International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research

912-918

Authors: Bushra Rehman 1, Praveen Rawat 2 , Vaibhav Agarwal *3, Shiv Kumar Verma 4.

Objective: To compare the effects of the Bobath Therapy and Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on arm motor function and hand dexterity function among stroke patients with a high level of function on the affected side. Materials and Methods: Study has conducted at the Outpatient physiotherapy department of a stroke unit. With a total of 30 patients were conveniently recruited and then randomized to Bobath Concept group and constraint-induced movement therapy group. Intervention included were the Bobath Concept group was treated for 1.5 hours per day during 5 consecutive weekdays for 4 weeks whereas the constraint-induced movement therapy group received training for 2 hours per day during 5 consecutive weekdays for 3 weeks. Outcome measures by the Wolf Motor Function Test, and Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Results: The two groups were found to be homogeneous based on demographic variables and baseline measurements. There were no significant differences in Wolf Motor Function Test at post test (p = 0.861) and at follow up (p = 0.395). There is a significant improvement in JTHFT in both the groups with sight better improvement in group B (except writing components post test p=0.752and checkers at post test p=0.197 and follow up p=0.167)) as compared to Group A. Conclusions: Bobath therapy and the Constraint-induced movement therapy have similar efficiencies in improving arm motor function in the paretic arm among stroke patients with a high level of function. Constraint-induced movement therapy seems to be slightly more efficient than the Bobath Concept in improving hand dexterity function.

928-937

Authors: Renu B. Pattanshetty *1, Santosh P. Dobhal 2.

Background and Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degree of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased glucose production. Physical activity is central to the management type 2 diabetes. There is less evidence to suggest the efficacy of combined effect of physiotherapist- designed supervised exercise protocol on muscle strength and autonomic parameters in such subjects. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate effect of physiotherapist designed supervised exercise protocol of muscle strength and autonomic parameters in this subject population. Material and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted in thirty (30) adult subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus including both males and females in the age group of 18 to 65 years. All subjects received physiotherapist designed supervised exercise training protocol consisting of aerobic, resistance & flexibility training. Pre-exercise and post-exercise outcome measurements were taken at baseline, 7th & 14th day in the form of 1-RM for muscle strength and autonomic parameters. Results: Statistical analysis of outcomes at baseline, 7th day and 14th day showed statistically significant difference in strength (p=0.0001), and reduction in autonomic parameters (p=0.0001) Conclusion: The therapist designed exercise protocol has shown to improve muscle strength , mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product. The protocol has also proved to be safe since no adverse event was noted post exercise.

947-954

Authors: Vandana J Rathod *1, Vyoma Shah 2, Jagatheesan Alagesan 3, Poongundran Paranthaman 4, Soundararajan P 5.

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder. Cognitive behavior therapy is effective in children with ADHD. But data are lacking to prove efficacy of sensory integration therapy in treating the children with ADHD. Method: This multi-center experimental study was done at three physiotherapy colleges in India. 60 patients with ADHD are included in the study. They are randomly assigned into three different groups. Group A: 20 (subjects receiving sensory integration therapy), group B: 20 (subjects receiving cognitive behavior therapy) and group C: 20 (subjects receiving sensory integration therapy and cognitive behavior therapy). The outcome measure used is Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale before and after six months of intervention. Result: There was a significant decrease in scores of Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale (p<0.001) in children with ADHD who received sensory integration therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy alone and combined therapies of Sensory Integration Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Conclusion: Combined therapies of Sensory Integration Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy are effective in reducing symptoms of ADHD as assed by Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale.

960-965

Authors: Ganesh B.R 1, Madhushree Pradeep Donde *2, Andrea Ramesh Hegde 3.

Objective: Few studies have been done on pranayama as therapy to improve pain and quality of life for primary dysmenorrhoea. Hence, this study is aimed at understanding the effect of slow and fast pranayama on primary dysmenorrhoea among Physiotherapy girl students. Methods: Unmarried girls (n=90) under the age group of 18-25 with primary dysmenorrhoea were randomly assigned to the study, Group A (n=45) Group B (n=45). Moos menstrual distress questionnaire (MMDQ), Numerical pain rating scale for pain, Quality of life scale by American chronic pain association were administered at baseline, after 1st menstrual cycle and follow-up after 2nd menstrual cycle. Group A was subjected to slow pranayama (Nadi Shodhan) and Group B was subjected to fast pranayama (Kapalbhati). Result: Significant (P<0.0001) improvement in quality of life and pain scores after intervention was seen in Group A (Nadi Shodan) as compared to Group B (Kapalbhati) . Prevalence of Primary Dysmenorrhoea was found to be high between the age group of 18-22. Conclusion: With Slow pranayama (Nadi Shodhan) the quality of life and pain scores improved when compared to Fast pranayama (Kapalbhati) indicating the benefits of Slow pranayama on Primary Dysmenorrhoea. Pranayama improves quality of life and reduces absenteeism and stress levels, so it should be implemented in college students to augment their menstrual wellbeing and should be inculcated as a routine practice to improve quality of life.

971-977

Authors: Renu B. Pattanshetty *1, Pooja M. Prasade 2, Aradhana K.M 3.

