European Journal of Molecular Biotechnology

3-11

Authors: Ahmed H. Al-Humairi, Oleg V. Ostrovskiy, Ekaterina V. Zykova, Dmitriy L. Speransky, Vladimir V. Udut, Mikhail A. Buldakov

This study aimed to show the possibility of regulating the metabolic capabilities of cancer cells in vitro by changing the medium composition, using the MSF-7 breast cancer cell line as an example. The relevance of the work is due to the solid necessity for constantly improve cell lines for testing new antitumor drugs and obtaining new information about the chemistry of cancer. The assessment of glucose oxidation type by measuring the production of lactate and polarographic determination of oxygen consumption under normal conditions and the influence of Oligomycin A, 2,4 Dinitrophenol, or Rotenone action were basic methods of this study. An excess of glucose or removing glutamine was created as medium composition changes. A culture of Vero non-tumor cells was applied as a comparative model. As a result, the lactate production by MCF-7 tumor cell culture is significantly higher than the same by Vero culture, which is consistent with the Warburg effect. Excess glucose led to decreased lactate production in MCF-7 culture by almost 10 %, but it was not observed for Vero culture. The glutamine decrease in the culture medium does not significantly affect the change in lactate production for both Vero cells and MCF-7 cells. In the culture of tumor cells, excess glucose and lack of glutamine during daily incubation did not statistically affect respiration, while these changes were accompanied by a decrease in oxygen consumption by cells by 10 % and 15 %, respectively, in the culture of Vero cells. The obtained data can be used to control the cultivation system and verify metabolic changes due to testing new antitumor agents in vitro.

26-30

Authors: Elena N. Nesmeyanova, Galina A. Sroslova, Margarita V. Postnova, Nikita V. Panin, Yuliya A. Zimina

One of the current issues of medicine and pharmacology is investigating the factors that induce cerebral ischemia. In the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the role of ion homeostasis in this disease. However, most previous studies have mainly focused on individual ion channel genes that are responsible for cerebral ischemia development, especially, under adverse conditions. Very little is known about how many ion channel genes are involved in the disease development or its prevention, or whether the changes in different ischemia brain conditions may differ. The most important of these factors is extracellular acidosis. ASIC receptors (voltage-independent proton-gated cation channels) are able to detect physiological changes associated with acid concentration increase. A number of authors consider ASICs to be the most promising target to prevent neuronal injury after ischemic stroke. ASIC activation has an impact on pain sensation, ischemic neuronal injury, neuronal degeneration and mechanosensation that allows ASICs to become potential therapeutic targets for manipulating pain sensations and neurological disorders. In addition to screening for new ASIC1a inhibitors, known ASIC inhibitors can undergo structural modification in order to develop new strong and highly specific inhibitors. Inhibitors of small molecules targeting ASICs may serve as promising therapeutic agents for stroke treatment as well as for psychological adjustment. The paper describes mechanisms of ASIC receptors’ activation, localization, and role in physiological processes. A model of ischemic stroke in rats has also been observed.

37-49

Authors: Swayambhik Mukherjee, Sanchari Das, Shweta Kumari Rowlo, Advaith Pk

Cell Regeneration is the key phenomenon liable for the smooth and healthy functioning of our body as it is responsible for replacing the damaged or aged cells. The research focusses on the factors and possible accelerators responsible for cell regeneration, both Natural and Synthetic. In this regard, we have studied the process of cell regeneration closely in individual organs like the bones, heart, skin, eyes, and liver. Our main research question revolves around the reasons that influence the resurgence of cells and also elements that fasten the process. The research highlights various biological events including involvement of growth factors and scientifically implemented techniques like biomodelled chemical substitutes and 3Dbioprinting that have been interpreted to be linked with the renewal of cells in our research. The research efforts carried out in this article aims to further facilitate the Research and Development (R&D) initiatives of Jozbiz Technologies Pvt Ltd.