Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

Number 3, 2017

145-153
Analysis of Equipment Requirement in Timber Harvesting: A Case Study at PT. Surya Hutani Jaya, East Kalimantan

Authors: Sona Suhartana & Yuniawati

Abstract

View in PDF

Number of views: 774

Proper quantity of equipments in timber harvesting should be well planned and managed to obtain efficient time and cost of production. This paper study the proper quantity of timber harvesting equipment in accord with production target. The study was conducted in 2010 at PT Surya Hutani Jaya, East Kalimantan. Data collected from the field consisted of equipment productivities, owners and operating costs, number of equipments, and production plan. The collected data were then averaged, and the effects of equipments on productivity and production cost were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results reveal that there are excessive and shortage uses of equipments in felling to hauling activities, according to the production plan. The most efficient wood harvesting equipments composition for the correlated production consist of 21 units chainsaws for felling, 9 units excavators for skidding, 10 units loaders, 2 units excavator for unloading and 31 units trucks for hauling. The number of timber harvesting equipments has significant influences on harvesting productivity and production cost.

185-195
Selection of White Rot Fungi from Indonesian Tropical Forest as Laccase (Lac) and Manganase Peroxidase (MnP) Producers

Authors: Lisna Efiyanti & Asep Hidayat

Abstract

View in PDF

Number of views: 701

White-rot fungus, Basidiomycetes is an unique group of microbes among the major decomposers of plant polymers or biomass. Their existences are under pressure due to Indonesian tropical forests degradation caused by forest fires, excessive exploitation, land conversion and biopiracy. Based on natural process of white rot fungi, it could be utilized for bioresources, i.e improvement of food quality and leading of new functionality (the food industry), delignification (pulp & paper), production of ethanol (biofuel), biosensors and bioremediation. This paper studies isolate, selection and evaluation of the potential extracellular enzymes laccase (Lac) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) from fungi grown in Indonesian tropical forest. A total of 178 samples of fungi fruit were collected from Indonesian tropical forest, including West Java, East Java and East Kalimantan Provinces, then they were isolated and selected on RBBR agar media for futher analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences of 26 pure isolates, in term of its capacity to decolorize RBBR, and only six pure isolates (JB-7.1.1, BST-F16, Gr-W3.2A-C, TRK-1, TRK-2, and TRK-3) were able to oxidize RBBR more than 1 cm per day. Futhermore, two isolates were selected as their enzymes production was higher than another, those were -1 -1 -1JB-7.1.1 (Lac = 526 ± 142 UL and MnP = 114 ± 13 UL ), and TRK-2 (Lac = 463 ± 95 UL and MnP = 98 -1± 8 UL ). Statistically, the activity of Lac produced by JB-7.1.1 was higher and not significantly different with the positive control, Cerrena sp. F0607. JB-7.1.1 and TRK-2 isolates were the potential fungi for producing Lac, which they could be applied easily for textile dyes decolorization as bioremediation.

197-209
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Strand Board Made of Tali Bamboo (Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz

Authors: I.M Sulastiningsih, Dian Anggraini Indrawan, Jamal Balfas, Adi Santoso & Mohammad Isa Iskandar

Abstract

View in PDF

Number of views: 551

Bamboo is potential as an alternative material to substitute wood. This paper examines the effects of using different resin contents and strand dimensions on the properties of its oriented strand board (bamboo OSB). Tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz) was used as raw material in manufacturing the bamboo OSB. Laboratory scale oriented bamboo strand boards were fabricated using each bamboo strand length (7.5, 10, and 15 cm) and glued with liquid phenol formaldehyde adhesive at various resin contents (6, 7 and 8%) of the bamboo strands dry 3w eight. Results show that the average density of fabricated bamboo OSB was 0.75 g/cm. Physical and mechanical properties of bamboo OSB were significantly affected by resin content, except the modulus of elasticity (MOE). Higher resin content gave better physical and mechanical properties of the boards. MOE of bamboo OSB was also significantly affected by the strand length. The longer strand dimension produces boards with higher MOE values. All oriented bamboo strand boards studied meet the Indonesian and Japanese Standard requirements of type 24 particleboard and also meet the British Standard requirements of both Type OSB/2 and Type OSB/3.

211-219
Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Alstonia scholaris R.Br Stem Bark Extract

Authors: Zuraida, Sulistiyani, Dondin Sajuthi, & Irma Herawati Suparto

Abstract

View in PDF

Number of views: 2042

Alstonia scholaris belongs to family A as t R.Br pocynaceae, is one of medicinal forest plant raditional medicine to treat fever, malaria, cough with phlegm, diarrhea, diabetes, cholesterol-lowering, intestinal worms, acute rheumatism, ulcers, and hypertension. One of the causes of heart disease, atherosclerosis, and cancer is oxidative stress. The stress can be cured or reduced by taking a plant ntioxidant. Flavonoid, a phenol compound class, is one of the secondary metabolites that function as antioxidant. This determines total levels of phenol, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of stem paper Alstonia bark extract ( R. Br). with the folin-ciocalteu method Alstonia scholaris Quantitative determination of total phenolics expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of extract total flavonoids 3 , content by AlCl method expressed as Quercetin equivalen (QE) with (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method , and in vitro antioxidant activities DPPH expressed in terms IC (inhibition concentration). esult showthat extraction of three replicates in maceration with of R s 50 96% ethanol yielded 4.19 % . The total phenolic content was mg GAE/g extract, while the total flavonoid filtrate 51.50 content was 0.35 mg QE/g extract. antioxidant activity of stem bark extract was 211.54 g/mL. IC value of assay μ 50

221-230
Study of Pine Resin Tapping by Drilling Using H SO Stimulant

Authors: Mody Lempang

Abstract

View in PDF

Number of views: 945

In general, pine resin yield is affected by various factors i.e. pine tree species, growing environment and tapping method. This paper studies pine resin tapping yield by drilling method using HSOstimulant. Tapping point is designed in the depth 2 4 of 4, 6 and 8 cm and sloping 25°. Three stimulant concentrations (0, 15%, 30%) were brushed in the tapping point and the treatments were repeated 10 times. Experimental design based on 3 x 3 factorials in completely randomized design. The first factor is the depth of drilling holes, the second factor is the concentration of HSO stimulant used and reptition of 10 2 4 times. Pine resin yields were analyzed using analysis of variance and further test was conducted by honestly significant difference test. Results show that tapping pine by drilling and stimulant addition produced pine resin between 15.5 to 109.3 g/tree/collection (56.3 g/tree/collection on average) or between 2.6 to 18.2 g/tree/day (9.4 g/tree/day on average). Pine resin yield is significantly influenced by drilling hole depth and HSO stimulant concentrations. The deeper the drilling hole, 2 4 the more pine resin yield, and the higher the concentration of HSO stimulant the higher pine resin yield. Pine resin yield of 2 4 8 cm tapping depth is 65.96% higher than 4 cm tapping depth, and 30% HSO improved the yield by about 56.45%. 2 4 The largest pine resin yield is achieved from tapping point of 8 cm depth and 30% HSO that yiled about 90.7 2 4 g/tree/collection in average.