Background and objectives: Pressure ulcers are the third most expensive disorder after cancer and cardiovascular diseases. For predicting the risk factors early among patients admitted in intensive care units, all critically ill patient should be screened for presence of all possible risk factors. There is no single specific tool for risk assessment which can predict almost all risk factors. Least studies have been done in Indian scenario to compare and suggest a better predictor of risk assessment for presence of pressure ulcers. The objectives of the present study was to assess & predict the risk for decubitus ulcer using Braden, Norton, Waterlow and Cubbin & Jackson scale as well as to compare better predictor score / tool among these four scales in patients admitted in M.I.C.U. & S.I.C.U. in Indian scenario. Materials and Methodology: A total of one hundred fifty (150) subjects adult males and females admitted in I.C.U within 48 hours were included in the study. Braden scale, Norton scale, Waterlow scale and Cubbin & Jackson scale were administered by two physiotherapy interns. Results: The data was analyzed using student's paired t test, Chi square test and single way ANOVA. Statistically significant differences were noted when the test scores were compared to age (58-77) years (p=0.0308) nutritional status(underweight & obesity) (p=0.0174), mechanical ventilation (p=0.00001), musculoskeletal problems (p=0.0333), type II Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.0003) that have shown to contribute higher risk for development of decubitus ulcers. Cubbin & Jackson scale have shown to be the best predictive value with 99.3% sensitivity and 55.5% specificity compared to other scores. Conclusion: The present cross-sectional study concluded that the Cubbin and Jackson scale is a better predictor of risk of pressure ulcer in Indian scenario. In addition, Nutritional status, age group of 58-77 years, Type II diabetes mellitus and musculoskeletal problems have demonstrated to be risk factors for development of pressure ulcers in ICU admitted patients.

986-991

Authors: Mahesh V Hegde 1, Ajith S *2, Kavitha Shetty 3.

Background and Purpose: Problems of the occupational health management are posing serious challenges before the mankind globally. Occupational disease if unaddressed leads to deviation from health. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities and to find out the usefulness of protective mask in reducing respiratory symptoms in tobacco workers. Materials and Methods: Quasi experimental study includes those workers exposed to tobacco dust in beedi industry recruited with minimum of three years of experience and age group of 20 to 40 years. Control group includes age and sex matched subjects who are not exposed to tobacco dust. Results: There were significant difference exist between experimental and control group in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms. How ever there was no significant difference between FEV1 and FEF (25-75) between two groups. Conclusion: Prevalence of respiratory symptoms was found to be in beedi workers and the ventilatory capacity data were similar in both the groups.

999-1005

Authors: Nisha Acharry 1, Rahul Krishnan Kutty *2.

Background Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) has been defined as an impairment characterized by the separation of the two rectus abdominis muscles along the linea alba , Diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM) is common during and after pregnancy, and has been related to lumbo-pelvic instability and pelvic floor weakness. Women with DRAM are commonly referred to physiotherapists for non surgical management, but very few found to be effective. Objectives To determine if the effectiveness of Abdominal exercise with bracing in reducing the diastasis recti among postpartum females. Methodology: IP&OPD patients of Godavari hospital, Jalgaon for a period of 4 weeks. For this descriptive study a cross-sectional study design was incorporated. A number of (n=30) female patients within 1 month after delivery with Diastasis recti were selected. Each patient was screened, initially by using simple selection proforma relevant to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total (n=30) subjects were included in the study, these 30 subjects all are Females and one month and more after child birth. The subjects included in this study with an age from minimal 23 years to 34 years old. Number of off springs which is another variable used, was listed as 1(Minimum) and 4(Maximum) children’s. In this study a 26.6% of female are primiparous and 56.7% of them are multiparous. The collected information (data) was tabulated and analyzed by using appropriate statistical analysis tools. 30 Female subjects having mean age 28.8(SD=3.23) in which both primiparous and multiparous women having diastasis recti within 1 month postpartum. Diastasis recti pretest was found to be 3.5(SD= 0.5085) Diastasis recti posttest was found to be 2.5(SD=0.5074) t value=29.00 and P value found to be less than 0.001 which is highly significant. Conclusion: Based on the available evidence and quality of this evidence, after the exercise regimen and bracing the Diastasis recti muscle separation by finger palpation was found to be reduced. Hence, it can be interpreted that with non-surgical interventions (Physical Therapy) can prevent or reduce DRAM in the postpartum.

1012-1016

Authors: Prashant Naik 1, Aashka Shailesh Tanna *2, Priyanka Nareshkumar Mudaliar 3, Asmita Damodar Tari 4.

Background: In India, prevalence of dysmenorrhea varies from 33% to 79.67% 1-5. Dysmenorrhea is the commonest cause of absenteeism among college going girls6-9. It is related to various factors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, dietary habits, physical factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and menstrual factors such as age at menarche and duration of menstrual flow and emotional factors such as stress, anxiety and apprehension10. It is of immense importance to study the factors determining the variations in dysmenorrhea due to stress related conditions. Objective: To study the variations of dysmenorrhea during stress in college going girls in Belagavi city. With an objective to study the variations of dysmenorrhea during non-stress condition in college going girls in Belagavi city and to to study the variations of dysmenorrhea during stressful and non-stressful conditions among college going girls in Belagavi city. Methods: A total of 400 college going adolescent girls were screened for primary dysmenorrhea and pathological difficulties, malignancy and parity were excluded from the study. Confirmation of Primary Dysmenorrhea was done using Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. Once confirmed, all participants were subjected to councelling, taking into consideration the various risk factors and awareness about diet and regular physical exercise was conducted. Results: The present study proved that BMI was an independent risk factor among dysmenorrhic girls with the onset of symptoms occurring mostly among the early age group i.e 20.9 years. This study also proved the alternate hypothesis true i.e there was a positive and significant co-relation between each component taken in MMDQ with the mean values peaking mostly in the stress group than in non stress group with the values of 124 and 76.7 respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that there was a significant variation in dysmenorrhea during stress and non stress condition in college going girls.