The Journal of Zoology Studies

09-12

Authors: Sabaridasan.A, Manikandan.K, Palanikani.R, Soranam.R

The exhibit investigation was analyzed on habitats of Indian fox in agrestic domain of Villupuram district villages, Tamilnadu. This appraises was incompatible aspect’s questionnaire to agrestic domain granger. We progress to commemorate of early 10 years and recent of a fox universe in their domain agrestic domain. The oral appraise commemorated indicates that the fox survival domain was short-lived by the human radioactivity. It occurs at low compactness throughout its ramble and populations can undergo major fluctuations due to prey accessibility. Hence, it would be terminated in such domains the survival of the fittest of the Indian fox Vulpes bengalensis is under a crucial scourge.

22-25

Authors: A. Subramanian and U. Balasubramanian

The knowledge of the haematological characteristics is an important tool that can be used as an effective and sensitive index to monitor physiological and pathological changes in fishes. These parameters are also closely related to the response of the animal to the environment, an indication that the environment where fish lives could exert some influence on the blood characteristics. The supplementation of 1% Spirulina, 1% soyabean and 1% combined diet (1% Spirulina and soyabean) on haematological status in Catla catla. An experiment was conducted to determine the haematological role of Indian Major Carp Catla catla, fingerlings for period of 90 days.There were significant differences between the blood parameters (haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), RBC indices (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and white blood cells (WBC). The present investigation shows that incorporation of a soyabean and spirulina in diets for common carp results in increased haematological performance. Among the various diet, combined diet at 1% concentration produced the best and statistically significant (p<0.05) in haematological parameters RBC (1.27±0.07), WBC (6800±421.6), Hb (5.21±0.35), PCV (15.12±1.02), MCV (121.19±0.81), MCH (42.01±2.85) and MCHC (34.45±2.34) compared to other diets and control.

11-16

Authors: N.M.Soomro, M.H.Soomro, J.I.Chandio, T.J. Ursani, S. Malik, Z.A.Palh, K.H.Lashari

The feeding response of predators on eggs and nymphal densities of white-backed plant hopper (WBPH) was studied. The results indicate that the number of eggs and nymphs of WBPH consumed by the mirid bug greatly increased as prey density increased. It was also concluded that Cyrtorhinus Lividipennis is a voracious predator on eggs and nymphs of Sogatellafurcifera compared to the predator Pardosa pseudoannulata.

23-26

Authors: Naveed Akhtar, Kausar Saeed, Shahroz Khan

Buner is a district of Malakand division. It lies between 34-09 and 34-43◦ N latitude and 72-10 and 72-47◦ E longitude. River Barandu is the largest river of the district. It flow in tehsil Daggar and then enters to tehsil Gagra. River Barandu is the most important water line as it connects with all major villages eventually falling into the river Indus at Kala Dhaka. In current study a total of 10 species were collected belonging to 3 orders and 4 families. These Species were Barilius pakistanicus, Triplophysa naziri, Tor putitora, Crossocheilus latius, Schizothorax plagiotomus, Channa gachua, Gara gotyla, Matacembelus armatus, Puntius sophore and Schistura punjabensis. The specie Glyptothorax punjabensis was not collected in current study which might be the result of increase anthropogenic activities in River Barandu. Protectiver measurements are required to save the fish fauna of River Barandu.

33-49

Authors: Sanjib Bose and Padmanabha Chakrabarti

The pituitary gland of Liza parsia (Hamilton, 1822) was of the cranio-leptobasic type and subdivided into three distinct zones innervated by the narrow and short strip of neurohypophysis. Different cell types were identified in the pituitary gland of L. parsia on the basis of their distribution and staining properties. The acidophilic lactotrophs or prolactin (PRL) cells and basophilic thyrotropic (TSH) cells stained with Mallory’s triple and Periodic Acid Schiff’s-Orange G (PAS-OG) and Aldehyde fuchsin (AF) were found in the rostral pars distalis (RPD) region. The PRL cells showed strong affinity to aniline blue. Between PRL cells and neurohypophysis (NH), adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cells (ACTH) were found which gave faint purple colour (OG) with PAS-OG stain. The basophilic gonadotropic cells (GTH) and acidophilic somatotropic cells (STH) were distributed in the middle proximal pars distalis (PPD) region. The GTH cells were PAS, AF positive while STH cells were PAS and Acid Fuchsin positive. The melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cells (MSH) were observed in the pars intermedia (PI) which were positively stained with PAS. No significant changes of the activities in all of the acidophilic cell types were observed throughout the year. However, The GTH and TSH cells reacted positively with PAS and exhibited both quantitative and qualitative variations during the ovarian cycle. During growth and pre-spawning period the GTH and TSH cells were characterized by homogeneous or granulated cytoplasm and recorded with maximum cellular diameters. The activity of GTH and TSH cells was reflected by low staining intensity as well as vacuolization of the cells during spawning period. During the post-spawning phase both the GTH and TSH cells stained weakly having atretic features. The substantial changes in the ovarian activity were correlated with the changes in the activity of the GTH and TSH cells of the pituitary gland in L. parsia.

