EMINAK

5-9

Authors: Dmytrenko Vitaliy

The article analyzes the demographics criteria of the family functioning among the parish clergy. The source base of the study is based on confession books. These documents recorded the visits of the confession and communion by the parishioners. They included all residents regardless of age, gender or social origin. In the article the marital status of pastors is defined. We note the high percentage of married men in their environment. The paper shows age-sex relationships in families of pastors. The work also studied marriage and marriage age difference among the parish priests of Pyriatyn diocese. The comparative analysis of similar indicators in other dioceses is held as well. The thesis shows differences of functioning of the institution of marriage and the family in the environment of priest and other social groups of the Hetman State. The factors that influenced the marriage age of priests are figured out. Author determined a significant role of education and features of «employment» that affected the relationships.

15-22

Authors: Kuznets Tetiana

The article analysis the publications of the weekly review «Guidance for rural pastors» during the first decade of its release, namely in the 1860s (the primary public school). It was found that in the first half of the 1860s the published materials were mostly descriptive. They gave the idea of national and foreign experience in church schooling, providing the statistics of primary education spread, as well as teaching experience in God’s law. In the second half of the 1860s the education materials became more targeted for rural teachers to equip them with methods of teaching basic school subjects and to strengthen the clergy’s responsibility for moral and religious education for pupils. The study of publications made it possible to identify the topical themes of weekly reviews during the studied decade. These are the debates about the role of parish clergy in general education, training teachers for rural schools and employing pastor’s speech for the benefit of children’s education.

30-37

Authors: Yadlovska Olga

The article is devoted to social and political activity of the Russian minority in the South region in the early twentieth century. In the all-operated socialist, liberal and conservative forces, local branches were polyethnic composition. Attention is paid to the formation, development and operation of the South Ukraine all-local branches of political parties of the socialist movement, the Russian Social Democratic Party, the Socialist Revolutionary Party, the Union of Socialist Revolutionaries maximalists and others. The Bolsheviks were big in Katerynoslav province were popular in Taurian and Kherson provinces, as well actively working Revolutionaries who organized Taurian Union and attracted students to work even in Odessa. Also outlined the activities of anarchist groups and clubs, including the movement anarchist-communism and anarcho-syndicalism, the cells were Elisavetgrad, Kherson, Melitopol, Nikolayev, Sevastopol, Yalta. Katerynoslav and Odessa became centers of «southern» monarchism. Liberal Russian forces in the region were represented Constitutional Democratic Party and «Union of October 17» a conservative direction, and his radical course – Black Hundreds unions and their organizations «Russian Assembly», «Union people Russians’», Soyuz Russian people. The second largest provincial cadet organization in Ukraine became the Kherson organization after Kiev. Octo cells were completely disorganized after the First World War. Black Hundred organizations were represented at the South Ukraine all-organizations and local «Society nationalists» in Odessa, «Pokrovsky Orthodox brotherhood of people» in Sevastopol, «League of Patriots» in Feodosia and others. Indicated that a surge of political activity of all Russian forces widely at the time of the revolution of 1905-1907. It was determined that the South Ukraine dominated socialist Russian forces. Followed that general Russian political forces among the population gained considerable popularity and have support as the all and the party organizations and community organizations created in the South region. However, in its program guidelines and the nature of the Russian parties and organizations not even considered the possibility of raising questions and Ukrainian overwhelmingly advocated the preservation of the Russian Empire. Subsequently, the activity of Russian political forces has been further demonstration after the February 1917 revolution in a democratic policy of the Central Rada concerning national minorities.

43-46

Authors: Mankivska Tetiana

The attitude of Soviet power to teachers and their political views in the 1920s on an example of Kharkiv and Kharkiv region is analyzed in the article. Special attention is paid to teachers’ membership of the given region in the Bolshevik Party and other political parties in the previous period. The number of members of the Bolshevik Party among teachers in 1920 and the second half of the 1920s is compared. The author came to the conclusion that the teachers of Kharkov and Kharkiv region were non-political, there were some communists-members of the party or members of the Young Communist League («Komsomol») among them. At the same time the majority of Soviet party leaders and educational heads from People’s Commissariat of Education showed prejudiced attitude toward teachers, accused them of political apathy, hostility to Soviet power. The social composition of Kharkiv teachers in the second half of the 1920s is revealed. The repressive policy of the Bolsheviks towards the teachers associated with their social origin and attitude to the Soviet regime is emphasized. It was established that the government used to clean the ranks of teaching from politically unreliable elements administrative oppressions (dismissal from a job, transfer to another job) as well as repressions and political persecution.

