Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

81-92

Authors: Saptadi Darmawan, Wasrin Syafii, Nyoman J Wistara, Akhirudin Maddu & Gustan Pari

Activated carbon has been used widely for various applications. Hydro-char which is hydrothermally carbonized from biomass could be used as an alternative precursor for activated carbon manufacture, which is commonly obtained from pyrolized-char. This paper observes crystalline structure of Acacia mangium's pyrolized-char and hydro-char using XRD (X-ray diffraction). The mangium wood was carbonized in 200°C and 300°C and depth analysis was conducted based on activated carbon product. Result shows carbon maturity index and aromaticity from both precursors (conventional and alternative) tends to increase after being activated; interlayer spacing (d002) is getting closer; meanwhile, crystallinity is greater; and the number, height as well as width of aromatic layers are increasing. Hydro-char exhibited crystallinity degree, maturity and aromaticity lower than those of the pyrolized-char obtained at 300oC carbonization, with the greater volatile content. Both types of char perform carbon structure with amor phous texture. The greatest iodine adsorption is achieved by hydro-char which was carbonized at 300oC. In general, XRD analysis on low temperature carbonization of pyrolized-char and hydro-char could predict the porosity of activated carbon.

105-114

Authors: Nurwati Hadjib, Abdurachman & Efrida Basri

This paper studies the physical and mechanical characteristics of the glued-laminated (glulam) beams made from small diameter of three fast growing species i.e. teak (Tectona grandis L.f), mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) and trembesi/monkeypod (Samanea saman Merr.) using water based polymer isocyanate (WBPI) as a binder. Six plies of wood combination species were laminated into final dimension of 6 cm x 12 cm x 300 cm. Each laminate was graded using Machine Stress Grading (Panter, plank sorter) to determine its Modulus of Elasticity (MOE). Crosss-section of two type of glulam beam was 6 cm x 12 cm, arranged of various widths and based on values of laminate MOE. Results show that the average and range value of the glulam density were 0.658 g/cm3 and 0.557-0.821 g/cm3, with the moisture content of 14.6% (13-16.8%). The average of the glulam modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were 75.51(37.016-12.0446) kg/cm2 and 494 (145-750) kg/cm2 respectivelly. The glulam made from teak has better MOE and MOR performances compared to those of mangium and trembesi. In general, the results showed that almost all of glulam beams tested meet requirement of JAS (Japanese Agricultural Standard) 2007 for structural glulam in moisture content, MOE, MOR, and shear strength. The glulam qualities can be classified into E65-E95-F225-F270, except for several species combination beams. Based on the strength classified and the ratio of S/W, the glulam can be used as a construction material except glulam teak-trembesi (preserved or unpreserved) and the unpreserved trembesi-trembesi. The three types of glulam can be utilized for the lightweight construction

125-133

Authors: Jasni & Sri Rulliaty

This study aims to determine the resistance of 20 wood species against subterranean termites (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) and dry wood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light). The test method of subterranean and dry wood termites refers to the SNI 01-7207-2006. Parameters observed for determining resistance class to subterranean and dry wood termites are the percentage of wood weight loss and the survival percentage of termites. Besides that, a subjective observation an severity of subterranean and dry wood termites attacks were also conducted. Results show that the resistance of 20 wood species against subterranean termites are as follow: class II (3 wood species), class III (2 wood species), class IV (13 wood species) and class V (2 wood species). The resistance to dry wood termites of the 20 wood studied species can be grouped as follow: class I (4 wood species), class II (5 wood species), class III (8 wood species) and class IV (3 wood species).

145-151

Authors: M. I. Iskandar & Achmad Supriadi

The previous research of bagasse utilization from the sugar plant's waste for making boards using Urea Formaldehide (UF) as an adhesive up to 10%, resulted particle's boards with inferior physical and mechanical characteristics which could not fulfill the Indonesian standard. This paper investigates an improvement effort by increasing portion of adhesive to 12% and 14%. Results indicated that the boards had better quality than the previous research. All aspects of the improved particle's boards could fulfill standard of Indonesia, Japan and FAO, except thickness swelling and MOE values which are below the standard. There have been a clear tendency that a higher level of adhesive exerted a better quality, although particle boards characteristic were not affected by adesive level, except modulus of elasticity.

167-174

Authors: Sri Komarayati & Santiyo Wibowo

Research of liquid smoke from 3 species of bamboo has been conducted by using modified drum furnace. The pur pose of this study is to determine the chemical components and other properties of liquid smoke. The results showed that the yield of liquid smoke 3 types of bamboo ranged from 5.00 to 24.00%, a pH of 2.70 to 3.36 has been standardized Japan; gravity of 0.99 to 1.03, acetic acid 31.37 - 83.59%, from 1.37 to 2.07% methanol and 0.56 to 1.24% total phenol. Acetic acid, methanol and total phenol liquid smoke test results of black bamboo has the highest value, followed by liquid smoke and spotted bamboo lowest in the liquid smoke bamboo betung.