EMINAK

15-19

Authors: Kozlenko Roman

The article considers the problem of localization of the «Cimmerian fortresses», which are mentioned in the «History» of Herodotus. Discusses the objectivity of preliminary mapping of the referenced objects with located in the Eastern Crimea powerful shafts. Basing on the recent discoveries and researches of fortified settlements of the late bronze age in Northern Black sea coast, there is proposing a new locations for the mentioned in the «History» «Κιμμέρια τείχεα». Bosporus shafts could not be known to Herodotus. Accordingly, the search data fortification should be extended to the side of the steppe region of the Black sea territory of Scythia. The remains of fortifications of the hillforts of the late bronze age the Dikiy Sad, Reprinskoe fortified settlement and the fortress at Crocmaz village could be known to the Scythians and the Greeks, and correlated with the Cimmerians.

25-29

Authors: Volcanov Sergey

The article discusses the position of στρατηγός ἐξ ἁπάντων – a general elected without any regard to his tribe from all Athenian people, whereas the rest of the strategoi were elected by tribes. It should be noted that this problem has found its development mainly in the Anglo-German historiography and today it is far away from its settlement. Here is given an attempt to determine the time of emergence of the στρατηγός ἐξ ἁπάντων, the procedure of election, whether it gave extra authorities and when the Athenians ceased to practice this appointment. This issue involves another problem in defining of powers and place of the most prominent generals and politicians in the political system of Athens. During the research we came to conclusion that the position of στρατηγός ἐξ ἁπάντων takes its rise in the Persian Wars, and it was dictated by the military necessity to hand command over Athenian regiment to the one strategoi, who had influence among his colleagues, and abilities of a talented commander. By itself, this position had no extra authorities. It is possible to conclude that the election of στρατηγός ἐξ ἁπάντων was not clearly regulated in the Athenian law. The Athenians continued to elect στρατηγός ἐξ ἁπάντων down to the end of the era of Pericles 430/20 BC.

36-43

Authors: Zahariev Volodymyr

Ancient noble family Scibor of Ostoja coat of arms was famous from the 15th century. Her members lived in Calish, Seradz, Krakow and Sandomierz Voivodeships. Members of this clan received their surname Marchocki from the name of the small village Marchocice. The patrimonial name Scibor was used as a supplement to the surname. Several members of this family became famous thanks to the memoirs (Nicholas Scibor-Marchocki from Marchocice let the memories about the Moscow war, the nun Marianna Marchocka became the first pole who in the middle of the 17th century wrote autobiography). In the second part of the 18th century members of the family Scibor-Marchocki began to live in Podilia. Ignacy Marchocki was the most famous member of this clan, who had the title of «redux», that he invented. In 1813 I. Marchocki had the title of count but for restless disposition he was deprived of this title in 1822. Prolonged attempts of Marchocki to regain the title of count was a success only in 1908. Ignacy Marchocki proclaimed his estates in Podilia as an independent Minkowce state, where he held progressive reforms in social and household life. The lands that he bought near Odessa became county «Ruffipolis», where podolians lived. Son of Ignacy Marchocki Karol continued his father’s reforms. But for participation in secret organizations he was deprived of the possessions. Five sons of Karol achieved success in jurisprudence, bank and economic occupation. The patrimony of Marchocki Lyubomila was settled. His grandson Julian, who was admitted to the Polish troops in 1919, after demobilization settled in Polish Pomerania, where he engaged in agriculture. The last representative of Marchocki’s family was Stanislav and he died in 2015.

53-59

Authors: Stepanchuk Yuri

The revival of establishing the image of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and his nation-building activities in the patriotic historiography began in the second half of the 1980s. Till this time there were almost no studies devoted to the problems of Ukrainian statehood in middle XVII century. But the exception was the questions of diplomatic activity of the Government of B. Khmelnitsky. Proclaimed in 1985 by M. Gorbachev «glasnist» and political liberalization began to bring unexpected positive results. Therefore, the emergence of new historiographical facts about B. Khmelnitsky and the formation of its newest establishing image should be considered in the context of the indissoluble political development of the society of that time. So professor S. Kulchytsky testifies that the rebuilding in the historical science had been actually unfolded in 1988-1989. First, in some newspaper and magazine articles on social and political themes, then – in brochures and scientific journals they had begun to reconsider some stereotypical positions of the national history. In 1990-1991 the first monographic works were published and written from the standpoint of new thinking. In historical science there had been the gradual and the comprehensive retreat from class concepts and principles of Marxist methodology. Above all, it turned out that the researchers had stopped to rely on the works of classics of Marxism-Leninism, the decisions of party congresses, conferences, etc. The first historiographical facts of redefining the image of B. Khmelnitsky and the National revolution of the mid- XVII century appeared in the second half of the 1980s. If in Soviet times the figure of Hetman was a symbol of the ideological class struggle and unity of two fraternal peoples, then in modern Ukrainian historiography B. Khmelnytsky took the place of an apologist for the Ukrainian national state-building of the middle of XVII century.

