

Phytoconstituents have been used in medicine since ancient times due to their various pharmacological actions.Inspite having excellent bio- activity of plant extract and their phytoconstituents in vitro they have no in vivo actions due to their poor lipid solubility or inappropriate molecular size or both, which results in their poor absorption andlower bioavailability. Phytosomes are the novel formulation technology which helps to overcome these problems.Phytosomes are produced by a process whereby a standardized plant extract or its constituents are bound to phospholipids; mainly phosphotidylcholine, producing a lipid compatible complex. The phytosome technology has been applied over many popular herbal drugs such as Ginko biloba, hawthorn, olive oil, grape seed, green tea and ginseng. This article reviews the recent trends in phytosomes drug delivery.