51-55

Authors: Buravsky Alexander, Vlasyuk Igor

In the article anti-religious policy of the Soviet regime in Volyn-Zhytomyr Region in 1920-1930 is analyzed. The analysis is based on new research works, archival records and highlighting destinies of separate known and unknown representatives of the Orthodox clergy. The policy of the Soviet authorities in Volyn-Zhytomyr Region in religion in 1920-1930 had the following aims: to erase or significantly weaken the religious consciousness of people; by all means to do everything possible to replace the spiritual body of society by new atheist ideology. Not a strength but weakness of the government and its principles revealed itself in it. The government treated church and the clergy as to spiritual rival without taking into consideration Christian values and centuries of church influence on people. These values were unknown for bolshevik’s ideology and its aiming at enemies search. But as we see the government didn’t dare to close all the churches at least in Zhytomyr Region as there were enough believers loyal to their church. The tragic fate of the orthodox clergy in question proves their loyalty to spiritual values and their final choice in conditions of persecution, harassment and repression

61-66

Authors: Pavlovich Yuri

In the article the problems and prospects of bilateral relations between Belarus and Ukraine in the vision of Ukrainian political thought. The expediency of studying of this problem on the basis of political and economic factors and their impact on international relations characterized. The potential and possible development of political relations between Belarus and Ukraine are analyzed. The article reflects the main points of diplomatic bilateral relations. The impact of domestic policies in each of country on international relations examined. Objective of the study is to try to characterize the Ukrainian-Belarusian relations in the vision of Ukrainian political parties, organizations, and political scientists. The first twenty years of Ukrainian-Belarusian relations as independent states, on the one hand, years of unused capacity, certain financial and border tensions, especially slow economic convergence, and the other – for years the absence of any enmity, even a hypothetical military confrontation, friendly relations on the human level. It can be argued that the formation of political dialogue between Ukraine and Belarus affected some aspects of the formation of political powers, which have similar mechanisms of their construction and administration.

72-76

Authors: Bogdalov Anton

The article explored the process of emergence and activity foreign volunteer battalions in ATO zone. Determined the first foreign volunteer battalions, investigated formation. Trying to give a historical evaluation of volunteer. Determine the impact of foreign volunteer battalions in the course of military operations. Considered the complexity of organization related to the legalization. Examined the state of the foreign battalions today. An attempt was made to determine the structure of foreign volunteer battalions, composition, military leadership, motives of participation of foreigners in the war on Ukraine side. The main reasons that led to the creation of military units, consisting of foreign nationals. The process of legislative legalization of foreigners. who participate in ATО The main areas where foreign volunteer battalions operated during the war. Identified military units, which made the general military tasks with foreign entities. We studied the materials of the National History Museum of Ukraine, which belonged to the military commander of the Georgian National Legion – Mamuka Mamulashvili.

81-86

Authors: Romanik Alina

Article based on fund collection of the National Museum of History of Ukraine. This article analyze the place and role of the church in war in the East of Ukraine during the ATO. It also traces the forms and methods of the chaplains’ work with the soldiers. It defines the contribution of every Christian denomination in to chaplain’s work. Defined forms and methods of Protestant chaplains. It analyzed military chaplains materials from the collection of the National Museum of History of Ukraine. This article covered the story of the first battalion of military chaplains, interfaith battalion of military chaplains. Pastors communicate with military personnel who serve at checkpoints, pray together. Today, no institution of military chaplains, not allowing in full force to support the troops. Discuss the confessional pastoral care in terms of fighting in eastern Ukraine is extremely important. The article reviews the prospects of military chaplains in the armed forces of Ukraine. Analyzed the service operation of military chaplains on providing moral and psychological training of soldiers.

93-97

Authors: Fesovets Oleh

The article contains a description of two decades (1903-1923 years) of the life and scientific activity of the outstanding scientist – railway employee Volodymyr Sokovych. His achievements as a specialist maintainer, leader are directly connected with the railways that were located on the territory of Ukraine – Kateryninska, the Southern Raiways. The beginning of his teaching and publishing of his first scientific book (in 1908) was in St. Petersburg – the capital and educational center of the country of that time. Return to Ukraine (1912) and outstanding achievements as the Head of the traffic department of the Katerynivska Railway with the center in Katerynoslav (now – Dnipro). Practical work as the Head of the railways and research and teaching activity in the early years of Soviet government in the South-Eastern railway (Kharkiv – Voronezh) and the Vladykavkaz railway (Vladykavkaz – Katerynodar (Krasnodar). The transfer to the work of teacher in the Moscow Institute of railway transport engineers, naming as the Professor, establishing of the first in the country Operating Department of the railway transport.

109-113

Authors: Shulha Volodymyr

A historical reconstruction of the creative search of the famous scientist in the livestock industry, doctor of the agricultural sciences, professor M. Kravchenko on breeding and genetic improvement and conservation of native Simmental breed was suggested. His priorities in research and development bases of breed creation, long-term planning in animal husbandry was summarized. Analysis of scientific approaches of the scientist on the using of farm animals with record productivity was applied. M. Kravchenko is developer of program of creation of the first Ukrainian beef breed of cattle, which is based on using of reproductive crossbreeding of the domestic Simmental and the best specialized beef breeds of foreign selection. He developed organizational bases of formation and development of industry of specialized beef cattle in Ukraine. Scientist explained the advantages of linear breeding as a higher form of farm animal selection and breeding. The author proved that expediency of using this part of his scientific heritage as a methodological basis for developing a modern strategy of cattle breeding was justified. Research is based on the using of general scientific, structural and functional, historical methods, as well as a broad base of the documents. The author plans also to research the scientific developments of M. Kravchenko on selection and breeding of other domestic breeds of cattle