69-76

Authors: Popovych Oleksij

In the article about the Ukrainian resistance movement during the Second World War, especially its presentation in textbooks and manuals. The influence of the present teaching and educational narrative on the historical memory of youth. To improve the structure and content of school textbooks in the article the following recommendations. There is a great need for coverage of the history of the Ukrainian resistance movement during the Second World War in particular single region; entry into the school books on the history of Ukraine subjects related to the fighting in Ukraine during the Second World War, various Polish, Romanian and Hungarian armies; minimizing the propaganda rhetoric in the interpretation of the history of the Ukrainian liberation movement, the need for analysis of the national armed forces Ukrainian, which serve many Russians, Belarusians, Georgians and other peoples of the USSR. The content of textbooks could enrich subjects related to Ukrainian participation in the international anti-Nazi resistance movement. It is inappropriate to serve as a school literature untested generalizations concerning figures which carried the debate, particularly on the number of victims of the Ukrainian-Polish confrontation during the Second World War.

82-86

Authors: Gorburov Evgen, Gorburov Kіrіl

This publication first completes biography of the known navigator of XX century sea captain Stefan P. Belyaiev (10.05.1895- 04.02.1952). S. Belyaev, who served as Chief of Mykolayiv seaport in 1918, managed to escape from the repressive machinery of the Soviet power. In the 1930s he worked in the Far East. In the years of Second World War steamship «Dekabrist» under the control of captain S. Belyaiev was accomplished by a maiden voyage from the USA in the USSR, delivering an armament and live ammunition. Disclosed events difficult years of war and captivity, liberation and filtering by the NKVD-MGB. Study and research work in the final of searching to «closed» blank spots in the biography of Stepan Belyaev, making it more complete and telling interesting facts associated with this wonderful man. The history of Mykolayiv and Mykolayiv’ land replenished yet another biography of a her native.

96-101

Authors: Opatskyi Ihor

Based on archival documents from the personnel fund of Petro P. Kurinnyi (1894-1972) and his father’s diary Petro F. Kurinnyi (1852-1931) the activity of Uman branch of Kyiv Society for antiquities and arts protection had been analyzed. The following basic directions of the activities: archaeological, archival, and ethnographic had been stated. It was found that the members of the society carried out a considerable work on the study of archaeological sites of Uman region, archaeological excursions had been periodically initiated and carried out. The antiquity and arts investigation had been conducted during the mentioned excursions. The branch members tried to find the archives of the former Uman military settlements. The special attention was paid to the detection of underground tunnels and to the plans of making their detailed map. Attention is drawn to the ethnographic and other activities of the branch. Scientific debates that had arisen between members of the branch during working meetings were characterized. The society members actively discussed the issues related to the key moments of Uman history. Due to the meetings protocols, the work of the most active members of the branch had been analyzed. It was found that Khrysanf Yaschurzhynskyi had been heading the branch of Kyiv Society for Antiquities and Arts Protection for a long time, but from September 8, 1917 he branch was headed by Petro Kurinnyi. His father – Petro F. Kurinnyi held the position of treasurer. The study allows the conclusion that the members of the Uman branch of Kyiv Society for Antiquities and Arts Protection made a large amount of work for the descriptions, research and preservation of various types of antiquities and arts in Uman region. Military actions and events of the revolution were in the way of implementation of many planned activities.

107-111

Authors: Sribna Mariya

In article on the basis of the collection of the National Museum of history of Ukraine is analysed documentary material collection on the theme, «The culture and art of Ukraine in the context the XX – early XXI century». Shows the main points and describes the problems faced by the scientific staff when recruiting collection. In 25 years of independence of Ukraine was attributed to the materials of theatrical art, cinema, music and circus arts. Given the difficult economic situation in the country, researchers do not often have the opportunity to organize business trip to different cities of Ukraine with the acquisition of exhibits of the topic. Therefore, the funds stored materials that best represent the activity of cultural and art institutions in the city Kiev.