Revista Clio América

12

Authors: Carolina Crisorio

During the seventeenth century successive kings of Castile and Aragon had lost part of the political and economic control of its American colonies. This circumstance favored economic and social flourishing of the colonies and the formation of local elites who had some influence in the colonial administration. The situation changed during the eighteenth century with the arrival of the Bourbons 1, which took measures to increase the political and economic control of the metropolis over overseas possessions. The colonial policy of Carlos III, inspired by the enlightened despotism, sought to create change "from above" without changing social relationships 2. The main reforms Bourbon is the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (1776), which transformed Buenos Aires in the new seat of government. It was made up of the territories of the following countries today: Bolivia (Alto Peru), Paraguay, Uruguay (Eastern Band) and Argentina. One of the main objectives was to stop smuggling in favor of the commercial monopoly of the metropolis, since the distant port of Buenos Aires illegal trade 3 was produced, with the departure of Upper Peruvian precious metals and the entry of slaves and manufactured goods European ingleses4 and Portuguese introduced by May.

13

Authors: Cristina Seijo, Karina Villalobos

The purpose of this study was to analyze the social ethics and the dignity of human life. In this respect, it is relevant to study how current social evolution has changed the state organizations into a structural expression, function a land cognitive, as a result of power relations by the appropriation of social production surplus and ethics as the perfect and instinctive mechanism that reproduces the socially accepted behavior. Under this point of view, it is essential new ways of living grounded in social ethics, the dignity of human life and social justice, in which the individual and society are proposed, as organizations act as a body fluid, which is mobilized to insist, resist and strengthen personnel actions, without allowing that the adverse effect the success of an organization to achieve the proposed objectives. Such a situation arises the present article, which develops two categories, such as ethics and dignity of human life, doctrinally supported in Escobar (2005), Roldan (2009), Camps and Giner (1998), Sen (2002), Morin (1999), among others. Also, the documentary-type research is under an on-experimental approach, where there are large foundations that helped to strengthen the social evolution of state organizations.

19

Authors: Pilar Cagiao Vila

In 1904, at the initiative of a Galician immigrant named Gumersindo Busto Villanueva, born in Buenos Aires a cultural project which, although intended for University of Santiago de Compostela, the birthplace of his mentor, had a clear vocation to serve to commemorate the first centenary of the Independence of Argentina, his country of residence and adoption. This project resulted in the creation of a bibliographic and museum fund would aim to raise awareness in Galicia, and therefore in Spain, the American intellectual reality in all its variety and extension. In fact, the efforts of his mentor and networks woven in broad sectors of almost all countries of the continent, led to numerous collaborations from all sources to provide what should be the Library-Museum America1. The new institution was to be opened, according to the express wish of Gumersindo Busto and the Royal Order confirming its creation on 25 May 19102.

24

Authors: Véronique Benei

This chapter is about memory - and obliteration - of slavery in the city of Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. From the perspective of historical anthropology, investigated ways in which the history and practice of slavery seem little "remembered" in that city, despite having been checked and made trade until the nineteenth century. Also, the articulation of these memorials is explored obliteration everyday use today, the discursive register of slavery. This use occurs in many different contexts, from the domestic to the area of work, and more especially in the economic field. Finally, several hypotheses are proposed regarding this discursive resurgence.