Journal of Acute Disease

145-153

Authors: Vaibhav Dubey, Richard Owusu-Apenten, Shipra Tripathi, Udaya Pratap Singh, Alok Semwal

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common and leading cancer amongst the males all around the world. Depending upon it long latency and cost involved in its management and treatment, there is extensive need for more personalized and economical therapeutic approach for its effective therapy. The current review here discusses agents from natural dietary sources and drug class Non-Steroidal Antinflammatory (NSAIDS) that bears chemopreventive potential to regulate PC progression & tumour development and therefore could be devised into effective future treatment strategy against PC along with its metastatic castration-resistant form. Based on the literature search the therapeutic scope of selected agents are delineated, sighting their previous activity and prospects as epigenetic moderators in specific to particular PC causing biomarkers like over expression of AKR1C3, lost intracellular glutathione/glutathione-stranferases(GSH/GST) expression, DNA hypermethylation, aberrant cell proliferation and other related factors that are thought to potentiate and aggravate the onset of PC like smoking and use of other narcotics products.

163-168

Authors: Sheng Yu, Tian-Xiao Hu, Jun Jin, Sheng Zhang

with lung recruitment maneuver (RM) in the treatment patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: Totally 74 patients with ARDS admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Unit, Changshu Second People's Hospital in Jiangsu Province between September 2010 and June 2013 were selected and randomly divided into lung recruitment group and non-lung recruitment group, and the initial ventilation solution for both groups was synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). For RM, SIMV mode (pressure control and pressure support) was adopted. Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was increased by 5 cm H2O every time and maintained for 40-50 s before entering the next increasing period, and the peak airway pressure was kept below 45 cm H2O. After PEEP reached the maximum value, it was gradually reduced by 5 cm H2O every time and finally maintained at 15 cm H 2O for 10 min. Results: A total of 74 patients with mean age of (49.0±18.6) years old were enrolled, 36 patients were enrolled in lung recruitment maneuver (RM) group and 38 patients were enrolled into non-lung recruitment maneuver (non-RM) group. 44 were male and accounted for 59.5% of all the patients. For the indicators such as PEEP, pressure support (PS), plateau airway pressure (Pplat), peak airway pressure (Ppeak), vital capacity (VC) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), no statistical differences in the indicators were found between the RM group and non-RM group on D1, D3 and D7 (P>0.05), except that only FiO2 of RM group on D7 was significantly lower than that of non-RM group (47.2±10.0) vs. (52.2±10.5), P<0.05]. For the indicators of blood gas analysis, including pH, arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 of RM group were significantly higher than those of non-RM group on D7, and the values were [(90.2±16.1) mmHg vs. (76.4±11.3) mmHg, P<0.05] and [(196.5±40.7) mmHg vs. (151.7±37.3) mmHg, P<0.05] respectively. There was no statistical difference in heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI), central venous pressure (CVP) or mean arterial pressure (MAP) between RM group and non-RM group on D1, D3 and D7 (P>0.05). 28-day mortality, ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality were 25% vs. 28.9%, 25% vs. 26.3% and 36.1% vs. 39.5% respectively between RM group and non-RM group (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Protective lung ventilation strategy combined with lung recruitment maneuver can improve the indicators such as PaO 2, FiO2 and PaO2/FiO2 on D7, but failed to improve the final outcomes such as 28-day mortality, ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality.

175-180

Authors: Elham Shahnazi, Habib Mohammadzadeh, Chiman Daneshyar, Alireza Chavshin, Shahram Khademvatan

Objective: To obtain the frequency of trichomoniasis and molecular diagnosis among women referred to a laboratory in Urmia (north west Iran). Methods: In the cross sectional study during the year 2014-2015, women with complaints of abnormal discharge, itching, irritation and unpleasant odor were studied using convenience sampling. These people were referred to one of the laboratories in city by gynecologist. After preparing the checklist of underlying data, vaginal wet smear samples was prepared to direct microscopy and molecular assess. Results were analyzed with statistical tests. Results: Totally 39.2% of referred cases were 30-40 years old, and about 54.8% of referred were illiterate and primitive. The frequency of trichomoniasis was 11.1% and statistically there was no significant difference. There was no significant difference among the age, education level, method of contraception, marriage age, location, employment status and the number of delivery with T. vaginalis. Conclusion: T. vaginalis compared to other studies have a moderate frequency among women of Urmia. Because of the concordance of this infection with other sexual transmitted diseases, it is recommended further studies about the prevalence of trichomoniasis in Urmia.

187-192

Authors: Xiao-Xuan Fan, Xiao-Ping Zhao, Xin-Rong Guo, Hai-Feng Duan, Ge-Ting Liang

Objective: To study the intervention effect of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction on the neuron damage in model rats with acute subdural hematoma (ASDH). Methods: 160 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, and the ASDH model rats were made by stereotactic autoblood injection, and sham operation group received craniotomy without blood injection. Sham operation group and model group were normally bred after model establishment, and 6 h after model establishment, the treatment group received intragastric administration of Peiyuan Huayu Decoction, and control group received intragastric administration of Piracetam Tablets, 1 time a day. On the 1d, 3d, 5d and 7d after model establishment, the general conditions of rats (activity, food intake and mental state) were observed, blood was collected via auricula dextra, ELISA method was used to determine peripheral plasma NSE and S100毬 protein contents, routine HE staining was conducted after perfusion fixation, the neurons in blood injection side of brain tissue were counted, and the neuron damage was observed. Results: 26 rats were dead in the experiment. The general conditions of sham operation group were significantly better than those of other groups, treatment group was significantly better than model group and control group on the 5d group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference on the 1d, 3d and 7d (P>0.05); neuron count of sham operation group was basically stable, treatment group was not different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), treatment group was better than model group (P<0.05), and not different from control group (P>0.05) on the 3d, and treatment group was better than model group and control group on the 5d and 7d (P<0.05); peripheral plasma S100毬 protein and NSE contents of sham operation group were at lower levels, treatment group was not significantly different from model group and control group on the 1d (P>0.05), S100毬 protein and NSE contents decreased significantly on the 3d, and treatment group was significantly different from model group and control group (P<0.05), S100毬 protein and NSE contents increased on the 5d and 7d, the increase in treatment group was slower than that in model group and control group, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Peiyuan Huayu Decoction has obvious protective effect on the neurons in ASDH model rats, and this effect may be based on the inhibition of secondary neuron damage.