Socio-Economic Research Bulletin

9-19

Authors: Oleksii Sydorenko, Serhii Makukha, Olena Kovalenko

The aim of article is to investigate the modern state of dialectic rationality and economic efficiency. The content of European culture key values without relying on which a person cannot think, learn and act fruitfully, are clarified. This applies to any field of activity: economic, social, political, etc. It is proved that in the economics sphere, rationality is usually characterized by the ability to organize the production process. She is measured by the expenditures required for manufacturing of production unit. It is illustrated that an economic system is considered rational if it operates with the lowest possible expenditure of energy and other resources, and operates on an approved program. The research results showed that rationality and efficiency in economic activity are usually dialectically interconnected and this relationship is contradictory: requirements for production efficiency increasing are constantly ahead of the possibilities for changes in a more conservative rational structure of the system, which raises the contradiction between them. It is proved that it is problematic to achieve a coincidence in time of the optimal level of functioning of the economic system both in a rational plan and in terms of its proper efficiency ensuring, and in the long term. A conceptual approach to the problems further research is proposed, the essence of which is not ignoring the place and role of classical rationality in the modern history of European science and philosophy, but, on the contrary, a more thorough search and use of all the positive that this type of rationality gave for the development of economic science, a fundamental study it’s still unknown heritage and deep understanding of it – all this should remain one of the priority directions of scientific and philosophical research.

29-38

Authors: Oksana Chumak

The article considers a conceptual approach to economic potential managing at the state-owned enterprise by public-private partnerships (PPPs) using. The subject of research is the theoretical and methodological provisions for economic potential management system formation of a state enterprise that cooperates with private sector under PPP conditions. The aim of article is substantiation of economic potential management concept of state-owned commercial enterprises in context of public-private partnership implementation. The basis of research is a systematic approach to the knowledge of enterprise economic potential management, as well as methods of logical generalization, comparison, analysis, synthesis, abstract-logical. At design stage it is recommended to determine the key performance indicators (KPI) of PPP implementation. For sustainability planning, a deeper analysis of the project should be carried out and services should be categorized according to alternative models of cooperation within the project, based on the idea of value-oriented management. The author recommended an economic potential management model by structuring key tools for enterprise management, which will provide a comprehensive understanding of the possibilities for its implementation, risks and problematic issues determination in economic activity aspects. The scope of application of research results are state-owned commercial enterprises. In determining of the state-owned enterprises economic potential for PPP projects, it is important to balance of the potential everything components, an influence calculate on project results its duration and risks, reliable determination of economic potential volume, methods for analyzing and evaluating of efficient use of the economic potential.

54-62

Authors: Igor Abramovich, Serhii Dmytruk

The article determines that the digitalization and informatization trends, the Fourth Industrial Revolution achievements gradual implementation, decarbonization trends, and also social and economic instability on a global scale have a considerable influence on the energy sector development. Further transition to information economy, digitalization, the artificial intelligence implementation in various business processes realization necessitate the improvement of personnel management efficiency, the modern approaches implementation to talent management, the innovative activity development and further of labor harmonization. It is proved that the important directions of personnel management efficiency increasing in the energy sector enterprises, taking into account the particularities of their business processes implementing in the context of a gradual transition to the information society, are: the personnel management information systems development, their integration with a global information systems of enterprises business processes managing; increasing the level of staff involvement with online environment, social networks and digital technologies using, which will be facilitated by the modern communication strategies development for internal and external stakeholders, further digitalization of personnel management processes; using the innovative forms of labor organization for creative workers, which can provide more efficient processes for creating innovations (practices development for distance employment introducing, remote work, information systems for communication and monitoring of key performance indicators achievement); energy enterprises business processes digitalization at all production stages. The features of personnel management determined by the authors at the enterprises of energy sector of Ukraine in the context of national economy digitalization and justified directions for the personnel management efficiency improving will contribute to a more efficient digital transformation of domestic enterprises in the energy sector and innovative solutions implementation in their business processes.

