International Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

109-115

Authors: Salma Kaddouri-Kaddouri, Cintia Concepción-Lorenzo, Rubí N Rodríguez-Díaz, Stephany Hess-Medler, Jonay González-Pérez, Rebeca Vaca-Sánchez, Delia R Báez-Quintana and Raquel Blanes-Zamora

Patients with chromosomal translocation have been reported to have high risk of reproductive failure, lower ovarian response, recurrent pregnancy loss and implantation failure. The literature is not conclusive, and our objective is to study if female balanced translocation (BT) does affect the controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). We carried out a retrospective analysis of 3249 karyotypes between 2008 and 2016, including 2276 females and 973 males. 12 women (0.5%) with BT were compared with 93 control normal karyotype group (CN) in both female and male partner. An equivalent control group (EQc) of 12 patients was additionally selected to be accurate with the BT statistical contrast. Cycle, oocyte and embryo outcomes were analysed. We concluded that female BT carriers have no diminished response to COS than infertile females with normal karyotype. This is an important information for counselling couples previous to COS and preimplantational genetic testing (PGT).

119-125

Authors: Ida Ayu Artini Dewi, Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai and I Ketut Suryana

Smoking has been shown to increase systemic inflammation. Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) are indicators of increased platelet activation associated with venous thromboembolic events (VTE). We aim to determine the relationship between smoking degree based on the Brinkman index and the level of inflammation. An observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach was conducted from October to December 2019 involving all adult smokers in the city of Denpasar, Bali, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Correlation test was used to determine the relationship between smoking degrees and NLR, PLR, and MPV/platelets in the subject. It was found that the research subjects had an average age of 37.13 years. Brinkman Index (IB) obtained IB 25-1000 (average 275.5506), with the ratio of mild: moderate: severe degrees are 44:45:11 people. The serum NLR value was 0.09 to 4.49 (mean 1.6633), PLR value was 47.97 to 188.81 (mean 104.4154), and MPV/Plt value 0.02 to 0.08 (mean 0.03). The degree of smoking based on the Brinkman Index in 100 samples, consisting of 44% of light smokers, 45% of moderate smokers and 11% of heavy smokers. Heavy smokers have higher NLR and PLR and lower MPV/Plt. There was no significant relationship between smoking degrees and NLR, PLR, and MPV/Plt (P = 0.494: 0.557: 0.776). All smokers classified as normal nutritional status (22%) and overweight (78%). The Spearman test showed that there was a significant relationship between smoking age and smoking degree (P = 0.000), but none for nutritional status (BMI) and smoking degree (P = 0.155). Pearson correlation test showed that the age of the smoker have no relationship with the ratio of NLR, PLR and MPV/Platelet (P = 0.670: 0.878: 0.229). T-Test result showed no relationship between NLR and PLR with nutritional status (P = 0.074: 0.116). The Mann-Whitney test also showed no relationship between MPV/Plt and nutritional status (P = 0.498). In conclusion, the higher the degree of smoking based on the Brinkman index, the higher the NLR and PLR values. There was no significant relationship between smoking degrees based on the Brinkman Index and serum NLR, PLR, and MPV/Platelet in healthy adult smokers.

132-138

Authors: Abd El Wahab A. E. Safaa, Abdul Azeem A. M., Mansour A. Amal and Al Shammari M. Eida

Black garlic is a type of garlic that is processed for a specific period, with precisely controlled degrees of moisture and heat until the color of raw garlic turns black. Black garlic plays a strong role in preventing diseases such as hyperlipidemia. This study aims to compare the effect of Egyptian black garlic extract (EBG) and Egyptian raw garlic extract (ERG) at different concentrations on serum biochemical parameters in hyperlipidemia rats’ model. Fifty albino rats were divided randomly into 10 groups with five animals. Rats were fed a normal diet (control) G1, high-fat diet (HFD) 40% lard w/w were (G2- G10) for four weeks to promoting hypercholesterolemia for all rats except G1 (control). After that, HFD groups were treated with 1ml oral administration three times a week of 100% (G3), 75% (G4), 50% (G5), and 25% (G6) EBG extract for 6 weeks. G2 (HFD) was a high-fat diet alone without any extract. ERG extract feed group were treated in the same manner described above, and G7 (HFD+100% ERG extract), G8 (HFD+75% ERG extract), G9 (HFD+50% ERG extract), and G10 (HFD+25% ERG extract) as written here. EBG extract-treated group showed significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum (p < 0.05), decreased both level of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) in serum. EBG extract with high concentration (G3) causes down regulation of lipid and cholesterol (p < 0.05) comparing with ERG extract indicating usefulness for treating hypercholesterolemia. Body weights on rats decrease by feeding of EBG extract, along with liver enzymes decrease in EBG fed rats. This indicates the efficiency of black garlic extract in reducing the level of hypercholesterolemia and avoiding heart disease and atherosclerosis.