Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

250-257

Authors: Mohammad Muslich & Sri Rulliaty

Fifty wood species collected from Indonesian forest regions were tested according to graveyard test standard and sea water exposure. Wood samples with dimensions of 60 x 5 x 5 em were prepared for graveyard test in Cikampek and 30 x 5 x 2.5 cm for sea water exposure in Rambut Island test area. The results show that in general wood species tested are susceptible to termite attack. Forty seven wood species out of 50 species tested (94%) were positively attacked by termites. Twenty eight species (56%) are classified into natural durability class V, 15 species (14%) are classified into natural durability class IV and 7 species are classified into natural durability class III. One species, Blumeodendron tundifolium was attacked not only by termite but also suffers by decaying fungi. Another 5 species: Erythrina fusca, Litsea roxburghii, Myristica subaculata, Stercularia oblongata and Trichodenia phillipinensis were also attacked by termites and fungus simultaneously. Sea water exposure test shows that almost all wood species tested were attacked by marine borers. Four wood species (8%) are moderately resistant and classified as natural durability class Ill, and 12 species (24%) are not resistant and classified as natural durability class IV, while 50 wood species (64%) are classified as perishable and classified as durability class V against marine borers. Only two wood species: Azadirachta indica and Parinari corymbosa are classified as durability class II. Marine borers attacked the wood samples include: Martesia striata (Pholadidae family), Teredo bartschi, Dicyathifer manni and Bankia ceba (Teredinidae family) .

271-282

Authors: Sihati Suprapti & Djarwanto

Ear mushroom is one of edible wood rotting fungi that has been already consumed by community. Mushroom's media was made of sengon (Falcataria mollucana (L.) Nielsen) sawdust with addition of 12 or 16% rice bran, 3.2% lime,0.4 % gypsum, urea or trisodiumphosphate 0.4% and water, then being composted for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. Media samples were grouped into A and B, where sterilized media A were inoculated with brown ear mushrooms (Auricularia auriculae-judae HHBI-312, HHBI-326) and black ear mushrooms(Auricularia polytricha HHBI-318, HHBI-331), and those of media B were inoculated by black ear mushrooms (Auricularia polytricha HHBI-331). Biological Conversion Efficiency (BE) was calculated based on the ratio of the mushroom yield in fresh condition to the dry weight. Results indicated that the high yield of ear mushroom was obtained on composting media for 3 and 5 days periods. The average yield of Auricularia auriculae-judae HHBI-312, HHBI-326 on media A were 58.88 grams dan 60.51 grams ( EB 10.96% and 10.92%), and for Auricularia polytricha HHBI-318, HHBI-331) were 67.5 grams and 101 grams (EB 12.38% dan 18.56%), respectively. Urea addition on the media tend to increase the BE value of A. auricula-judae. However, it found that the yield and BE value of A. polytricha on media consist of urea were higher than that on media consist of trisodiumphosphate. The productivity of A. polytricha HHBI-331 on B-media added with 16% ricebran (102.06 g, BE 18.73%) revealed higher than that which added with 12% ricebran (79.94 g, BE17.59%). Therefore, A. auricula-judae HHBI-312 and A. polytricha HHBI-331 selected for further mushroom production.

306-315

Authors: Totok K. Waluyo & Gunawan Pasaribu

Dragon's blood is essentially a red-colored resin secreted by the fruits of rattan species. The dragon's blood originated from Indonesia which becomes widespread in international market is indigenous from Daemonorops spp. The dragon's blood has been popularly used as traditional medicines. To confirm such dragon's blood efficacy, an assesment was already conducted regarding the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and anticoagulant activity indicatively afforded by the dragon's blood resin produced by three rattan species, i.e. Daemonorops longipes Mart, Daemonorops draco BL, and Daemonorops melanochaetes BL. Phytochemical screening aimed to identify the kinds of chemical compounds inside the dragon's blood resin; antioxidant tests used DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl); and anticoagulation tests proceed in-vitro using rabbit blood.Results revealed that the dragon's blood from those three species, extracted using polar (methanol) and semi-polar (ethyl acetate) solvents, contained chemical compounds which are already renowed for medicinal efficacy and potent antioxidant, e.g. flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannin. The greatest antioxidant potency was imparted by dragon's blood from Daemonorops longipes Mart, as indicated by its lowest IC50 value (71.89U+3,89 mgL ). The ethyl acetate dragon's blood extract, rather than promoting anticoagulat action on the rabbit-blood, in fact induced the blood coagulation, whereby the extract from Daemonorops longipes Mart performed the most effectively (shortest in coagulation time).