72-80

Authors: Oksana Klimenkova

The article considers the relationship between the elements of human capital and investment in human capital for his potential development and accumulation. An approach to the human capital definition as established or developed as a result of investments and accumulated for targeted use in the field of social production, to promote the growth of labor productivity, is presented. The necessity of regional programs of economic and social development, their directions in the field of human capital management for the country human potential accumulation as a whole is shown. The following types of investments are highlighted: healthcare; education; professional and other types of training; labor motivation; healthy lifestyle promotion; children’s birth expenses, parenting, person development and self-development. It is proved that through an internal regional labor market formation and development, and with its help, the trajectory of human capital accumulation will be realized. It is recommended to use integrated investments for the human capital accumulation from an enterprise, a state (region) and an individual side. The scheme of regional management of human capital development is presented. The directions of the regional labor market development are determined taking into account economic and social directions. An approach to the feasibility in human capital investing by the example of evaluation by appropriate formulas is generalized. The concept of region’s human capital as a resource of its economic development, which is developed taking into account of the territory needs and characteristics on the basis of appropriate conditions creation: economic, social, infrastructural, ethno-cultural and others, is proposed. It is concluded that there is a close relationship between human capital and region’s socio-economic potential formation and its role in the system of regional competitiveness formation.

92-104

Authors: Volodymyr Momot

The article formulates recommendations regarding the general technical policy of domestic industrial enterprises at the present stage of economic development, based on the application of the continuation method with respect to the parameter to a forced-homogeneous and heterogeneous production CES-function in the form of a Cobb-Douglas-Tinbergen. Based on the fact that the cost of labor resources in our country is almost the lowest in the world, we can conclude that the strategic policy in the field of fixed assets of domestic enterprises claiming on full competition in the world market should be focused on replacing obsolete equipment, which significantly reduces their competitiveness. The Cobb-Douglas-Tinbergen-shaped CES-function continuation method using with respect to the parameter to a forced homogeneous production indicates the possibility of an extremely optimistic intensive industry development scenario, which theoretically can grow almost exclusively through the use of skilled highly paid labor with moderate investment activity in the field of basic production funds. The influence of non-stationary processes in the economy on the enterprise development scenario has been identified, due to which the «lag» effect has been revealed when the development trend continues to operate for a certain time despite the fact that the conditions of the economic environment have already changed significantly. Thesis interpretation about decrease of reproductive potential of the national economy on the basis of a mathematical justification for the conclusion that production factors make an ever smaller contribution to the total product as they accelerate the intensity of their use in the production process, is given. Analysis of theoretically possible (limiting) cases of the production system development based on a comparison of changes in the parameters of production function is performed. Recommendations on the technological policy of domestic enterprises at the present stage are given.

118-128

Authors: Yulia Klius, Anzhelika Izhboldina

The article systematizes and provides of «internal control» concept definition (a powerful mechanism of measures or approaches aimed at the of development and implementation effectiveness of management decisions at the enterprise with the purpose of comprehensive and impartial control at a certain level to ensure receipt (increase) of income or improvement (stabilization) of enterprise’s financial condition). The main elements of the current system of internal control (the internal environment, subjects and objects of internal control system, means of internal control, internal control functions) are generalized and such a separate element as an «external environment» is highlighted. A number of factors that influence on internal control of large, medium and small enterprises (the composition of organizational structure, the volume of activity, the attitude of the company’s management to internal control, financial position of the enterprise) are determined. The main functions of internal control (information, diagnostic, communication, evaluation function) are systematized and a combined function of internal control, such as coordination and corrective, is proposed, which will allow for timely and efficient management control at the enterprises. Key tasks (ensuring the legality and reliability of information reflection in accounting, the reasons for deviations identifying and establishing in the process of economic activity, monitoring compliance with the established regulatory support of structural units, assessing the final results of the whole team, making managerial decisions for organization effective work) are defined, which influence at the enterprise management efficiency.

145-156

Authors: Ivan Zhygalo

The article assesses and analyzes the main trends of financial companies development in Ukraine as non-bank financial intermediaries for the period 2012–2018, based on official statistics collected by the National Commission for State Regulation of Financial Services Markets. Attention is focused on the absence of regulatory legal acts, which regulate of the financial companies activity in Ukraine and define those specific characteristics that distinguish them from other non-bank financial institutions. Approaches to the financial companies classification, which presented in scientific sources are systematized. The significant role of financial companies in the financial services market is substantiated by evaluating and comparative analysis of the main performance indicators of non-banking financial institutions listed in the State Register of Financial Institutions of Ukraine, including financial and insurance companies, credit unions, non-government pension funds and pawnshops. For statistical analysis, such indicators of non-banking financial institutions as a number of registered institutions, the volume of their assets and the volume of financial services provided by institutions were selected. Statistical information on the volumes of financial services by types provided by financial companies, which is published by the National Financial Services Commission for the period 2012–2019, is analyzed, namely: lending, housing construction financing, guarantee (surety), factoring and debt management. A comparative statistical analysis of the financial companies activity in the field of financial leasing and legal entities – lessors, which are not financial institutions, but have an ability to provide financial leasing services, determined by laws and regulations. A number of problems that hinder and impede the further development of financial institutions, including financial companies, are identified, and trends in the financial companies development in Ukraine are identified.