09-10

Authors: Ashok Kumar Verma

The book entitled ‘A HANDBOOK OF ZOOLOGY’ is published by Shri Balaji Publications, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.) in 2013. Its author Dr. A.K Verma has compiled his twenty years of experience in this book. This book is written for All India and state level medical entrance examinations. It is designed in such a manner that it not only strengthens the conceptual and application part of the subject but also helpful to improve the confidence and problem solving skills as it has strategic planning in excellent style. It provides systematic, well planned up to mark and to the point approach incorporating NCERT concept, necessary for students preparing for medical entrance examinations.

19-23

Authors: Shipali and Jagbir Singh Kirti

Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies have been conducted on genitalic structures of Anopheles (Cellia) stephensi Liston for the first time from India. External genitalic attributes are highly species specific in many insect groups in general and mosquitoes in particular. Though the external male and female genitalic structures have already been studied by taxonomists in case of this most important vector species. Many additional characteristics have been found which will prove useful in sorting out species complex of this group.

27-32

Authors: A.K.M.Al-Amin Leamon, Shamita Mahzabin, Shad Ebna Rahaman, Md. Faruque Miah

Bangladesh is enriched with fish and other aquatic organisms and the freshwater snail Pila polita is one of them. Like other snails Pila polita is eco-friendly and economically important species, however, study related to genetics particularly diversity and relationships of this snail is very limited. This was the first genetic research of Bangladesh on this species. In this research Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was performed for evaluating the genetic variability among individuals of Pila polita. Seven individuals of Pila polita were analyzed with three random primers such as B 03, C 04 and OPB 12. A total of 11 polymorphic loci were found in experimental samples. In this analysis, highest polymorphism (35.29%) was showed by the primer B03 and lowest polymorphism (25%) was showed by the primer OPB12. The highest and lowest inter-individual pair wise similarity was recorded 4 and 1 respectively. Genetic distance was observed with values highest 0.944 and lowest 0.556 among these experimental individuals. The highest and lowest linkage distance among individuals was observed 17.0 and 5.0 respectively. Nei’s genetic similarity was observed whereas highest and lowest values were recorded 0.500 and 0.111 respectively. In the cluster analysis, it was observed that most of individuals were distinctly related with each other.

07-11

Authors: Mohey A. Hassanain, Abdel Rahman M. Bashter, Fathy A. Abdel Ghafar, Soad E. Hassan

Moniezia expansa could be considered as the most important cestode parasites infecting sheep causing monieziasis which constitutes a problem in sheep breeding. The aim of the present study is to investigate on the anatomical cellular and tissue structure and development of the interproglottidal gland and tegument correspondig to the mechanism of its secretion. The detailed structures of the tegument and microtriches could not be seen by light microscoy examination and also the interproglottidal glands appear as interupted non differential cellular chain inbetween worm proglottides or segments.The ultrastructure study done by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the glands develop separately from the tegument and compromising an endocrine character. It was observed that the gland consists of subglobular follicles or vesicles, which are embedded in parenchyma and pushing the tegument at the posterior border of the proglottid, formulated crypt-like structures with central hilum or sinus. The gland secretions were diffused to the tegument and parenchyma of the proglottid through cellular channels (protoplasmic channels) upward to the anucleate syncytial layer of tegument ; apical cytoplasm through cytoplasmic channels.

16-22

Authors: Aneesh E.M, Thasia Chandran and Lakshmi K.V

A survey on the occurrence of mosquito in Kuruva Island was made and their vectorial status was analyzed. This study was undertaken for six months from October 2010 to March 2011. Mosquito larvae were collected throughout the island and were later identified in the laboratory using systematic keys. A total of 18 mosquito species belonging to 5 genera, Anopheles, Aedes, Culex, Mansonia and Armigeres were identified. The habitat preference and vectorial capacity of these mosquito species were discussed.

31-38

Authors: Amtyaz Safi and Muhammad Zaheer Khan

A total of 365 specimens of freshwater turtles belonging of Two Families Viz., Geoemydidae (Crowned river turtle, Hardella thurjii; Brown roofed turtle, Pangshura smithii and Indian roofed turtle; Pangshura tecta) and Family Trionychidae (Indian narrow-headed soft-shell turtle, Chitra indica; Indian soft-shell turtle, Nilssonia gangetica; Indian peacock soft-shell turtle, Nilssonia hurum; and Indian Flap-shell turtle, Lissemys punctata andersonii were identified. Lissemys punctata (30.95%) and Nilssonia gangetica (27.39%) had abundant population status, whereas, Hardella thurjii (1.36%) and Pangshura tecta (3.01%) were rare. Spotted Pond turtle (Geoclemys hamiltonii was not recorded during the present study, as this Species had been reported by various researchers in different areas of Pakistan. The current study investigated the distribution and abundance of freshwater turtle Species inhabiting in different water bodies of Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Capturing of turtles for export is a major threat to these animals. Fishermen also kill them during fishing. Canal closure, de-silting and destruction of Ecological niches are also harmful to these animals. It is concluded that it is necessary to provide effective and immediate legal protection/Coverage to all turtle species under the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife (Protection, Preservation and Management) Act, 1975, Pakistan; otherwise turtle species will become extinct.