170-177

Authors: Oleksandr Syrchyn

The article proposes a scientific and practical approach to the role of management in the modern commercial bank’s activity. The information base of the article was a research results of modern scientists and NBU statistical data. It is shown that the strategic goal of a separate commercial bank activity is to increase its share in the banking services market. It is argued that management is an aggregate of processes of targeted, systematic and continuous influence of a management subject (bank management) on its object (bank team) with a help of certain functions that form a closed and repeating cycle. It is formulated that a management decision is a type of work, where individual or collective leadership (a management subject) provides a creative volitional influence (directive, order) on a bank (management object) with the aim to achieve the planned results of activity. All management decisions are classified into strategic, tactical and operational, depending on the coverage volume of control object and exposure time to the bank: strategic decisions have a long-term influence (5-20 years) on the bank’s activity and cover the main directions of its work in an aggregated form; tactical decisions have a medium-term influence (3-5 years) on the bank’s activity and cover all directions of its work in a detailed form; operational decisions have a short-term effect (up to 1 year) on the bank’s activity and generate a huge number of parameters or goals for achievement. An external (population, GDP volume, investments volume, base and money supply, inflation level) and internal (goals, structure, tasks, technology and people) environment factors that significantly influence on the individual bank’s activity management are generalized. The research results can be used in the practical activity of Ukrainian banks.

189-197

Authors: Anastasiya Berber

The article substantiates the research relevance of the feed market state for unproductive animals, their classification is given, and quality requirements are expounded. The possibility of using a low-value products and waste from the meat-processing industry as a raw material for the feed production has been shown. The rules of certification and quality requirements of the modern domestic market and the European market of industrial feed for unproductive animals are investigated. General norms and determinations are specified for a national food legislation and food legislation of EU, including the goal – achieving free movement of feed in the EU. The national standards of Ukraine and European standards in this activity sphere are analyzed. The ways of rational use of secondary raw materials are substantiated, which ensure the growth of industry production potential and the product assortment expansion. According to expert evaluations, around 10-20% of companies are potentially ready to present their own products on the European market, and the remaining 80-90% is not yet ready. It was noted that the general situation with the availability of raw materials in Ukraine is considered favorable, and the production organization of high-value and original feeds will allow us to develop an existing market for domestic feed for unproductive animals and to create the necessary conditions for their export to the EU countries. It is proposed to adapt domestic quality standards to European ones in order for export expanding of Ukrainian products to the European Union countries. It is recommended to introduce international systems of quality and safety products management at domestic enterprises in order to be able produce a competitive products and present them on the European market.

208-218

Authors: Sergey Kaptalan

The article provides a critical analysis and systematizes modern approaches to the definition of “agro-industrial formations”. So, on the basis of the analysis and genesis of concepts, under agro-industrial formation it is offered to understand set technologically, economically, legally and organizationally connected enterprises and the organizations which are carrying out: providing with resources, production, transportation, storage, processing, marketing and sale of agricultural and agro-industrial production. Following consideration of the historic causes and preconditions of occurrence and development of integration processes in the agricultural sector of the economy, based on the determination of the content of the agricultural sector as a sector of the economy, examines the nature and basic specific features of economic activity of enterprises of agro-industrial sector. Theoretical aspects of economic integration of agro-industrial enterprises are analyzed. Under the integration of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, it is proposed to understand the process of their unification, deepening of interaction, and such a state of enterprises that provides manageability, integrity, orderliness of their functioning. According to the type of integration processes of agro-industrial formations, it is proposed to distinguish three types of integration into the agro-industrial complex: horizontal, vertical and diversified integration. The essence, as well as positive and negative consequences of each type of integration into the agro-industrial complex are determined. The main positive effect of economic integration is the effect of increasing the scale of activities, as well as the synergistic effect of the unification of economic entities. Also, as a result of consideration of the main theoretical approaches to the classification of AIF, it was systematized representation of scientists about the types of AIF on other various classification features, namely: form of ownership; territorial coverage; industry affiliation; size; method of management; degree of legal independence of subjects; level of economic independence; organizational and legal forms. The classification allows to organize information about agro-industrial formations and is the basis for the development of a systematic idea of the nature of integration in the modern agro-industrial complex.